Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters
Phomopsis were most frequently isolated. Colonization
was greater in samples from the midrib than in those from
laminar tissue, and slightly greater at the tip of the lamina
compared with the base of the leaf. In contrast to studies in
temperate ecosystems, no distinct fungal communities were
identified for individual plant species, suggesting that the
degree of host preference is low. The implications for
estimation of fungal diversity in tropical systems are
explored.
582 - Conservation status of the Agaricales, Boletales,
Cantharellales, Lycoperdales, Phallales and Russulales
of South Australia
J.A. Simpson 1* & C.A. Grgurinovic 2
1
State Forests of NSW, Research Division, P.O. Box 100,
2
Beecroft 2119, Australia. - Australian Biological
Resources Study, GPO Box 787, Canberra 2601, Australia.
- E-mail: jacks@sf.nsw.gov.au
The conservation status of 443 species of
Holobasidiomycetidae known from the State of South
Australia in southern Australia has been evaluated. The
World Conservation Union Red List criteria endorsed in
1994 were found to be inappropriate as the decision rules
are based on quantitative threshholds of population size,
distributional ranges, rates of decline and extinction risk.
For most of the past 70 years there has been no taxonomic
mycologist working on the Agaricales, Boletales,
Cantharellales, Lycoperdales, Phallales or Russulales of
South Australia. Therefore few quantitative data were
available. We adopted a modified version of the system
used to prepare the list of Rare or Threatened Australian
Plants (ROTAP). In the ROTAP system threat is
qualitatively assessed according to available expert
knowledge. Species known only from the holotype,
lectotype or neotype collection constitute 22% of the taxa
studied. Ectomycorrhizal fungi comprise 35% of the
mycoflora studied. Fifty-six species (13%) have been
introduced from overseas. Of these 19 taxa are
ectomycorrhizal with exotic trees. More than half of the
taxa (57%) was described from a collection from South
Australia. However, only 34% of the taxa are known from
conservation reserves in South Australia. A remarkable
26% of the total taxa studied are known from one small
national park of 840 ha close to Adelaide. The importance
of specimen based collections rather than observational
surveys cannot be over emphasised.
583 - Host determinants of mycorrhizal colonization
and functioning in maize (Zea maize L.)
C. Singh 1* , A.K Sharma 2 & B.N Johri 3
1 M.B.G.E., G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, 263145 Uttranchal,
India. - 2 Directorate of Experiment station, G.B.P.U.A&T,
Pantnagar, 263145 Uttranchal, India. - 3 Microbiology,
G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, 263145 Uttranchal, India. - Email:
charusing2@rediffmail.com
Enzymes related to metabolism of AM fungi i.e. alkaline
phosphatase, acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase
and host defence mechanism i.e. peroxidase were measured
in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots of four maize
genotypes namely HIM 29, VL 90, VL16 and CM129
differing in mycorrhizal responsiveness. There was
remarkable enhancement in Enzymes related to metabolism
of AM fungi i.e. alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase
and malate dehydrogenase and host defence mechanism i.e.
peroxidase were measured in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal
roots of four maize genotypes namely HIM 29,
VL 90, VL16 and CM129 differing in mycorrhizal
responsiveness. There was remarkable enhancement in the
level of enzymes related to mycorrhizal functioning in
genotype VL 90 and HIM 129 while VL 16 and CM 129
did not respond as well in spite of considerable mycorrhizal
colonization. The levels of mycorrhizal colonization as
judged by arbuscular, vesicular to arbuscular senescence.
584 - Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
(AMF) in different agroclimatic regions of India
R. Singh * & A. Adholeya
Centre for Mycorrhizal Research,Tata Energy Research
Institute, Habitat Centre, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003,
India. - E-mail: reenas@teri.res.in
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (the symbiotic soil fungi
forming association with plant roots) are an important
component of biodiversity as about 80% of the world's
plants are associated with AM fungi. India is a land of
many climates and varieties of soils affording scope for
much diversity. The diversity of AMF was studied in 10
different wheat growing regions of India as wheat is the
second important food crop of India. This study would then
help in exploiting the potential of these fungi in sustainable
agriculture, particularly in wheat. The rhizosphere soil
samples were collected from wheat fields. The mycorrhizal
and soil parameters were analyzed and the trap cultures
were raised from the collected samples for their further
multiplication. The mycorrhizal parameters analysed
include: total AMF spore count, species diversity of AMF,
dominant AMF species, percent AMF colonization inside
the roots and the infectivity potential of the AMF isolate.
The soil parameters include analysis of pH, electrical
conductivity, % total nitrogen, available phosphorus and
available potassium. The spore count, root colonization,
species diversity, dominant species and inoculum potential
of AM fungi were found to vary with the agroclimatic
region as well as the soil nutrient conditions. The number
of species in a given region ranged from 1-20.
Book of Abstracts 177