Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme IV: POPULATION DYNAMICS AND ECOLOGY Posters
fresh ruminal digesta = 5.31. MPN values obtained from
fresh faeces, frozen faeces and fresh ruminal digesta were
similar (P > 0.05). The mean values from faecal and
ruminal samples of 3 cattle for different substrates were as
follow; glucose = 5.11; cellobiose = 5.23; xylan = 4.75;
wheat straw = 5.53 and cellulose = 5.11. Wheat straw gave
significantly (P < 0.05) higher viable counts than glucose,
xylan and cellulose. Population densities, obtained when
glucose, cellulose and xylan used, were similar (P> 0.05).
1020 - Ectomycorrhizal fungal dynamics of one- and
two-year-old Norway spruce seedlings after planting to
mounded forest clear-cut
T. Pennanen 1* & J. Heiskanen 2
1 Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa Research
Centre, P.O.B. 18, 01301 Vantaa, Finland. - 2 Suonenjoki
Research Station, 77600 Suonenjoki, Finland. - E-mail:
taina.pennanen@metla.fi
Container Norway spruce seedlings were planted on two
clearcut and mounded Myrtillus type sites in Central
Finland. Seedlings were planted on mounds and on
untreated spots between mounds. Seedlings were sampled
before and one and two growing seasons after planting for
detailed measurement of root and shoot attributes and for
morphological and molecular characterization of
ectomycorrhiza (ECM) in roots grown out into the soil.
Different morphological groups were subsampled for PCR-
DGGE analysis of 18S rRNA gene region in order to
separate ECM in detail. During the first growing season,
one-year old seedlings grew better in shoot height than the
two-year-old. However, root egress from containers into
the surrounding soil was greater in the two-year-old
seedlings during both first and second summer after
planting. The outgrown root length and the number of root
tips per length were greater on mounds than on untreated
spots. Totally 17 different morphotypes were observed and
6 of them were present in all treatments. Neither age of the
seedling nor duration in the field did affect the richness of
ECM morphotypes but there was a clear temporal shift in
the proportions of 3 major morphotypes. The smooth white
type was the most dominant morphotype before outplanting
but almost disappeared in two years in the field. In
contrast, the proportion of the smooth brown type increased
up to 58-78% after two years. The smooth dark brown type
increased especially on mounds.
1021 - Pleurotus spp. characterization by microsatellitebased
DNA fingerprinting
P. Rapanà 1* , A. Rubini 2 & F. Di Mario 1
1 CNR IBAF - IBESM, Area della Ricerca di Roma, Via
Salaria km 29.300; 00016 Monterotondo Sc. (Roma), Italy.
- 2 CNR IRMGPF, Via della Madonna Alta n.130, 06128
Perugia, Italy. - E-mail: pompilio.rapana@mlib.cnr.it
308
Book of Abstracts
Characterizing fungal species and varieties through
microsatellite is a powerful approach to evaluate
biodiversity and genetic relationships among populations.
Four ISSR (inter simple sequence repeats) primers have
been utilized to characterize fungal species and varieties
among Pleurotus genus. Five strains of each
species/varieties (P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, P. eryngii var.
ferulae, P. eryngii var. nebrodensis) have been analyzed
and ISSR data were subject to cluster analysis performed
with UPGMA method using Dice and Jaccard coefficients.
This analysis clearly showed two distinctive cluster, one
related to P. ostreatus and one to P. eryngii var. ferulae,
whereas less clear relationships appeared between P.
eryngii and P. eryngii var. nebrodensis. Further
investigation are in progress to analyze additional
Pleurotus strains and to test different ISSR primers as well
as to identify microsatellite-containing amplicons.
1022 - The polymorphic nature of the rRNA LSU gene
of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spores
A. Rodriguez 1* , J.C. Dodd 2 & J.P. Clapp 3
1 University of Hohenheim, Universität Hohenheim (340),
D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. - 2 Sittingbourne Enterprise
Hub, Sittingbourne Research Centre, Sittingbourne, Kent
ME9 8AG, U.K. - 3 University of Kent at Canterbury,
Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K. - E-mail: aliarodr@unihohenheim.de
Sequencing of ribosomal RNA genes has been extensively
exploited in attempts to identify and determine
phylogenetic relationships and genetic heterogeneity of
AMF. The heterogeneity of rRNA genes within single
spores and isolates of AMF has been recognised for several
years, however the magnitude of this variation has been
ignored in most taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses.
Sequence diversity has crucial implications for the
interpretation of AMF biodiversity and the species concept
in these fungi. We report here the first investigation of
genetic diversity in AMF where variation has been
assessed using sample sizes of several hundred sequences.
The study concentrated on a well characterised species of
AMF, Glomus coronatum, but also included three other
Glomus species with similar spore morphologies. In total
435 clones containing the LSU D2 regions from 7 isolates
of G. coronatum (80% of isolates currently available) as
well as isolates of Glomus mosseae, Glomus geosporum
and Glomus constrictum, were screened for sequence
variation using a PCR-single strand conformational
polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique. The variation
encountered was higher than expected, 138 representative
sequences were obtained and analysis indicated that most
were unique. This variation could not be attributed to DNA
polymerase or cloning artefacts. Implications for the
species concept in AMF, the use of rRNA sequences to
estimate biodiversity and in situ detection in field ecology
are discussed.