Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

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IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters systematic observations are completely lacking. The aim of this contribution is to present a new project, which may be important for considerations on distribution and diversity of fungi in European mountains. The systematic research, carried out throughout two growing seasons so far, has been focused mainly on lower mountain belts, but observations in dwarf pine communities and alpine meadows have also been done. After only two years of study, the number of fungi recorded from this area increased considerably and some very interesting and rare taxa were found. The most interesting recent findings will be presented e.g. Mycena oregonensis, Entoloma farinogustus and other. 545 - Macroscopic basidiomycetes of Sevan National Park (Armenia) S.G. Nanagulyan * & A.L. Sirunyan Yerevan State University, Department of Botany, A.Manoogyan str.1, Yerevan, 375025, Armenia. - E-mail: snanagulyan@ysu.am Sevan National Park was established in 1978 to protect largest in Armenia and one of the largest alpine lake in the world, lake Sevan and the surrounding areas. Overall 150.100 ha are protected, including 24.800 ha of dry land. It is located between many of mountain ranges, at the 1897-2100 m above sea level. The aim of this investigation is to study the composition of the macroscopic fungies communities of the Sevan National Park. Special attention is paid to the biodiversity of edible, poisonous and medicinal mushrooms. As a material for this investigation was the collection of fungi gathered in different part of Sevan National Park, as well as critically treated collections of the Republic's herbariums and all other literature data. As a result of the preliminary investigation and special studies of macrofungi's biota in Sevan National Park, 186 species and subspecific taxa from 10 orders, 30 families and 84 genera of Gasteromycetes, Aphyllophoroid and Agaricoid mushrooms are identified. The biota is characterized by the domination of xylotrophs, humus saprotrophs and mycorrhizal fungi. There are also very interesting and specific species for this region, some of which are rare or endangered and have to be including in Armenian Red List. New approaches to the investigation and further theoretical study in this field are required. New approaches to the investigation and further theoretical study in this field are required. 166 Book of Abstracts 546 - Mushrooms in Mongolia H. Neda Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 4-11-16, Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-0862, Japan. - E-mail: neda@affrc.go.jp Mongolia is an nation located between China and Siberia. The climate is cold and dry. The steppe and the foreststeppe occupy approx. 60% of the land. And the forest occupy approx. 10% of the land. One hundred and eighty eight mushroom specimens were collected and thirty three species were identified. Mushrooms in steppe decompose humus, dung and litter. Tricholoma monogolicum Imai is the most famous species in Mongolian steppe. This species grows on humus and forms fairy ring. Several species of Agaricus are common in the steppe. The forest vegetation consists Pinus, Larix, Betula, Populus and other trees. There are many species of mushroom (Lentinus, Amanita, Suillus, Russula, Polyporus, etc.) in the forest. Most of them are similar to European and northern Japanese species. 547 - The Douglas-fir epigeous ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete community in the western North American Northern Spotted Owl zone L.L. Norvell 1* & R.L. Exeter 2 1 Pacific Northwest Mycology Service, 6720 NW Skyline Blvd, Portland OR 97229, U.S.A. - 2 USDI-Bureau of Land Management, 1717 Fabry Rd SE, Salem OR 97306, U.S.A. - E-mail: llnorvell@pnw-ms.com A joint private/USA government research team is tracking fungal species richness in montane Oregon Douglas-fir forests in two different 1998-2003 studies. Target species include all 'epi-ecto' basidiomycetes + 40 other non-ecto species flagged in the US federal Northwest Forest Plan. A chronosequence study incorporates replicate 200 m 2 permanent strip transects in 25-, 55-, and 150-year old stands sampled every 2 weeks during fall & spring fruiting seasons. The density management study comprises adjacent 65-year old stands thinned in 1999 following 5 different regimes: untreated (^450 trees/ha), thinned (3 stands with ^300, ^200, or ^100 residual trees/ha), or regeneration-cut (0 residual trees/ha). During the first 4 years, 280 (chrono) and 211 (density) target species have been identified from a total of 4,100 collections and 515 total (322 target) species. Agaricales comprise ^70%, Russulales ^20%, Gomphales ^5%, Boletales ^3%, and Cantharellales 1.5% of the target species total. Cortinariaceae comprise ^84% of the Agaricales; Cortinarius, Inocybe, Russula and Phaeocollybia represent the most species-rich target genera. After thinning, density study post/pre-treatment stand species richness ratios were significantly depressed only in the two most heavily thinned stands. Absence of modern PNW monographs has dictated frequent identification re-evaluation and led to development of
IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters temporary identification keys based on individual research papers and extralimital monographs. 548 - Fungal community analysis using environmental genomics H.E. O'Brien 1 , J.A. Jackson 1 , J.E. Johnson 2 , J.L. Parrent 1 , J.-M. Moncalvo 1* & R. Vilgalys 1 1 Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, U.S.A. - 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Cameron University, Lawson OK 23505, U.S.A. - E-mail: jeanmarc@duke.edu We applied culture-independent methods developed for bacteria to assess fungal community diversity across three different forest types within the Duke Forest without relying on fruitbody collections. Samples representing litter, O, A, and B soil horizons were investigated by direct DNA extraction from 50 pooled samples and cloning of DNA libraries from PCR fragments for both variable (ITS) and conserved (18S) regions within the rDNA genes. Ca. 1600 ITS sequences were produced and sorted using BLAST searches. ITS sequences with > 80% similarity to fungal groups for which extensive taxonomic databases are already available were further analyzed phylogenetically. Two hundred 18S sequences were produced, and a global phylogenetic analysis was conducted to place them in a broader framework within Eukarya. Results showed that species diversity is extremely high, with a large proportion of unique sequence types. Fungi, especially ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes, comprise 50-75% of eukaryotic diversity in all samples. We are currently in the process of developing automated databasing and bioinformatic tools to improve our ability to characterize fungal communities. Given the relative ease of sequence data collection, these tools should enable cross-platform comparisons of microbial biodiversity studies, including functional ecology and changes in microbial communities. 549 - Studies in Rocky Mountain alpine Laccaria (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) T.W. Osmundson * & C.L. Cripps Montana State University, Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, 119 Ag-Biosciences Building, Bozeman, MT 59717, U.S.A. - E-mail: two@gemini.oscs.montana.edu Documenting the diversity of gilled fungi in the North American alpine zone is a primary goal of the National Science Foundation Biotic Surveys and Inventories - sponsored Rocky Mountain Alpine Mycota project. As part of this project, a detailed study of the genus Laccaria was conducted using material collected at field sites above treeline in four mountain ranges located in the central and northern Rocky Mountains. Several Laccaria species are common components of the alpine mycota, appearing to be important ectomycorrhizal symbionts of the alpine dwarf willows Salix reticulata and S. arctica and shrub willows S. planifolia and S. glauca. Four taxa were identified on the basis of macro- and micromorphological characters: L. montana, L. pumila, L. cf. bicolor, and L. cf. laccata var. pallidifolia. Of these taxa, L. montana is reported only from the northern Rocky Mountain alpine sites, L. cf. bicolor and L. cf. laccata var. pallidifolia only from the central Rocky Mountains, and L. pumila from all four mountain ranges. L. proxima, collected at a subalpine site close to the northern field sites and in association with Salix shrubs, was not found above treeline. Ribosomal ITS DNA sequences are being analyzed to study biogeographic and phylogenetic patterns. The taxonomy, distributions, and ecology of Rocky Mountain alpine Laccaria species will be discussed. 550 - Ribosomal DNA PCR-RFLP analysis of anaerobic fungi isolated from rumen and faeces E. Ozkose 1* , D.R. Davies 2 , M.S. Ekinci 1 & G.W. Griffith 3 1 Sutcu Imam University, Animal Science Department, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. - 2 Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Animal Science department, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, U.K. - 3 University of Wales Aberystwyth, Biological Sciences, Aberystwyth, SY23 3BY, U.K. - E-mail: eozkose@ksu.edu.tr Anaerobic fungi inhabit in the digestive tract of most herbivores and they can be isolated from gastro intestinal tact and faeces of these animals. In this study we aimed to identify anaerobic fungi by PCR-RFLP analysis of ITS region. Fresh, frozen (1 month) and fresh rumen digesta of 3 cows were used as fungal source. Fungal cultures (n=198 tubes) from highest dilution series of most probable number (MPN) technique, which gives rise to axenic cultures proliferate from a single cell in the lowest level of dilution, were used as DNA source. Primers ITS1F (CTT GGT CAT TTA GAG GAA GTA A) and BlastITS4 (TCC TCC GCT TAT TAA TAT GC) were used for PCR amplification. Successfully amplified samples (133/198) produced a single PCR product with ca 960 bp therefore it was not possible to identify the isolate at even genus level using size of the ITS region alone. Using of restriction enzyme DraI, which digested all samples at least once, gave rise to 12 different ribotypes. Some ribotypes groups were found large (e.g. 45 isolates in one group) whilst few ribotypes included only a single isolate. Our results showed that PCR-RFLP analysis has a potential use in anaerobic fungal discrimination at least to the genera level. 551 - The role of taxonomists in scientific reproducibility A. Padmanaban Institute of Microbial Technology, Microbial Type Culture Collection, Sector 39-A,Chandigarh-160036, India. - Email: apnaban@rediffmail.com Book of Abstracts 167
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Cavernularia: 356 Cenococcum: 500,
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Phlebopus: 828 Pholiota: 304, 515 P
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Order Index Agaricales: 40, 50, 51,
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Vukojevic, J.: 363 Vurro, M.: 116 V
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