Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

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IMC7 Main Congress Theme II: SYSTEMATICS, PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTION Posters In Australia, the genus Russula (49 listed species) is an important widespread mycorrhizal component of forest ecosystems. Fruiting bodies are highly coloured and conspicuous, and are distinctive components of the macrofungal flora that are suitable for ecological monitoring. Russula is a taxonomically complex genus and contains a number of undescribed taxa. The red-to purplecapped species of Russula recorded from southern Australia include R. australiensis, Russula clelandii, R. lenkunya, R. purpureoflava and R. persanguinea. Various Northern Hemisphere names have been used to describe members of this group, e.g. R alutacea, R. atropurpurea,R. azurea, R.cyanoxantha, R. clusii, R. delica, R. emetica, R. expallens, R. fragilis, R. mariae, R. purpurea, R. queletii, R. rosacea, R. rubra, and R. sanguinea. Species delimitation in this group on the basis of micromorphology and macromorphology was investigated using pattern analysis (classification and ordination). Nuclear large subunit rDNA region was sequenced of representatives of each morphological group to determine sequence variation in relation to morphological variation. 775 - Fusarium langsethiae Torp & Nirenberg ined.; a new species in section Sporotrichiella M. Torp 1* & H.I. Nirenberg 2 1 National Veterinary Institute, Section of Feed and Food Microbiology, Ullevålsveien 68, P.O. Box 8156 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway. - 2 Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Institut für Pflanzenvirologie, Mikrobiologie und biologische Sicherheit, Königin-Louise- Strasse 19, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. - E-mail: mona.torp@vetinst.no The new species Fusarium langsethiae Torp & Nirenberg ined. has recently been described, illustrated and discussed. The species is isolated from kernels of oat, wheat and barley in different European countries. Knowledge retrieved during surveys on the occurrence of Fusarium spp. in grain in Norway, led to the conclusion that the regular detection of T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in Norwegian cereals, especially in oat, is caused mainly by this Fusarium species. The combination of observed morphological characters and recorded mycotoxin profile had not been reported for any other Fusarium species before. The fungus has been misidentified mostly as F. poae, but it has also been reported as F. sporotrichioides. Morphologically it looks similar to F. poae, but it is differentiated from F. poae by the powdery appearance on PSA and PDA, slower growth, producing less aerial mycelium, no odour and the napiform or globose conidia are borne on often bent phialides on the agar surface and not on the aerial mycelium. No macroconidia are formed. Cardinal temperatures for the new species: minimum 7.5 - 10 °C, optimum 27.5 °C, maximum 35 °C. Based on the taxonomic systems of Wollenweber and Reinking (1935), Nelson et al. (1983) and Gerlach and Nirenberg (1982) the species is placed in the section Sporotrichiella for the time being. 234 Book of Abstracts 776 - Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the symbionts of Costa Rican species of Everniastrum (lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) M.T. Trest * & A. Gargas University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Botany, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A. - E-mail: mttrest@students.wisc.edu The lichen genus Everniastrum is widespread with over 30 species inhabiting most tropical and some temperate montane regions. Higher species diversity in Andean South America and montane Mexico compared to Africa and Asia may suggest a New World center of origin and relatively recent speciation events. We have collected Everniastrum from cloud forest, elfin forest and paramo regions of Costa Rica, and are constructing phylogenies based on ITS rDNA sequences from both photobionts and mycobionts.To investigate hypotheses of codiversification of the symbionts we will test for evidence of cocladogenesis. Additionally we will assess: 1) whether character-based species concepts, including chemotaxonomic designations, reflect the evolutionary history of the fungal species and 2) whether fungal asexual taxa and sexual taxa included in species pairs form monophyletic lineages. These preliminary studies will be expanded to include multiple-gene analyses of symbionts from species of Everniastrum, Cetrariastrum, and Concamerella representing their pantropical distribution to elucidate phylogeographic relationships of lichens. 777 - Detection of an anamorph of Tuber dryophilum: molecular and immunological evidence A. Urban 1* , I. Neuner-Plattner 2 , I. Krisai-Greilhuber 1 & K. Haselwandter 2 1 Department of Mycology and Cryptogamic Botany, Institute of Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A- 1030 Wien, Austria. - 2 Department of Microbiology, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. - E-mail: alexurban@yahoo.com We present molecular and immunological evidence that Tuber dryophilum, a true truffle belonging to the species group of minor white truffles, produces an anamorph of the Verticillium type. Nuclear ribosomal sequences were amplified from field collected anamorph material with the primer pair ITS1F/ITS4. One sequence was nearly identical (similarity >99%) to a reference sequence of Tuber dryophilum. The identification of this anamorph was supported by indirect immunofluorescence using an antibody raised in rabbits against Tuber melanosporum antigene which has been demonstrated to be valuable for the detection of various stages in the life cycle of several Tuber species. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of an anamorph in the Tuberaceae. The potential ecological and biotechnological significance of anamorphs
