programa "logosi"

daboloebuli saxelwodebani sxva Zveli berZnuli dasaxlebuli
punqtebisa (ÆAqh'nai / aTenai, Plataiaiv / plataiai, Potniaiv
/ potniai da a.S.), qalaqis mfarveli qalRmerTis saxelidan
unda iyos miRebuli. igi migvaniSnebs etimologiurad romaul
wyvilTan, libersa da liberasTan, dakavSirebul qalRmerT
elevTeraze (West 2007: 145). 5 am RmerTebis saxelebi, laTinuri
Liber (mamr. sq.) / Libera (md. sq.) da Zveli berZnuli jEleuvqera (md.
sq.), "Tavisufals" niSnavs. orive sityva miRebulia erTi da
imave saerTo-indo-evropuli zmnuri fuZidan da aRsdgeba
saerTo-indo-evropul doneze mniSvnelobiT "xalxi, Tavisufali
moqalaqe, Tavisufali". es amosavali saerTo-indoevropuli
sityva aris *h 1 leudheros, 6 romlidanac sxvadsxva indo-evropul
enaSi warmosdgeba xalxis, Tavisufali moqalaqis
an Tavisufalis aRmniSvneli sityvebi: Zveli inglisuri:
lēod "xalxi, eri", Zveli zemo germanuli: liut "xalxi, eri", Sua
saukuneebis laTinuri: leudis "Tavisufali moqalaqe", litvuri:
liáudis "xalxi", Zveli slavuri: ljudinǔ "Tavisufali moqalaqe",
laTinuri: līber "Tavisufali", Zveli berZnuli: ejleuvqero" "Tavisufali",
da sxva (Mallory and Adams 1997: 416).
martin vesti svams mniSvnelovan SekiTxvas: ratom unda
rqmeodaT antikur nayofierebis RvTaebebs _ libers, liberas
da elevTeras _ "Tavisufalis" semantikis Semcveli saxeli?
miseuli pasuxi efuZneba im garemoebas, rom saerTo-indoevropul
doneze sityva "Tavisufali" momdinareobs zmnidan
"zrda, gazrda" da am RvTaebaTa funqciac swored mcenareTa
zrdaze zrunva iyo (West 2007: 145). sakiTxis sruli suraTis
Sesaqmnelad gasaTvaliswinebelia agreTve erTi arsebiTi
garemoeba: saerTo-indo-evropul enaSi "zrdis, gazrdis, momatebis,
gavsebis" mniSvnelobis Semcveli zmnuri fuZeebidan
"xalxis" aRmniSvenli sityvis warmoeba, Cans, sakmaod Cveul
movlenas warmoadgenda: 7 1) *pleh 1 dhuéh 1 s (Sdr. Pokorny 1959: 799:
*plē-to-) "plebeebi, arawarCinebulTa klasi, ubralo xalxi"
5 martin vesti aq ar ganixilavs artemis elevTeras (ix. West 2007: 145; Usener
1929: 372).
6 winamdebare TemisTvis gadamwyveti mniSvneloba ar eniWeba imas, rom sxvadasxva
mkvlevari sxvadasxvagvarad aRadgens am fuZes saerTo-indoevropul
doneze. naSromSi pirobiTad mogvyavs rekonstruqciebi wignidan
Mallory and Adams 1997; moxmobili sityvis sxvagvari rekonstruqciebisaTvis
Sdr. Buck 1949: 19.44; Gamkrelidze, Ivanov 1995: 398; Pokorny 1959: 684-685.
7 dawvrilebiT ix. Mallory and Adams 1997: 416 Smd.
230