Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

More documents

Recommendations

Info

IMC7 Main Congress Theme IV: POPULATION DYNAMICS AND ECOLOGY Posters maintained. All the three AM fungus species (Gigaspora margarita, Glomus fasciculatum and Glomus mosseae) used in experiment promoted the growth of cabbage seedlings significantly. However, the level of the promotion varied among the three species. These results suggest that the existence of AM fungus in the rhizosphere improves the soil condition for plant growth, and it provides a new approach for the plant-AM fungus symbiotic system. 929 - Interactive effects of nutrient applications and arbuscular mychorrhizal colonization on little bluestem grass (Schizachyrium scoparium) H. Antonsen 1* , R.C. Anderson 2 , S.A. Juliano 2 & S.S. Dhillion 1 1 Department of Biology and Nature Conservation, Agricultural University of Norway, Postbox 5014, N-1432 Aas, Norway. - 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Campus box 4120, Normal, Illinois 61790-4120, U.S.A. - E-mail: hilde.antonsen@ibn.nlh.no A manipulative field study was conducted in 1985 to evaluate the impacts of supplemental nutrients (N, P, K and Ca+Mg) on little bluestem grass (Schizachyrium scoparium) with a high (20.2 ±1.6%) or low (2.6 ±0.7%) level of colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Low-colonized plants were grown in autoclaved soil and outplanted into fumigated soil in the field, while high-colonized plants were grown in unsterilized soil and outplanted into unfumigated field soil. Originally, data were analyzed by multiple univariate analyses of variance. Previous conclusions drawn from these analyses were that bases (Ca+Mg) were the limiting nutrients in this system. A reanalysis of the data was performed by means of multivariate statistics. New interpretations suggest that P was the limiting nutrient in this system, since application of P increased growth of S. scoparium when AMF colonization was low. However, no effect of P application on growth was found for plants with high levels of colonization. This interaction is explained by the cost of having a fungal partner. Thus, in this sand prairie system AMF restricts growth of S. scoparium. In addition, application of bases enhanced AMF colonization under natural conditions. 930 - Phytopathological characteristics and environmental impact on the different fungi of the Gaeumannomyces/Phialophora (G/P) complex C. Augustin * , K. Ulrich & A. Werner ZALF, Dep. of Land Use Systems and Landscape Ecology, Eberswalder Str. 84, D-15374 Muencheberg, Germany. - E-mail: caugustin@zalf.de The G/P complex contains fungi that cause take-all diseases on cereals as well as apathogenic fungi. To study 280 Book of Abstracts the interactions of different groups, about 2000 isolates from numerous geographic locations in Germany were differentiated into species and varieties as well as on the intravarietal level using RAPDs. Based on this strain collection, the phytopathological behaviour of representative isolates was evaluated on several cereal varieties. Beside differences between species and varieties we found a high variation in aggressiveness, especially to wheat, among isolates of var. tritici. Whereas one RAPD group of the var. tritici consisted exclusively of high pathogenic isolates, the other one contained pathogenic, apathogenic and even growth promoting isolates. In order to predict the potential risk of take-all it is necessary to analyse both the composition of the G/P fungi population and the impact of different environmental factors on the abundance of respective fungal groups. In our study we monitored spatial occurrence and distribution of species, varieties and subgroups of the G/P-complex as a function of soil variables, weather conditions and crop rotation over 4 years. Data show that the various fungi analysed displayed clearly different claims concerning environmental factors. Actual weather and several soil parameters were determined as the most important discriminating influences. Results may provide a useful basis for detailed improvement of prognostic models. 931 - The direct effect of nitrogen as a mechanism for change in ectomycorrhizal fungal communities P.G. Avis, D.J. McLaughlin * , I. Charvat & P. Reich University of Minnesota, Plant Biological Sciences Graduate Program, 220 Biosciences Center, 1445 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul MN 55108, U.S.A. - E-mail: davem@tc.umn.edu The mechanisms causing shifts in ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities exposed to increased nitrogen (N) by atmospheric deposition or fertilization are not understood. The effects of N increase could be direct, or could be due to ancillary effects such as altered pH or a change in limiting nutrients. This study examines the direct effects of increased N by examining the response of EMF communities to a 16-year fertilization experiment