popper-logic-scientific-discovery

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appendix *vii 391 thus to a set of problems for which the theory offers some solution. (The same relativization will be relevant to the fine-structure of theories, and thus to their ‘goodness’.)
APPENDIX *viii Content, Simplicity, and Dimension As indicated earlier, 1 I do not believe in hampering <strong>scientific</strong> language by preventing the scientist from using freely, whenever it is convenient, new ideas, predicates, ‘occult’ concepts, or anything else. For this reason, I cannot support the various recent attempts to introduce into the philosophy of science the method of artificial calculi or ‘language systems’—systems supposed to be models of a simplified ‘language of science’. I believe that these attempts have not only been useless so far, but that they have even contributed to the obscurity and confusion prevalent in the philosophy of science. It has been briefly explained in section 38 and in appendix i that, had we (absolutely) atomic statements at our disposal—or what amounts to the same, (absolutely) atomic predicates—then we might introduce, as a measure of the content of a theory, the reciprocal of the minimum number of atomic statements needed for refuting that theory. For since the degree of content of a theory is the same as its degree of testability or refutability, the theory which is refutable by fewer atomic statements would also be the one which is the more easily refutable or testable, and thus the one with the greater content. (In brief, the 1 See section 38, especially the text after note 2 and my appendix i; also my second Preface, 1958.
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The Logic of Scientific Discovery
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Logik der Forschung first published
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CONTENTS Translators’ Note xii Pr
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contents ix 7 37 Logical Ranges. No
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iii Derivation of the First Form of
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translators’ note xiii In these n
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PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION, 1934
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There is nothing more necessary to
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preface, 1959 xix Language analysts
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xxii preface, 1959 perception or kn
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preface, 1959 xxiii essence of phil
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preface, 1959 xxv elaborate and fam
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS, 1960 and 1968 I wi
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1 A SURVEY OF SOME FUNDAMENTAL PROB
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a survey of some fundamental proble
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trivial; for metaphysics has usuall
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non-contradictory, a possible world
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2 ON THE PROBLEM OF A THEORY OF SCI
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on the problem of a theory of scien
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Part II Some Structural Components
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38 some structural components of a
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5 THE PROBLEM OF THE EMPIRICAL BASI
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10 CORROBORATION, OR HOW A THEORY S
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284 appendices it is connected with
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APPENDIX ii The General Calculus of
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288 appendices —we obtain from (2
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APPENDIX iii Derivation of the Firs
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292 appendices (6,1) αF″(σ´ m.
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294 appendices after effect) in the
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296 appendices (b) An analogous met
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298 appendices position), then we a
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300 appendices incoherent photons.
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302 appendices interposition of a f
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304 appendices wave-packets (obtain
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306 appendices slit. This angle φ
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308 appendices latter, if we use hi
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310 new appendices The first two of
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APPENDIX *i Two Notes on Induction
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314 new appendices statements’;*
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316 new appendices be the source fr
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318 new appendices with the help of
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320 new appendices logical interpre
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322 new appendices It is desirable
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324 new appendices operations—con
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326 new appendices (3) It will be a
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328 new appendices (7) The derivati
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330 new appendices There are three
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332 new appendices that is to say,
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334 new appendices invalid, and sho
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336 new appendices simplified syste
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338 new appendices The following co
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Page 371 and 372: 342 new appendices obtain p(a, c) =
Page 373 and 374: 344 new appendices The second examp
Page 375 and 376: 346 new appendices first consistenc
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Page 379 and 380: 350 new appendices B1 is violated b
Page 381 and 382: 352 new appendices always fill the
Page 383 and 384: 354 new appendices It should be men
Page 385 and 386: APPENDIX *v Derivations in the Form
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Page 393 and 394: 364 new appendices In order to prov
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Page 397 and 398: 368 new appendices the other axioms
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Page 403 and 404: APPENDIX *vii Zero Probability and
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Page 407 and 408: 378 new appendices (4) p(a) = lim p
Page 409 and 410: 380 new appendices The same point m
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Page 415 and 416: 386 new appendices ‘universe’
Page 417 and 418: 388 new appendices All this does no
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Page 425 and 426: 396 new appendices But formula (*)
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Page 431 and 432: APPENDIX *ix Corroboration, the Wei
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Page 453 and 454: 424 new appendices A THIRD NOTE ON
Page 455 and 456: 426 new appendices (3) P(a) = P(a,
Page 457 and 458: 428 new appendices behaviour of E a
Page 459 and 460: 430 new appendices either if δ is
Page 461 and 462: 432 new appendices statistical inte
Page 463 and 464: 434 new appendices them, there is a
Page 465 and 466: 436 new appendices statements e, f,
Page 467 and 468: 438 new appendices simply deceive o
Page 469 and 470: APPENDIX *x Universals, Disposition
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442 new appendices One can easily s
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444 new appendices statement such a
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446 new appendices more abstract. T
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448 new appendices natural laws see
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450 new appendices indirect proof.
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452 new appendices physical theory
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454 new appendices is deducible fro
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456 new appendices A little reflect
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458 new appendices differ (if at al
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460 new appendices the world. And a
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462 new appendices the phenomenalis
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APPENDIX *xi On the Use and Misuse
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466 new appendices a gravitational
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468 new appendices with, its co-ord
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470 new appendices based upon his f
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472 new appendices moving freely be
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474 new appendices of insuperable b
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476 new appendices Einstein.) The m
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478 new appendices photographic pla
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480 new appendices My impression is
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482 new appendices letter were to b
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484 new appendices statistical desc
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486 new appendices
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488 new appendices
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490 name index Carnap, R. 7n, 13n,
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492 name index Mises, R. 133, 135n,
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SUBJECT INDEX Italicized page numbe
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496 subject index Binomial formula
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498 subject index Cosmology, its pr
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500 subject index Empirical basis s
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502 subject index and ad hoc hypoth
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504 subject index 150&nt, see also
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506 subject index Modus Ponens 71n,
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508 subject index 319-20; indutive
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510 subject index 142&n, 154n, 174&
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512 subject index experiment 474-5,
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