IMC7 Main Congress Theme II: SYSTEMATICS, PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTION Posters in the propagation of ectomycorrhizal fungi is not yet fully acknowledged. Seedlings inoculated with noble truffle species are often infected with less valuable white truffle species (e. g. Tuber dryophilum), either in the nursery or in the field, sometimes without plausible explanation for the way of infection. The existence of an alternative way of propagation in the genus Tuber indicates that additional precaution against cross contamination in inoculation experiments is required. 778 - Differentiation of Leptographium spp. found in Canada A. Uzunovic 1* , S. Alamouti 2 , J.-J. Kim 2 & C. Breuil 2 1 Forintek Canada Corp., 2665 East Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. - 2 University of British Columbia, Department of Wood Science, Vancouver, Canada. - E-mail: adnan@van.forintek.ca Leptographium is one of the most commonly found genera of fungi causing bluestain in conifers. Some species are known to be tree pathogens. Some Leptographium spp are linked to specific wood infesting insects, especially bark beetles, however their biology, including their potential to grow in fresh woody substrates and to cause stain, is not fully known. The taxonomy of Leptographium spp is complex, and identification to species is often difficult when based on the existing taxonomy keys. Molecular biology tools are being developed but are not yet available. We looked at number of reference Leptographium isolates from existing culture collections and we included those collected in Canada over the last decade. We investigated additional attributes that could assist species delineation. This included growth rates on 2% malt extract agar at different temperatures and colony morphology at different stages of growth. We also compared the ability of some of the isolates to colonize freshly cut lodgepole pine phloem and to stain the sapwood. The results of these experiments and our observations are reported here. 779 - Lactarius well-represented in West-Africa? Benin explored! A. Verbeken 1* , A. De Kesel 2 & P. Van Rooij 1 1 Ghent University, Dpt. Biology, Group Mycology, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. - 2 National Botanic Garden of Belgium (BR), Dpt. Thallophyta, Domein van Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium. - E-mail: mieke.verbeken@rug.ac.be The up to now 80 Lactarius species described from tropical Africa are particularly well-represented in the Guineo- Congolian rain forests (Congo-Kinshasa) and the Zambezian miombo woodlands (Zimbabwe, Zambia, Burundi). In these ecosystems the genus Lactarius is one of the most important ectomycorrhiza formers. The Sudanian woodlands cover large parts of West-Africa and are, compared to the Zambezian woodlands, poorly explored. They are often dominated by the ectotrophs Isoberlinia and Uapaca, while they lack the typical Zambezian trees Brachystegia and Julbernardia. Therefore, it seemed logic that the species diversity in the Sudanian woodlands would be less important than in East-Africa. Some scattered records of miombo woodland species in West-Africa already suggested an overlap in the Lactarius mycoflora, but more studies were needed. Intensive collecting in the Isoberlinia and Uapaca savanna woodlands in Benin, resulted in at least 24 Lactarius species, including some undescribed taxa. In spite of the differences in dominant ectotrophs, most Lactarius species from the studied area are also known from Zambezian woodlands. This study is the first to reveal a marked overlap of the Zambezian and Sudanian ectomycorrhizal mycoflora. It also indicates the absence of the Sudanian species in the Central African rain forests (Guineo-Congolian) and consequently suggests a disjunct distribution of the savanna woodland species of Lactarius throughout Africa. 780 - Taxonomy and phylogeny of Septoria G.J.M. Verkley, A. Van Iperen & M. Starink-Willemse * Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P.O.Box 85167, NL-3508 AD, The Netherlands. In the anamorph genus Septoria Sacc. over 2000 names have been described. Most taxa cause leaf spot on the host plant. Known teleomorphs belong in Mycosphaerella Johanson (Dothideales, Ascomycota), a cosmopolitan genus with over 20 reported anamorph genera. Crous et al. (2001, Mycologia 93: 1081-1101) showed that Mycosphaerella is monophyletic, based on ITS rDNA sequences. Both strains of S. aceris (teleom. M. latebrosa) studied clustered in a clade with Cercospora, separate from S. tritici (teleom. M. graminicola), indicating that Septoria anamorphs may have evolved in several lineages. We further investigated the phylogenetic position of Septoria anamorphs using ITS and partial 28S rDNA sequences of a larger set of taxa, some with known teleomorphs, isolated from a wide array of plant families. An additional eight anamorph genera linked to Mycosphaerella were also represented in the analyses. The results show that Septoria spp. all evolved within Mycosphaerella, but not as a result of a single event. The data support a clade comprising S. tritici and S. passerini from grasses, close to Ramularia spp. Septoria spp. from several deciduous trees represent relatively distant lineages. In contrast, many of the Septoria spp. from various herbaceous plant families have almost identical ITS sequences, and also often very similar morphologies in vitro and in planta, indicating that they are closely related. They are grouped with Cercospora spp. in a large, unresolved cluster. Book of Abstracts 235
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Cavernularia: 356 Cenococcum: 500,
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Order Index Agaricales: 40, 50, 51,
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Vukojevic, J.: 363 Vurro, M.: 116 V
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