in an oak savanna. The experiment consists of two levels of nitrogen fertilization (5 and 17 g N m -2 yr -1 ) and unfertilized plots. Each fertilization treatment also receives equal background levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, and S added to offset ancillary effects of N. Fertilization has increased soil N, held pH constant and not caused limitation by other nutrients. Meanwhile, fertilization 1) decreased the abundance of aboveground EMF sporocarps for all species except Russula amoenolens (which increased 7 fold); 2) held belowground EMF richness constant as measured by morphotype and PCR-RFLP methods; but 3) altered the dominant fungi in the EMF communities: Unfertilized EMF communities are dominated by species with extensive external hyphae, notably Cortinarius species, while heavily fertilized communities are dominated by those that lack external hyphae, primarily R. amoenolens. These data show that the direct effect of N addition may be the driving mechanism behind the dramatic shifts in EMF communities in ecosystems that experience N deposition.
IMC7 Main Congress Theme IV: POPULATION DYNAMICS AND ECOLOGY Posters 932 - Ligninolytic enzymes and biodegradation during the interactions of white-rot fungi and soil microorganisms P. Baldrian Institute of Microbiology AS CR, Videnska 1083, CZ- 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic. - E-mail: baldrian@biomed.cas.cz White-rot fungi are able to degrade lignin and related compounds. Under natural conditions, the process occurs in the presence of other microorganisms. Introduction of microorganisms to liquid cultures of Trametes versicolor led to the increase of activity of the ligninolytic enzyme laccase. High increase was achieved with soil fungi Trichoderma harzianum (2810% of control), Penicillium rugulosum (1940%), Fusarium reticulatum (1690%), Cephalosporium sphaerospermum (840%), and Humicola grisea (480%). The increase was lower after addition of bacteria - Escherichia coli (310%) and Bacillus subtilis (190%), or the yeast Endomyces magnusii (220%). After one-week cultivation with Trichoderma harzianum, the mycelium of T. versicolor was killed, which was accompanied by the decrease of Mn-peroxidase activity. Increase of laccase activity is a common response - it was found also in the white-rot fungi Abortiporus biennis, Coriolopsis occidentalis, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Trametes hirsuta. It might be involved in active defence, since some products of laccase exhibit antimicrobial activities. Increase of laccase activity correlated with the increase of decolorization of the synthetic dye Remazol brilliant blue R. It seems, that interspecific interactions can affect the biodegradative activity of white-rot fungi in situ. This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Academy of Sciences (B5020202). 933 - Population structure of Ceratocystis fimbriata from Congo, Colombia and Uruguay, determined using microsatellite markers I. Barnes 1* , J. Roux 1 , B.D. Wingfield 2 & M.J. Wingfield 1 1 University of Pretoria, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, 74 Lunnon Road, FABI, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa. - 2 University of Pretoria, FABI, Department of Genetics, 74 Lunnon Road, FABI, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa. - E-mail: irene.barnes@fabi.up.ac.za Ceratocystis fimbriata is a haploid ascomycete that causes serious diseases on a wide range of plants, world-wide. Very little is known regarding the population biology or origin of this important pathogen. The aim of this study was to use 11 polymorphic PCR-based microsatellite markers previously designed for C. fimbriata, to examine the population structure and genetic diversity for different populations of C. fimbriata. Populations consisting of 32 isolates from each of Congo, Colombia and 22 from Uruguay were studied. High genetic diversities for all populations were observed (H = 0.48-0.31; G = 24-48%). Colombia was the most diverse population consisting of 82% of the total, and 53% of the unique, alleles. Genetic differentiation between populations was great (GST= 0.39) and minimal gene flow was observed (Nm = 0.77). I A, PTLPT, and linkage disequilibrium tests to determine mode of reproduction showed little evidence for recombination within populations. C. fimbriata appears to reproduce primarily without outcrossing. UPGMA dendrograms showed that the Colombian population was more distantly related to the Congo and Uruguay populations than they were to each other. Some of the groups in the Colombian and Uruguay populations were genetically similar to isolates from the Congo. Results of this study show that African isolates of C. fimbriata originated in Latin America. Moreover, evidence indicates that Latin America is also a likely area of origin for C. fimbriata. 