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IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters 585 - Long term decomposition studies of wooden test blocks at Khao Yai National Park, Thailand S. Sivichai * , N. Boonyeun, N.L. Hywel-Jones & E.B.G. Jones BIOTEC-Mycology, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Pahonyothin Rd.. Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani12120, Thailand. In a survey of wood decay, 4 woods (Dipterocarpus alatus, Xylia dolabriformis, Alstonia scholaris and Anisoptera oblonga) were immersed in two streams: Tad Tha Phu flows year-round; km29 is ephemeral. These were recovered each month over 1 year. 236 spp. of fungi were found. Importantly, after 1 year decomposition had barely begun. Using the same sites the work was extended to examine other woods and to allow for recovery of up to 10 yr. Work after 1 yr allows direct comparison with the preliminary study. 5 spp. were used: Buchanania latifolia, Mangifera caloneura, Sindora siamensis, Stereospermum neuranthum and Tectona grandis. Buchanania and Tectona supported the highest diversity (20+ spp.) while Mangifera and Sindora had
IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters alpine lichen heath, moist and dry screes. The dominant species occurring in most soils were: Pseudogymnoascus roseus and its anamorph, Mortierella parvispora, Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Mucor hiemalis, Tolypocladium inflatum, Penicillium simplicissimum, and Fusarium sambucinum. Correspondence analysis showed that alpine fens and Rhododendron bushes had the most distinctive microfungal communities. The latter communities somewhat resembled those of podzolic soils under boreal forests. Some taxonomically interesting isolates were obtained. A taxon that was rather frequent in alpine fen soils was provisionally identified as Leptodontidium sp. Two groups of isolates differed slightly morphologically from one another. A detailed study including sequencing of ITS and 18S regions revealed that these fungi are rather unrelated to the type of the genus Leptodontidium but close to the teleomorph genus Pseudeurotium. Observation of conidiogenous structures of Pseudeurotium confirmed this affinity. A similar strain, CBS 326.81, had been isolated from potato meal factory sewage water in the Netherlands. Partial sexual reaction with infertile cleistothecia was observed between one Caucasian strain and CBS 326.81. 589 - A preliminary investigation on coprophilous fungi in Northeastern Thailand S. Somrithipol & N.L. Hywel-Jones * BIOTEC-Mycology, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Pahonyothin RD., Khlong1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. - E-mail: nigelhj@biotec.or.th Coprophilous fungi are associated with herbivore dung, playing an important role in recycling of nutrients in animal faeces. This group is a source of biocontrol agents, enzymes, antibiotics, etc. Surveys were made in Khao Yai National Park and areas in northeastern Thailand between May, 2001 and April, 2002. Over 150 isolates were made from 85 dung samples of sambar deer (Cervus unicolor), barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak), Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and cattle. Of these, 52% were Ascomycetes and 10% their anamorphs. Basidiomycetes made up a second group with 25% of isolates while Zygomycetes accounted for only 12%. 14 genera were recognized with Ascomycetes accounting for 10 of these. The common genera were Podospora, Coprinus and Pilobolus which accounted for 54% of collections: most were successfully isolated. A succession was demonstrated. Pilobolus appeared after 3 days incubation, followed by the apothecial-forming ascomycetes such as Ascobolus and Saccobolus from 4-7 days. Perithecia of pyrenomycetes e.g. Delitschia, Podospora and Sporormia appeared from 7-14 days and were often associated with basidiocarps of Coprinus. These genera continued to fruit for a further 3 wks. Mitosporic fungi appeared late in the succession. Notable species were: Coprinus, Delitschia pachylospora, Pilobolus, Podospora communis, Poronia gigantia, Saccobolus citrinus, S. thaxteri, and Zygospermella. 590 - Detection of fossil fungi in Cretaceous amber from Álava Northern Spain by different microscopy techniques M. Speranza 1 , M.J. Martínez 1 , A.T. Martínez 1 , J. Wierzchos 2 , J. Alonso 3* & C. Ascaso 4 1 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Velázquez 144, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. - 2 Servicio Micrópia Electònica, Universita de LLeida, E-25198, Spain. - 3 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Siervas de Jesús 24 E- 01001 Vitoria, Alava, Spain. - 4 Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, CSIC, c/ Serrano 115 dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain. Amber deposits dated from the Lower Cretaceous period were recently found at Álava, Northern Spain, being one of the more highly fossiliferous resin deposits. Although some reports on the characterization of fossil fungi exists, very few is known about their relationships with other fossil microorganisms. In this work we reported the use of different microscopy techniques to obtain simultaneously structural, ultrastructural and analytical information about the entire amber microscenosis and their individual components. A very well preserved microcenosis, which corresponds to a semiaquatic habitat, including different types of protozoas, microalgae and fungi was present in this amber. By scanning electron microscopy using secondary electron (SEM-SE) and backscattered secondary electron detectors (SEM-BSE), we found an abundant mycelium of hyaline and coenocytic hyphae in close association with numerous zooflagellates (probably fungal feeders). The elemental distribution spectroscopy microanalysis during SEM-BSE revealed Fe in the hyphae suggesting the nature of mineralization process. Using light and confocal laser scanning microscopy a basidiomycete mycelium with numerous clamp connections, crystals and encrusted cystidia like structures was detected in the amber outside section. Other hyphae, gametangia or sporangia like fungal structures and spores were abundant in this amber sample. Current work attempts to compare these fungi with extant and modern genera. 591 - A preliminary survey of lichen fungi from Thailand V. Sri-indrasutdhi, S. Sivichai * & N.L. Hywel-Jones BIOTEC-Mycology, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Pahonyothin RD., Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. - E-mail: sivichai@biotec.or.th The first published records of fungi from Thailand were lichens from Ko Chang Island at the turn of the last Century. They were neglected for the next 90 yr. However, the last 10 yr has seen increasing interest in Thai lichen fungi. Importantly, these are now being isolated and made available for further research. A lichen collection/isolation programme has been in place at BIOTEC for 2 yr. Natural forest was surveyed every 2 months. Forest was selected to Book of Abstracts 179
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IMC7 Book of Abstracts The 7th Inte
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11-17 August 2002 IMC7 The imc7 Org
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Cavernularia: 356 Cenococcum: 500,
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Hyalorbilia: 479 Hyalorhinocladiell
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Phlebopus: 828 Pholiota: 304, 515 P
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Verrucaria: 616 Verruculina: 963 Ve
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Order Index Agaricales: 40, 50, 51,
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Vukojevic, J.: 363 Vurro, M.: 116 V
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