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Index 709<br />

Microfiltration-reverse osmosis (MF-RO)<br />

description, 445–446<br />

plant performance, 447–450<br />

Microorganisms return, 205<br />

Micropore volume, 406<br />

Microporous membrane, 6, 15, 17, 34, 49, 50,<br />

52, 61, 225–226, 356, 359, 370, 495,<br />

554, 568, 649<br />

Milk concentration, 13, 252, 253, 259<br />

Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS),<br />

207–209, 215–217, 228, 455, 459, 684<br />

Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids<br />

(MLVSS), 210<br />

Model<br />

finely porous, 565, 569<br />

homogeneous, 117, 565–567<br />

irreversible thermodynamics, 291, 565<br />

pore, 296–297, 406, 565, 568, 569<br />

preferential sorption capillary flow (PSCF),<br />

565, 568–569<br />

SD imperfection, 568, 569<br />

solution diffusion (SD), 9, 291–295,<br />

565–568<br />

surface force pore flow (SFPF), 565, 569<br />

Modification, membrane, 287–289, 655, 656<br />

Modules, 3, 104, 143, 205, 239, 273, 334, 437,<br />

478, 548, 570, 611, 651, 670<br />

capillary, 212, 213, 240, 245<br />

hollow fiber, 3, 144, 437, 485, 572,<br />

618–619<br />

plate, 212–214, 240, 243, 245<br />

plate <strong>and</strong> frame, 3, 8, 17, 28, 30, 31, 144,<br />

298, 299, 549, 571<br />

pleated sheet, 212, 213, 240, 245<br />

spiral wound, 3, 6, 8, 17, 21, 30, 31, 104,<br />

108, 117, 120, 144, 161, 169,<br />

212–214, 240, 243, 245–247, 278,<br />

298–301, 305, 314, 336, 366–369,<br />

372, 437, 463, 570–573, 580, 589,<br />

618–620, 691<br />

Molecular markers, 148, 156, 158, 159, 162,<br />

172, 179, 354<br />

Molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), 82, 158,<br />

277–279, 652, 675, 679–683, 689<br />

Momentum equation, 80<br />

Multifunctional systems, 32<br />

Multiple effect distillation (MED), 392, 393,<br />

527, 529–531, 535–536, 551, 552, 554<br />

Multi-stage flashing (MSF), 26–27, 392, 393,<br />

527, 529–531, 535–536, 551, 552, 554<br />

distillation, 392, 527, 534–535<br />

Multi-stage process, 18, 254, 534, 575<br />

Municipal wastewater, 10, 37, 314, 317<br />

reclamation, 433–477<br />

treatment, 23, 28–29, 217–218, 272, 434,<br />

435, 437–445, 470, 494, 496,<br />

671–672, 683, 688, 691<br />

MWCO. See Molecular weight cut-off<br />

Nanofiltration (NF), 4, 13, 14, 26–28, 48,<br />

49, 51, 52, 57–59, 169, 203, 204,<br />

213, 239, 241–243, 247, 255–262,<br />

275, 278–279, 283–284, 286, 288,<br />

304–306, 340, 345, 348, 349,<br />

359–360, 365, 368, 373, 435,<br />

485–487, 576–577, 647, 650–653<br />

Nascent hollow fiber membranes in the air gap,<br />

60, 79, 80, 82–91, 94<br />

Natural gas industry, 34–35, 640<br />

Natural organic matter (NOM), 26–28, 105,<br />

206, 313, 467, 478–480, 488,<br />

490–492, 509, 627<br />

NDPT. See Non-destructive performance<br />

testing<br />

Need for an effective fouling characterization<br />

method, 103, 108, 128–129, 131, 132<br />

Neutralization, 2, 316, 323, 355, 378, 379,<br />

467–468, 542, 591, 594<br />

Newater plant, 24, 25, 434, 445, 456<br />

Newton, 85<br />

New York City Department of Environmental<br />

Protection (NYC DEP), 191, 193<br />

NF. See Nanofiltration<br />

Nitrate reduction<br />

assimilatory, 482<br />

biological, 226–227, 482<br />

dissimilatory, 482<br />

Nitrate removal, 26, 206, 208, 226, 265, 284,<br />

481–484, 492–494, 612, 613, 622, 623<br />

Nitric oxide (NO) reduction, 482<br />

Nitrification, 205, 208, 215, 226, 227, 323–324<br />

Nitrous oxide reduction (N 2O), 482

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