Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme II: SYSTEMATICS, PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTION Posters
700 - Anatomical and molecular characterization of
Tomentella ectomycorrhizae
E. Jukucs 1* , G. Kovács 2 & C. Vágvölgyi 3
1 Department of Plant Anatomy, Eötvös Loránd University,
H-1117 Budapest Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Hungary. -
2 Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian
Academy of Sciences, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 18,
Hungary. - 3 Institute of Microbiology, University Szeged,
H-6701 Szeged, P.O. Box 533, Hungary. - E-mail:
jakucse@ludens.elte.hu
The members of the genus Tomentella (Thelephoraceae)
are among the most widespread ectomycorrhizal (ECM)
partners of trees in needle and deciduous forests all over
the world. Although being abundant in the
mycorrhizosphere, fruitbodies appear rarely and are usually
overlooked. That is the reason why identification of
mycorrhizae of this group is mainly carried out using
molecular tools (e.g. DNS sequence analysis). Investigation
of morphological and anatomical characteristics using the
methods introduced by Agerer (PhC, Nomarski
microscopy, SEM and histochemical tests) is also useful in
determining ECMs but more precise results can be got by
combining morphological and molecular methods. Up to
now only few tomentelloid ECMs have been described
comprehensively. From the continental deciduous forests
of the Hungarian Plain several different morphotypes of
tomentelloid mycorrhizae have been isolated and
characterized by Agerer's methods. The majority of them
have been detected in this territory for the first time.
Molecular methods (PCR and sequence analysis of the
rDNA ITS region) were successful in identification,
comparing ITS-sequences of mycorrhizae with those
included in DNA sequence databases of fruitbodies.
Results of molecular identification and morphologicalanatomical
characterization of tomentelloid ECM
morphotypes collected in drought-adapted oak and poplar
forests, forming symbioses with Quercus robur, Q. cerris
and Populus alba trees, have been demonstrated.
701 - Phylogeny of rDNA its region in smut fungi
J.T. Juuti 1 & V. Salo 2*
1 University of Helsinki, Department of Biosciences,
Division of Plant Physiology, P.O.Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9),
FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. - 2 University of
Helsinki, Department of Applied Biology/Botany, P.O.Box
27 (Latokartanonkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of
Helsinki, Finland. - E-mail: vanamo.salo@helsinki.fi
Nuclear ribosomal ITS regions were amplified from spore
samples of several Anthracoidea Brefeld species collected
from nature. PCR products identified as anthracoideal
showed unexpectedly large length variation among the
species. Two species viz. A. aspera (Liro) Kukkonen and
A. fischeri (P. Karst.) Kukkonen with a considerable size
difference were taken for sequence analysis. ITS products
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Book of Abstracts
were cloned into pGEM-T vector and sequenced. For full
reliable bidirectional sequencing of the longer ITS
fragment additional internal primers had to be designed. By
sequence alignment it was found that 358 bp length
difference of the sequences was caused by single gap in the
ITS1 region. To evaluate taxonomic position of the genus
Anthracoidea among the Ustilaginales multiple alignment
was generated with other smut ITS sequences downloaded
from GenBank. It became soon evident that comparison
had to be expanded to more distantly related groups. The
sampling of fungal sequences was biassed to cover much of
the biodiversity of plant parasites, especially species which
had been formerly or are presently recognised as smuts.
Alignment revealed that the highly conservative and slowly
evolving 5.8S rRNA distinguishes smuts on grasses and
sedges of the present subclass Ustilaginomycetidae from all
other fungi. Phylogenetic analyses will be presented and
taxonomic status of the genus Anthracoidea will be
discussed.
702 - Phylogenetic studies of some Terfezia and
Choiromyces species
V. Kagan Zur 1* , S. Aviram 2 , Y. Ferdman 2 , Y. Li 1 & N.
Roth-Bejerano 2
1 Ben-Gurion Univ. Inst. Appl. ResR, POB 653 Beer-Sheva
84105, Israel. - 2 Ben-Gurion Univ. Life SCi. Dept.D, POB
653 Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel. - E-mail:
zur@bgumail.bgu.ac.il
A phylogenetic study of the genus Terfezia was undertaken
based on analysis of the ITS and the 5 prime end of the 25S
rDNA regions. Phylogenetic analysis of Terfezia and
Choiromyces spp. (Terfeziaceae) revealed that all but one
of the Terfeziaspecies form a single clade, while all but one
of the Choiromyces species group, as expected, with Tuber
melanosporum (Tuberaceae). Several discrepancies
detected between the two trees indicate a separate
evolutionary path for the two regions studied. C.
echinulatus and Terfezia pfeilii, both from the Kalahari
Desert, are closer to each other than to any other species, a
point which will be discussed further. Closer analysis of a
group of sequences obtained for T. boudieri suggests that
this group comprises at least two distinct though
morphologically indistinguishable species. Further analysis
of a mycelial isolate from T. boudieri fruit-bodies
exhibiting a double ITS profile belonging to one of the two
proposed species provides tentative evidence for long-term
in vitro subsistence of an ascomycetous dikaryon.
703 - New systematics in xanthorioid lichens
I. Kärnefelt 1 , U. Søchting 2 & S.Ya. Kondratyuk 3*
1 Botanical Museum, Ö Vallg. 18, S-223 61 Lund, Sweden. -
2 Botanical Institute, Ø Farimagsgade 2D, DK 1353
Copenhagen, Denmark. -
3 Institute of botany,
Terescchenkivska 2, 2526o1 Kiev-4, Ukraine. - E-mail:
skondr@botan.kiev.ua