Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Wednesday August 14th Lectures
Basidiomycetes with effused, skin-like basidiomata are
often classified together as corticioid fungi. Recent
molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that
homobasidiomycetes have evolved into at least eight
lineages. In these earlier studies only a few corticioid
representatives were included but already from a restricted
sampling it is obvious that corticioid fungi are
phylogenetically highly diverse. We performed a
phylogenetic analysis of the homobasidiomycetes with a
strong emphasis on corticioid forms. As characters we used
nucleotide sites from 5.8S and 28S in the nuclear ribosomal
DNA repeat. We recovered the eight clades earlier
identified and in addition four new clades composed
primarily of corticioid species. We hypothesise that
increased sampling of corticioid fungi will reveal still other
unique lineages and potential examples are given. The
implications for the interpretation of homobasidiomycete
evolution and for the design of future studies are discussed.
213 - Phylogeny of corticioid fungi with russuloid
characteristics (the genus Gloeocystidiellum in a
phylogenetic perspective)
E. Larsson * & K.-H. Larsson
Göteborg University, Dep. of biology, Box 461, SE 405 30
Göteborg, Sweden. - E-mail: ellen.larsson@systbot.gu.se
The classification of fungi has traditionally relied on
macro- and microanatomical features of the basidiome. The
genus Gloeocystidiellum is characterized by the corticioid
basidiomata, the presence of SA+ gloeocystidia and
amyloid often ornamented spores. Phylogenetic analyses,
based on nuclear rDNA, of 127 species within the russuloid
lineage recovered 13 supported clades and six single
branches. Species that have been combined to
Gloeocystidiellum occur in 7 of the 13 clades. Other results
support monophyly of the russuloid clade, and our data
suggest that the presence of a gloeoplerous system,
primarily observed as gloeocystidia, is a synapomorphy of
russuloid taxa. In addition, compatibility studies were
performed to discern biological species within the
Gloeocystidiellum porosum / clavuligerum complex and to
characterize the genus type G. porosum. Four compatibility
groups were detected. Phylogenetic analysis of the
complex revealed a great sequence divergence between G.
porosum and G. clavuligerum. Based on morphological
data, mating tests and phylogenetic analyses, three species
in the complex could be characterised; G. kenyense, G.
clavuligerum and G. porosum. Gloeocystidiellum bisporum
was shown to be a parthenogenetic haploid species,
evolved from G. clavuligerum. The results indicate that
Gloeocystidiellum includes only G. porosum and a few
closely related species.
214 - Phylogenetic study of Thelephorales - the story of
explanatory power of systematics
U. Kõljalg * & K. Abarenkov
University of Tartu, 40 Lai Str., 51005 Tartu, Estonia. - Email:
ukoljalg@ut.ee
Molecular phylogenies of Thelephorales and its genera will
be presented. Based on these phylogenies the explanatory
power of systematics to answer specific questions on
autecology of Thelephorales will be demonstrated. In order
to make systematics more powerful and attractive,
database-driven Web sites of different taxa should be
compiled which include all types of biological information.
Such databases will provide facility to study taxon ecology,
phylogeny, etc. in silico by other fields. The information
facility for thelephoroid fungi is built using the PHP
scripting language and the MySQL relational database.
Access to database and a database administration is done
over the Web. Currently the database-driven Web site
includes molecular identification of resupinate thelephoroid
fungi using ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2 regions of nuclear rDNA
and BLAST similarity search. An example how it may be
used for the identification of root mycobionts will be
shown. In future the database will provide additional
facilities for interactive identification of taxa based on
morphology, provide information on nomenclature,
phylogeny, ecology, etc.
215 - Phylogenetic taxonomy of Hymenochaete and
related genera (Hymenomycetes)
E. Parmasto 1* , U. Kõljalg 2 , E. Larsson 3 & S. Rummo 2
1 Institute of Zoology and Botany, Estonian Agricultural
University, 181 Riia St., 51014 Tartu, Estonia. - 2 Institute
of Botany and Ecology, Tartu University, 40 Lai St., 51005
Tartu, Estonia. - 3 Botanical Institute, University of
Göteborg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. - Email:
e.parmasto@zbi.ee
Studies by Wagner and Fischer (2001, 2002) have
demonstrated that 19 species of Hymenochaete s.l. studied
(except H. tabacina) form, together with 2 Hydnochaete
and 2 Cyclomyces species, a monophyletic genus in the
order Hymenochaetales. We examined the taxonomy of
this group adding 16 more species of Hymenochaete,
Coltriciella tasmanica and Hydnochaete olivacea.
Parsimony analysis of molecular (LSU nucrDNA
sequences), morphological and combined datasets was
carried out, including representatives of other genera of
Hymenochaetales s.str. As an outgroup, 6 corticioid and
polyporoid (non-hymenochaetoid) species, characterized
by dolipore septa with continuous parenthesomes, were
used. About 35% of the Hymenochaete species have been
included in this study. Most hymenochaetes comprise a
clade of closely related species; a separate clade (a new
genus?) is formed of 4 species with dendrohyphidia or
Book of Abstracts 69