Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Thursday August 15th Lectures
338 - Genetic Mapping of Phytophthora cinnamomi with
Microsatellite Fragment Length Polymorphisms
(MFLP)
M.P. Dobrowolski 1* , G.E.St.J. Hardy 1 , I.C. Tommerup 2 ,
B.L. Shearer 3 , I. Colquhoun 4 & P.A. O'Brien 1
1 School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,
Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia. -
2 Forestry and Forest Products, CSIRO Perth, PO Box 5,
Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia. - 3 Science and Information
Division, Department of Conservation and Land
Management, Como, WA, 6152, Australia. - 4 Alcoa World
Alumina Australia, Environmental Department, PO Box
252, Applecross, WA, 6153, Australia. - E-mail:
dobrowol@murdoch.edu.au
Phytophthora cinnamomi is a major oomycete pathogen of
an extensive range of mainly woody plants. We are
conducting genetic mapping of P. cinnamomi to localise
genes involved in pathogenicity. Because we are restricted
to analysing mapping populations of F1 hybrid progeny in
this diploid species, choosing an informative (i.e. highly
polymorphic) marker system for genetic mapping is
critical. Microsatellite loci are ideal markers for this
purpose. Their high polymorphism can be harnessed
without prior DNA sequence information of the subject
organism by a method called microsatellite fragment length
polymorphism (MLFP) (1). MFLP are analysed in a very
similar way to amplified fragment length polymorphisms
(AFLP). In our analyses of four F1 mapping populations of
P. cinnamomi progeny, we have detected between 1 and 4
informative loci per primer combination. We are in the
process of constructing a genetic map of the P. cinnamomi
genome with this data. 1. Yang, H., Sweetingham, M. W.,
Cowling, W. A., and Smith, P. M. C. (2001) DNA
fingerprinting based on microsatellite-anchored fragment
length polymorphisms, and isolation of sequence-specific
PCR markers in lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.).
Molecular Breeding 7:203-209.
339 - Introduction to the theory of metabolic (modelling
and) control. Application to the citric acid production
by Aspergillus niger
N.V. Torres
Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Bioquímica y B.M. Avda.
Asfco. Fco. Sánchez s/n 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Islas
Canarias, Spain. - E-mail: ntorres@ull.es
Analysis, control (and optimization) of biochemical
pathways requires mathematical modelling frameworks
that are able to integrate different types of data and to
capture the essence of complex systems. In this talk we will
introduce a modelling approach that provides such a
framework. It begins with the derivation of models from
basic concepts of metabolic modelling; introduces the
different types of system analysis, namely the stability,
sensitivity (or control) and dynamics analysis; illustrate the
parameter estimation techniques and finally, apply them to
the citric acid production by A. niger. Once the model has
been successfully tested and fine-tuned, we are provided
with a full, quantitative and unambiguous description of the
pathway behaviour, including its steady state control
structure and dynamics. This description can be used for
tasks that are otherwise difficult or impossible to execute.
One of such tasks is the optimization of the pathway with
respect to criteria that are not given by nature but defined
by human demand. But this is another history.
340 - Carbon metabolism in Aspergillus and Penicillium
J. Nielsen
Center for Process Biotechnology, Technical University of
Denmark, Building 223, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
- E-mail: jn@biocentrum.dtu.dk
Filamentous fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus and
Penicillium are used extensively in the fermentation
industry for production of a variety of products. These
products fall in many different industrial sectors: 1) food
additives, e.g. citric acid; 2) antibiotics, e.g. penicillin; 3)
high-value pharmaceuticals, e.g. statins; and 4) industrial
enzymes, e.g. amylases and xylanases. In the bioprocess
industry there is a trend towards applying specific
microbial strains for production of many different products.
Hereby optimisation of the function of these specific
strains can be harnessed for the production of many
different products. These plug-bugs include A. oryzae and
A. niger, which are both used extensively for production of
industrial enzymes, where a strong and tailor made
promoter structure is used to drive the production of the
enzyme of interest. Recently it has also been demonstrated
that P. chrysogenum can be used as plug-bug for
production of different b-lactams, e.g. penicillins and
adipoyl-7-ADCA. With the development of plug-bugs it is
of significant industrial interest to obtain fundamental
insight into the carbon metabolism of these organisms, as
well as to engineer the strains in order to redirect the
carbon fluxes towards the product of interest. In this
presentation several different techniques for analysis of the
central carbon metabolism in Aspergillus and Penicillium
will be presented.
341 - Regulation of catabolic fluxes and the energetics
of adaptive responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
F.I.C. Mensonides 1 , G.P.M.A. Hardy 2 , H.F. Tabak 2 , J.
Blom 3 & M.J. Teixeira de Mattos 1*
1 Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Dept Microbiol.,
University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018
WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. - 2 Laboratory of
Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of
Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The
Netherlands. - 3 Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences,
Micro-Array Division, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan
Book of Abstracts 107