Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters
significant interaction between benomyl treatment and
phosphorus application on hyphal length. P 0 recorded
maximum hyphal length and was significantly higher as
compared to other P application levels for both the crops.
Maximum hyphal length was observed for maize crop than
groundnut. When hyphal length was included in model
calculations it gave better prediction of P influx in to the
roots of maize and groundnut. When hyphal length was not
included in model calculation, under prediction of P influx
was more affected at lower P levels. It indicates that P
solubilization by root exudates might have played more
important role than AM in P uptake by maize and
groundnut.
561 - Rare taxa in Estonian lichen flora - are they really
rare?
T. Randlane * & A. Saag
University of Tartu, Lai 38, 51005 Tartu, Estonia. - E-mail:
randlane@ut.ee
The recent checklist of lichenized and lichenicolous fungi
of Estonia (Randlane & Saag 1999), which is mainly based
on herbarium material, contains 851 species from 200
genera. Latest data available
(http://www.ut.ee/lichens/fce.html) indicate the presence of
909 species in Estonia. In the checklist, the distribution of
taxa in five regions of Estonia and their frequency
according to six frequency classes has been presented. Rare
species with 10 or less localities form 64% of the entire
Estonian lichen flora. The analogous figure for vascular
plants in Estonia is 36% and for bryophytes - 45%. The
unusually large share of rare lichen taxa is partly due to the
great diversity of different habitats and substrata suitable
for lichenized fungi. Still, these data might be misleading
because of the unsufficient recording of different species.
Several new localities have been reported for 'rare' species
during the last three years; six lichens that were considered
to be extinct have been re-found. The analysis of worldwide
distributional patterns of taxa would help us sort out
these species which are locally really rare (and therefore
also endangered) because they occur at the periphery of
their range. In Estonia, e.g. Arctoparmelia incurva,
Caloplaca jungermanniae, Flavocetraria cucullata occur
at their southern limits while Cladonia convoluta,
Flavoparmelia caperata, Phaeophyscia chloantha are
recorded at the northern limits of their distribution.
562 - Conservation and valorisation of Pleurotus spp.
germ plams
P. Rapanà * & F. Di Mario
CNR IBAF - IBESM, Area della Ricerca di Roma, via
Salaria km 29,300 Monterotondo sc 00016 (Roma), Italy. -
E-mail: pompilio.rapana@mlib.cnr.it
Germ plasm collection must assure the conservation of
genetic diversity also in view of their possible
technological application. To be exchanged and used, germ
plasm must be characterized by an univocal fingerprint
able to assure its identity and stability. This is an important
condition for comparing the results obtained in different
studies. Pleurotus spp. are widespread populations among
them, Pleurotus eryngii, P. e. ferulae and P. e. nebrodensis
are typical Mediterranean populations. The International
Bank of Edible Saprophytic Mushrooms of Italian National
Council of Research owns 36 isolates of P. ostreatus, 313
of P. eryngii, 48 of P. e. ferulae and 22 of P. e.
nebrodensis. These isolates were collected in view of their
applications in biotechnologies as agents able to transform
agricultural wastes into both an edible biomass and starting
material for high value products extraction.
Polysaccharides in particular 3 β glucans have been
purified. The isolates, supplied by Research Institute
donors, have been genetically characterised by RAPDs
fingerprint. Moreover genetic approaches aimed at
evaluating population biodiversity and genetic relationship
among species are running with molecular markers as
microsatellites, AFLP, and RFLP of amplified ITS and IGS
rDNA region. A good level of variability in P. eryngii and
in the correlated population/species P. e. ferulae and P. e.
nebrodensis have been evaluated. A similar behaviour has
been made evident also in P. ostreatus.
563 - Comparative diversity of vesicular arbuscular
mycorrhizas in New Zealand vineyards under organic
and conventional management regimes
H.J. Ridgway * & A. Stewart
Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Canterbury, New Zealand.
- E-mail: ridgwh@lincoln.ac.nz
Many economically important plant species form complex
symbioses with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM)
fungi. Considerable research data indicates that these fungi
impact on productivity, nutrient acquisition, pathogen
defence and ecosystem stability. In natural systems,
grapevines are normally infected with VAM and these
associations have been shown to improve grape growth. In
this study, soil samples were removed from the base of
three common grapevine rootstock varieties at two South
Island vineyards, one under conventional management, and
the other under organic production (certified in 2000).
Spores were collected by wet sieving, the genera identified
by microscopic examination and expressed on a per gram
basis. The individual VAM species present were
determined using a combination of morphological criteria
and sequencing of the ribosomal DNA. Root fragments
were also cleared, stained and assessed for VAM
colonisation. Implications of VAM diversity in New
Zealand vineyards and the effect of management systems
on population structures are discussed.
Book of Abstracts 171