Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme III: PATHOGENS AND NUISANCES, FOOD AND MEDICINE Posters
their being derived from an animal or streptomycete source
via horizontal gene transfer. To investigate trypsin
distribution, fragments from genomic DNA of 43
representative fungal species were amplified using
degenerate primers. The fragments contain a highly
conserved and diagnostic area for trypsins that includes the
active site His and Ser residues. Trypsin-like genes were
absent from most ascomycetes and had a very patchy
distribution in zygomycete and basidiomycete fungi. The
results were analyzed using sequence composition,
maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and distance
methods. They show that there are several lineages of
trypsins in fungi and that multiple gain and loss events
happened during the evolution of this gene family.
835 - Detect and diagnosis Monosporascus
cannonballus, the causal agent of muskmelon root
rot/vein decline, by PCR method
K.S. Huang 1* , P.-H. Wang 2 & Y.S. Lin 1
1 Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing
University, 250, Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan. -
2 Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, 70,
Lin-Hsi Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. - E-mail:
pathogen@ms17.hinet.net
In Taiwan, root rot and vine decline became a growthlimited
factor of muskmelon and watermelon since 1994.
The causal agent was Monosporascus cannonballus, a
soilborne pathogen. This species is notoriously difficult to
identify, it lacks a conidial stage, perithecia form only after
3 to 4 weeks in culture, and the ascospores do not
germinate under standard laboratory conditions. The
isolates often fail to produce perithecia in culture, making
their identification impossible. We detected the pathogen
using a PCR-based method, which developed by Lovic et
al. A 430-bp DNA product was amplified from M.
cannonballus isolates of Taiwan, and the product was
obtained from symptomatic muskmelon and other
cucurbitaceous plants collected from fields. No PCR
product was obtained from the plants without symptoms.
The fungus could be detected during the growing seasons.
The method is being used to detect and monitor the
pathogen on different cucurbitaceous plants and varieties
for the selection of the disease resistance/tolerance
rootstock.
836 - The influence of the biopreparation Supresivit
(Trichoderma harzianum) in the mixture with inorganic
fertilizers on cereals
J. Hýsek * , J. Brozová & M. Vach
Research Institute of Crop Production, Drnovská 507,
Praque 6, 161 06, Czech Republic. - E-mail:
hysek@vurv.cz
The influence of the treatment with the biopreparation
Supresivit (Trichoderma harzianum) in the mixture with
mineral fertilizers (NPK, LAV - ammonium nitrate with
limestone ) was studied. The optimal dose of the
biopreparate was 0.5 g per 1 kg of the fertilizer. The
infestation of leaf and ear pathogen of winter wheat
(septorioses and fusarioses) and on spring barley
(rhynchosporioses and helminthosporioses) decreased. The
yield was also increased (approximately about 5-8%). It
was due to the decrease of leaf and ear spot fungal
diseases.
837 - Mycotoxines of the genus Fusarium on spring
barley and the protection against them
J. Hýsek 1* , J. Brozová 1 , M. Vánová 2 , J. Hajslová 3 & S.
Sykorova 1
1 RICP, Drnovská 507, Praque 6, 161 06, Czech Republic. -
2 Agricultural Research Institute, Ltd., Havlíckova 2787,
Kromeríz, Czech Republic. - 3 Institue of Chemical
Technology, Technická 3, Praque 6, 166 28, Czech
Republic. - E-mail: hysek@vurv.cz
Spring barley (varieties: Akcent, Amulet, Kompakt,
Nordus, Olbram and Tolar) was cultivated after pre-crops:
sugar-beet, cereals and Maize. We infected artificially
named varieties with the isolate of Fusarium culmorum
which produced deoxynivalenol and other trichothecene
mycotoxines. After artificial infection we studied the
spectrum of the genus Fusarium. Introduced Fusarium
culmorum was isolated only in little amount. The genus of
Fusarium tricinctum prevailed, less occurrence had the
genus of Fusarium poae. Some strains of Fusarium
culmorum differed in the production of mycotoxines in the
mycelium and in young plants (age 5 years). Maximal
yields were evaluated after pre-crop of sugar beet (6.2 t/ha)
the second one was the maize (5.25 t/ha) and the last there
were cereals (4.39 t/ha). The treatment with the fungicide
Folicur BT increased the yield about 25.7%, other one with
Charisma increased the yield about 19.8 (application in the
phase of flowering). The lowest occurrence of
contaminated grain after pre-crop of sugar beet (20.5%),
the highest one was after pre-crop maize (34%).
838 - Diversity of Fusarium spp. isolates from the wheat
and rice growing areas of rice-wheat cropping system of
Punjab, Pakistan: Isolation, pathogenicity and RAPDs
analysis
S. Iram 1* , J. Cullum 1 & I. Ahmad 2
1 University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany. -
2 National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad,
Pakistan. - E-mail: iramshazia@hotmail.com
Surveys were conducted for the assessment of leaf and root
diseases of wheat and rice crops in main rice-wheat
cropping areas, namely Gujranwala, Sheikhupura, Sialkot
Book of Abstracts 251