programa "logosi"

jemal SaraSeniZe
Sumeris saxelmwifo meurneobis GEME 2 kategoriis
muSaxelis socialuri mdgomareobis
garkvevisaTvis
mxedvelobaSi gvyavs uris mesame dinastiis droindeli
(Zv.w. 2132-2024 ww.) Sumeris saxelmwifo meurneobaSi dasaqmebuli
qalTa wre, romlis warmomadgenelTa aRsaniSnavadac
Sumerulenovani iuridiuli da sameurneo dokumentebi iyeneben
termins geme 2 . misi Sesabamisi ideogramis SAL-KUR, sityvasityviT
"qali ucxo qveynidan" grafikul-semantikuri analizi
unda miuTiTebdes im garemoebaze, rom aRniSnuli terminis
(SAL-KUR=geme 2 ) 1 Tavdapirveli mniSvneloba, mosalodnelia,
iyo "tyve qali". 2 mogvianebiT, sakuTriv ki uris mesame
dinastiis epoqaSi, aRniSnulma terminma SeiZina ufro farTe
mniSvneloba _ igi gulisxmobda sxvadasxva socialuri statusis
mqone pirebs, kerZod, rogorc damokidebul, daqvemdebarebul
mdgomareobaSi myof adamianebs, daaxloebiT ymuri
statusis mqoneebs, aseve Tavisuflebsac.
ZiriTadad damokidebulis, igive ymuri statusis mqone qalebi
igulisxmebian iuridiul dokumentebSi dadasturebuli
geme 2 terminis qveS. 3 maT gverdiT ir 11 "damokidebuli mamakaci,
yma" terminiT moxsenebuli mamakacebis msgavsad 4 gemeebsac
gaaCndaT feodaluri tipis sazogadoebisaTvis Cveuli daqvemdebarebuli
pirebisaTvis _ ymebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli
zogierTi ufleba, kerZod, sakuTrebisa da qorwinebis ufleba;
isini warmoadgendnen samarTlis subieqtebsa da ara samarTlis
obieqtebs da a.S.
rac Seexeba sameurneo Sinaarsis dokumentebs, maTSi termini
geme 2 gamoyenebulia zogadad muSa qalis aRsaniSnavad. Tu
terminis Sinaarss iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT mivudgebiT, davinaxavT,
rom igi mocemul SemTxvevaSi sruliadac ar gu-
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SaraSeniZe j., Sumeruli silabariumi, Tb., 2008, 125.
Falkenstein A., Die neusumerischen Gerichtsurkunden, I, München, 1956, 1956; Вайман
АА, Обозначение рабов и рабын в протошумерской письменности, ВДИ, 1974, № 2,
138-141.
Falkenstein A., op. cit., ## 35, 37, 50, 54, 68, 71, 85, 166, 175, 193, 198, 211.
maT Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT ix. SaraSeniZe j., Ir 11 kategoriis xalxi Sumerul
sazogadoebaSi, "analebi", 2000, # 1, 7-14.
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