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Potable Water Biotechnology, Membrane Filtration and Biofiltration 511
Table 11.5
Filter construction, full-scale temperature study (120)
Plant GAC (in.) Anthracite
(in.)
@Ci
no
@z
Sand (in.) Garnet (in.) Chlorinated
backwash
Filter loading
rate
Winter Summer
Celina, OH – – 18 – Yes 4.6 3.9
Berea, OH – – 24 – Yes 3.9
Lake Bluff, IL 48 – 12 – Yes 4.6 7.3
Somerset, NJ 43 – 9 4.5 Yes 3.7 4.9
Millwood, NY – 24 12 – No 2.9 4.4
Andover, MA 43 – 6 – Yes 5.4 4.6
Santa Clarita,
CA
– 72 – – No 9.8 15
Sylmar, CA – 72 – – No 11 24
Table 11.6
Full-scale filter performance and biomass development as a function of temperature (120)
Plant Winter Summer
Temp Biomass % Removal Temp Biomass % Removal
(C) (nmol
PO4)
DOC THMFP
(C) (nmol
PO4)
HAAFP DOC THMFP HAAFP
Celina 3 115 4 9 14 28 70 12 – 7
Berea 3 7 3 10 9
Lake
Bluff
2 127 48 8 30 21 78 30 32 39
Somerset 7 127 20 28 47 28 71 11 37 55
Millwood 5 31 16 – 3 22 31 2 26 23
Andover 7 106 25 49 81 26 47 28 40 67
S. Clarita 13 47 15 8 41 17 40 10 5 19
Sylmar 9 50 22 24 46 24 38 16 12 41
@Ci
eEL þ
@z2
3
r ð1 eÞkLðCi CirÞ ¼0: (2Þ
The symbol z is depth within the filter (m), vo is the filter loading rate (m/h), Ci is the bulk
DOC concentration (mg/L), Cir is the DOC concentration at the surface of the filter media
(mg/L) where the biomass is attached, r is the radius of the filter media (m), c is the filter
porosity (dimensionless), EL is the substrate diffusivity in the bulk solution (m 2 /s), and kL is
the overall mass transfer coefficient (m/s) that describes movement of the DOC from the bulk