Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme II: SYSTEMATICS, PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTION Posters
647 - Molecular phylogeny of ascomycetes from the
Helotiales
J. Collado 1* , V. Rubio 2 , R. Galán 3 , G. Platas 1 , F. Arenal 2 ,
V. González 2 , J. Sánches-Ballesteros 2 , M. Villareal 2 , H.-O.
Baral 4 & F. Peláez 1
1 Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck Research
Laboratories, Merck Sharp & Dohme de España S.A.,
Josefa Valcárcel 38, Madrid 28027, Spain. -
2 Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro
Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus
Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid
28049, Spain. - 3 Departamento de Biología Vegetal,
Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de
Henares (Madrid) 28871, Spain. - 4 Blaihofstr. 42, D-
72074 Tübingen, Germany. - E-mail:
javier_colladomartinez@merck.com
This work presents a preliminary assessment of the
phylogenetic relationships among species in the Helotiales
based on rDNA sequence analysis. Except for the
Sclerotiniaceae, the Helotiales have not been subjected to
extensive molecular phylogenetic studies. We have
analyzed the sequences of the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 region from
more than 100 strains corresponding at least to 42 species
in the Hyaloscyphaceae and 32 in the Helotiaceae, with a
special emphasis on the genera Lachnum and
Hymenoscyphus. In addition, a subset of the species has
been subjected to sequence analysis of the D1-D2 region of
the 28s rRNA gene. The result of the cladistic analysis
confirmed the heterogeneity of the taxa defined within the
two families. The topology did not support the current
morphology-based classification schemes of some of the
taxa examined. In particular, a significant degree of
incongruity was evident for several species in the genus
Hymenoscyphus and less notably for Lachnum spp. The
results are discussed in comparison with the morphological
characters used to define taxa within the two families
studied. The suitability of the ITS region for phylogenetic
analysis of this heterogeneous group of fungi is also
discussed.
648 - Lumping Tricholoma sulphureum and T.
bufonium?
O. Comandini 1* , I. Haug 2 , A.C. Rinaldi 3 & T.W. Kuyper 4
1
Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università
dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, Loc. Coppito, I-67100 L'Aquila,
2
Italy. - Spezielle Botanik, Mykologie, Universität
Tübingen, auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-72076 Tübingen,
Germany. - 3 Cattedra di Chimica Biologica, Dipartimento
di Scienze Mediche Internistiche, Università di Cagliari, I-
09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. - 4 Department of
Environmental Sciences, Section Soil Quality, Wageningen
University, P.O. Box 8005, NL-6700 EC Wageningen, The
Netherlands. - E-mail: comandin@univaq.it
196
Book of Abstracts
The taxonomical status of Tricholoma bufonium, generally
considered a rare species, has been a matter of discussion
for a long time, some authors questioning the validity itself
of the taxon and claiming that it is actually a mere variant
of the closely related T. sulphureum. Others accept T.
bufonium as a valid species on the basis of the constancy of
the features distinguishing it from T. sulphureum, although,
admittedly, intermediary forms exist. The two 'species' are
clearly depicted in colour by some authors. We report the
complete morpho-anatomical and molecular
characterisation of the naturally occurring ECM type
formed on silver fir by Tricholoma bufonium, as classified
by sporocarp features. Molecular information has also been
obtained for T. bufonium sporocarps collected on silver fir
and oak and for fruitbodies classified as T. sulphureum
collected on spruce and chestnut. Our data show that both
ITS and LSU sequences were virtually identical in
sporocarps referred to T. sulphureum and T. bufonium on
the basis of colouration. However, strains from conifers
and broad-leaved trees are to some extent different in
sequence data. The taxonomic and ecological implications
of our findings, together with already published
information, notably the anatomical characteristics of T.
sulphureum ECM on spruce, will be discussed.
649 - Cryptic speciation, evolution and morphological
plasticity in metalliferous Acarospora (lichenised
Ascomycota)
A.T. Crewe 1* , O.W. Purvis 2 & M. Wedin 1
1 Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå
University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. - 2 Department of
Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road,
London SW7 5BD, U.K. - E-mail: anna.crewe@eg.umu.se
The Acarospora smaragdula (Wahlenb.) A. Massal. and A.
rugulosa Körb. species complexes are excellent models for
studying the pattern of evolution and adaptation in a group
where traditional taxonomic interpretation is complicated,
and where molecular phylogeny can be utilised to
investigate and test hypotheses of the evolution of
morphological / anatomical traits. We are investigating the
molecular phylogeny of populations of the Acarospora
smaragdula and A. rugulosa complexes, to enable
description of the pattern of evolution of metalliferous
lichens in these groups, and to test the hypothesis that
morphologically ± well-characterised taxa occurring on
different metalliferous substrates are phylogenetic species.
Here, we will present preliminary results from a pilot study
focussing on A. smaragdula s. lat. and A. sinopica
(Wahlenb.) Körb., utilizing well-known loci where fungalspecific
PCR-primers are readily available (the nuclear ITS
rDNA and mitochondrial SSU rDNA). Future directions,
including extended phylogenies with additional markers,
studies of the localisation and accumulation of metals in
the lichens utilizing light microscopy, confocal scanning
microscopy, SEM, mineralogical techniques and electron
probe microanalysis, are briefly discussed.