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Implications of Sexual Victimization History for Female Prisoner AdjustmentKayleen Islam-Zwart, Eastern Washington University (kislamzwart@ewu.edu)The proportional representation of women in United States prisons has been increasing since1980. Along with this growth, there has been greater attention to the adjustment process forfemale inmates. Several personal factors have been identified as impacting prison adjustment.With as many as 78% of women in prison reporting a trauma history, the impact of sexualvictimization on adjustment is of particular interest. Results from a longitudinal study involvingminimum-security women at a state prison suggest sexual assault history impacts adjustment toincarceration in a complex manner. Specifically, after controlling for physical abuse history andneed for approval, women with a sexual assault history report significantly more initial concernsabout personal safety, but less interpersonal and physical discomfort than women with novictimization history. Women assaulted exclusively as adults report more internal adjustmentproblems (interpersonal discomfort, insomnia, anger), safety concerns, and altercations thanwomen victimized as children and adults. Over time, inmates reporting a sexual assault historyshow consistent levels of internal adjustment problems (high for women with no assault historyand low for women reporting childhood and adult sexual assault) from the first to third weeks ofincarceration, while inmates without a history of sexual assault report initially higher levels ofinternal adjustment reaction that decrease to levels below that of the sexually assaulted group.Findings articulate the link between victimization history and adjustment to incarceration forfemale offenders, and highlight the importance of assessment of victimization history andtailored interventions to facilitate rehabilitation.Juvenile Victims of Sex Trafficking: Another Gendered Pathway to Crime forWomenEmily J. Salisbury, Portland State University (salisbury@pdx.edu)Criminologists continue to debate whether a single, general theory of crime is favored overtypological, or taxonomic, etiological explanations. The debate is becoming particularly relevantin the study of women’s offending patterns. For three decades, qualitative research has supporteda gendered pathways perspective, and more recent quantitative data also demonstrated empiricalsupport of female-specific trajectories toward crime. One pathway that continues to emerge inthe research involves prior sexual victimization as a primary distal factor in the etiology ofwomen’s offending. Using data from a juvenile detention facility in Washington state (U.S.), thispaper argues that within the commonly cited sexual victimization pathway is perhaps anothersub-pathway, one that reflects childhood victims of sex trafficking (i.e., commercial sexualexploitation of children or child “prostitution”).414