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Seattle University Collaborative Projects - International Academy of ...

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Impulsive Violent Sexual Behaviour: Antilibidinal Hormonal TreatmentConsiderations in Mentally Disabled PerpetratorsRob C. Brouwers, <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> Tilburg (brour@xs4all.nl; rbrouwers@trajectum.info)J.A. Troelstra, Van der Hoeven Kliniek, Netherlands (J.A.Troelstra@xmsnet.nl)Antilibidinal hormonal treatments, such as steroidal antiandrogens and gonadotrophin-releasinghormone (GnRH) analogues, seem to be effective in paraphilic disorders. This presentationdiscusses when to consider antilibinal hormonal treatment in mentally disabled perpetrators withrecurrent impulsive violent sexual behaviour. There is some evidence that antilibidinal hormonaltreatment can be helpful in diminishing recidivism <strong>of</strong> impulsive violent sexual <strong>of</strong>fences inmentally disabled perpetrators through delay <strong>of</strong> arousal and improvement <strong>of</strong> impulse control. Ifwe apply the bimodal model <strong>of</strong> violence then antilibidinal hormonal treatment can be used in anearlier phase <strong>of</strong> treatment. Lowering <strong>of</strong> testosterone will diminish sexual arousal, decreaseamount <strong>of</strong> violence, enhance control and perhaps decrease anger responses (inhibitingdominance and risk taking) in the impulsively violent mentally disabled perpetrator.Unfortunately it seems that the majority <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fences by mentally disabled perpetrators are notimpulsive in nature. Because it is difficult to understand all the considerations for the mentallydisabled perpetrator and this kind <strong>of</strong> treatment is an ethical minefield, we recommend a specialmultidisciplinary committee that is not involved in the treatment and able to give independentadvice. In the two years’ experience we have with this kind <strong>of</strong> expert advice we have noticed thatan antilibidinal hormonal treatment is not always necessary, especially in those cases whentwenty four hour supervision is demanded.Student Sex Work Research in Wales: Enhancing Student Well-BeingTracey Sagar, Swansea <strong>University</strong> (t.sagar@swansea.ac.uk)Debbie Jones, Swansea <strong>University</strong> (deborah.a.jones@swansea.ac.uk)This paper provides an overview <strong>of</strong> the All Wales cross sector research project ‘InteractiveHealth: Student Sex Work Wales’, which aims to uncover the motivations and needs <strong>of</strong> studentsex workers and to provide a new innovative e-health service for this relatively invisible cohort<strong>of</strong> sex workers. It also reports on the findings from student sex worker focus groups carried outin July 2011 in the city <strong>of</strong> Cardiff. In particular, the paper raises questions regarding the potentialimpact <strong>of</strong> sex work in terms <strong>of</strong> safety, sexual health and mental wellbeing, and the need toreduce stigma and victimisation towards young sex workers. It is argued that reducing stigmaamongst the general public and pr<strong>of</strong>essional service providers could facilitate the disclosure <strong>of</strong>sex work as an occupation and that this would go some way to ensuring that young people areable to access appropriate services.366

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