934 - Studies in the life cycle of Puccinia glechomatis J.B. Boellmann & M.S. Scholler * Purdue University, Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Arthur & Kriebel Herbaria, Lilly Hall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A. - E-mail: scholler@purdue.edu Puccinia glechomatis DC. is a microcyclic rust fungus on Glechoma spp. (Lamiaceae) forming only telia and basidia (spore states III, IV). The species is a native of Eurasia but naturalized in North America where it is spreading since the early 1990s. We studied the life cycle of the species by propagating the fungus on G. hederacea (ground-ivy) in the greenhouse, by various inoculation and germination techniques and by using the light microscope. Nuclear conditions were documented by epifluorescence microscopy and DAPI as DNA specific fluorochrome. The complete life cycle requires c. 20 d. After karyogamy in teliospores both cells germinate with a phragmobasidium. In basidia meiosis produces four nuclei, which move in the developing basidiospores. Further mitosis in the basidiospore may result in up to four nuclei. All but one nucleus degenerates during germination of the basidiospore. The germ tube penetrates the epidermis on the upper leaf surface and develops a rich haploid mycelium especially around stomata. Fusion of haploid hyphae occurs could not be documented. Our studies indicate that the fungus is homothallic. 935 - Preliminary study of NE Portugal's macrofungal communities S.M. Branco * & A.P. Rodrigues Parque Natural de Montesinho/Instituto da Conservação da Natureza, Apartado 90, 5301 Bragança, Portugal. - Email: sarabranco@yahoo.com Book of Abstracts 281
Page 1 and 2:
IMC7 Book of Abstracts The 7th Inte
Page 3 and 4:
11-17 August 2002 IMC7 The imc7 Org
Page 5 and 6:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures Am
Page 7 and 8:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures 12
Page 9 and 10:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures Ph
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures KR
Page 15 and 16:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures di
Page 17 and 18:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures re
Page 19 and 20:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures ph
Page 21 and 22:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures st
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures of
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures of
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures 9
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures q
Page 39 and 40:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures e
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures w
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures s
Page 51 and 52:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures T
Page 53 and 54:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures g
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures i
Page 61 and 62:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures a
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures s
Page 67 and 68:
IMC7 Wednesday August 14th Lectures
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
IMC7 Thursday August 15th Lectures
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures 34
Page 111 and 112:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures ha
Page 113 and 114:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures in
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures po
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures Lo
Page 127 and 128:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures co
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures ar
Page 135 and 136:
IMC7 Friday August 16th Lectures tr
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVE
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
IMC7 Main Congress Theme II: SYSTEM
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230: IMC7 Main Congress Theme II: SYSTEM
Page 241 and 242: IMC7 Main Congress Theme III: PATHO
Page 279: IMC7 Main Congress Theme IV: POPULA
Page 283 and 284: IMC7 Main Congress Theme IV: POPULA
Page 323 and 324: IMC7 Main Congress Theme V: CELL BI
Page 331 and 332:
IMC7 Main Congress Theme V: CELL BI
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Cavernularia: 356 Cenococcum: 500,
Page 369 and 370:
Hyalorbilia: 479 Hyalorhinocladiell
Page 371 and 372:
Phlebopus: 828 Pholiota: 304, 515 P
Page 373 and 374:
Verrucaria: 616 Verruculina: 963 Ve
Page 375 and 376:
Order Index Agaricales: 40, 50, 51,
Page 377 and 378:
Bogomolova, E.V.: 1078 Bohar, Gy.:
Page 379 and 380:
Forlani, G.: 565 Forsby, A.: 842, 8
Page 381 and 382:
Juuti, J.T.: 701, 1126 Kabrick, J.M
Page 383 and 384:
Morocko, I.: 859 Moser, J.C.: 426,
Page 385 and 386:
Sattayaphisut, W.: 1171 Saunders, E
Page 387 and 388:
Vukojevic, J.: 363 Vurro, M.: 116 V
show all

Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?