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IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters 578 - Micromycetes in book depositories L.E. Sergeeva National Library of Russia, 18, Sadovaya st., 191069, St.Petersburg, Russia. - E-mail: kasht@aport.ru The micromycetes inhabiting air and the surface of the books were studied in 7 large book depositories of the National Library of Russia (Saint-Petersburg). The study was performed during 1995-2001. Micromycetes were isolated from numerous characteristic points and investigated in vitro. Total concentration of airborne fungal spores were examined. Furthermore physical characterististics of studied lodgings measured too. Total of 100 fungal species were recorded. The list included species belonging to 33 genera, mainly from Deuteromycetes. Some of them had a wide occurance, whereas for some species it was the rather limited. The dominant and the rare species were indicated. Most likely the distinction of the fungal microcommunities in the studied book depositories usually were resulting from presence of accidental species. Season changes on fungal composition of revealed microcommunities were also recorded. Considerable fluctuations of concentration of airborne fungi depended upon ecological factors variation. Between them were tempaterature, humidity and chemical properties of paper type. There were determined the conditions increasing the content of viable and conversely, factors completely inhibiting the concentration of micromycetes in book depositories. 579 - Biodiversity of keratinophyles in Heritage Taj City- Agra (India) J.N. Shrivastava, G.P. Satsangi, N. Govil * , M. Mathur & P. Saxena Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Microbiology lab, Deptt of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, AGRA, India. - E-mail: nidhi_dei@yahoo.com Abstract In present investigation 360 soil samples from urban and rural areas of Agra, were analysed. Out of which 296 were recorded positive for urban area and 238 for rural area. The percentage prevalence of dermatophytic and keratinophilic fungi were calculated 82.2% and 66.7% for urban and rural areas respectively. Total 21 species were recorded and isolated from baits amended soil collected different sites, out of which 9 sps were common in both sites. However, their prevalence varies with respect to sites. The major fungal species isolated from urban sites includes Chrysosporium (11 sps), Trichophyton (5 sps), while from rural area includes Chrysosporium (5 sps), Trichophyton (4 sps), Myceliophthora (2 sps), Epidermophyton (1 sps) and Microsporum (1 sps). The maximum percentage prevalence of C. carmichaelii was observed in urban are (22.2%). While in rural areas M. vellerea was recorded. Thus, it is concluded that maximum prevalence of dermatophytes 176 Book of Abstracts were recorded in rural area due to prevailing unhygienic conditions as compared to urban areas. 580 - Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Indonesia R.D.M Simanungkalit 1* , K. Kramadibrata 2 & A.G. Gunawan 3 1 Research Institute for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, Jl. Tentara Pelajar 3A,, Bogor, Indonesia. - 2 Research Centre for Biology, Jl. Ir. H. Juanda, Bogor, Indonesia. - 3 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Padjadjaran, Bogor, Indonesia. - E-mail: borif@indo.net.id This paper reviews the results of several studies on the biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in a wide range of ecosystems in Indonesia, including natural forest, agricultural crops, plantation crops, botanic garden and peat swamp forest. Glomus and Acaulospora are the most common genera found in those ecosystems. At least 33 spesies of AM fungi in the 39 locations surveyed were described. Glomus with 17 species comprises G. aggregatum, G. albidum, G. citricolum, G. clavisporum, G. etunicatum, G. fasciculatum, G. fuegianum, G. geosporum, G. lacteum, G. macrocarpum, G. manihotis, G. microaggregatum, G. microcarpum, G. multicaulis, G. rubiforme, G. sinuosum and G. versiforme. Acaulospora with 10 species comprise A. bireticulata, A. delicata, A. foveata, A. longula, A. mellea, A. rehmii, A. scrobiculata, A. spinosa, A. tuberculata, and A. walkeri. Scutellospora with 4 species comprise S. calospora, S. heterogama, S. pellucida, and S. projectura. The genera Entrophospora and Gigaspora are represented with one species each, Entrophospora infrequens and Gigaspora gigantea. Acaulospora walkeri and Scutellospora projectura are the two new species reported from Indonesia. The number of AMF species varies from ecosystem to ecosystem, suggesting that their biodiversity can be influenced by soil conditions, cultural practices and vegetation types. 581 - Diversity and host preference of leaf endophytic fungi in the Iwokrama Forest Reserve, Guyana C.M. Simmons 1 & P.F. Cannon 2* 1 Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation & Development, 67 Bel Air, Georgetown, Guyana. - 2 CABI Bioscience, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, U.K. - E-mail: pcannon@cabi.org Endophytic fungi were isolated from living symptomless leaves of 12 tree species from two locations in the Iwokrama Forest Reserve, Guyana. 64 fungal morphotaxa were characterized from 2492 cultures, which were derived from a total of 2520 sample units. Species of Colletotrichum, Nodulisporium, Pestalotiopsis and
IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters Phomopsis were most frequently isolated. Colonization was greater in samples from the midrib than in those from laminar tissue, and slightly greater at the tip of the lamina compared with the base of the leaf. In contrast to studies in temperate ecosystems, no distinct fungal communities were identified for individual plant species, suggesting that the degree of host preference is low. The implications for estimation of fungal diversity in tropical systems are explored. 582 - Conservation status of the Agaricales, Boletales, Cantharellales, Lycoperdales, Phallales and Russulales of South Australia J.A. Simpson 1* & C.A. Grgurinovic 2 1 State Forests of NSW, Research Division, P.O. Box 100, 2 Beecroft 2119, Australia. - Australian Biological Resources Study, GPO Box 787, Canberra 2601, Australia. - E-mail: jacks@sf.nsw.gov.au The conservation status of 443 species of Holobasidiomycetidae known from the State of South Australia in southern Australia has been evaluated. The World Conservation Union Red List criteria endorsed in 1994 were found to be inappropriate as the decision rules are based on quantitative threshholds of population size, distributional ranges, rates of decline and extinction risk. For most of the past 70 years there has been no taxonomic mycologist working on the Agaricales, Boletales, Cantharellales, Lycoperdales, Phallales or Russulales of South Australia. Therefore few quantitative data were available. We adopted a modified version of the system used to prepare the list of Rare or Threatened Australian Plants (ROTAP). In the ROTAP system threat is qualitatively assessed according to available expert knowledge. Species known only from the holotype, lectotype or neotype collection constitute 22% of the taxa studied. Ectomycorrhizal fungi comprise 35% of the mycoflora studied. Fifty-six species (13%) have been introduced from overseas. Of these 19 taxa are ectomycorrhizal with exotic trees. More than half of the taxa (57%) was described from a collection from South Australia. However, only 34% of the taxa are known from conservation reserves in South Australia. A remarkable 26% of the total taxa studied are known from one small national park of 840 ha close to Adelaide. The importance of specimen based collections rather than observational surveys cannot be over emphasised. 583 - Host determinants of mycorrhizal colonization and functioning in maize (Zea maize L.) C. Singh 1* , A.K Sharma 2 & B.N Johri 3 1 M.B.G.E., G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, 263145 Uttranchal, India. - 2 Directorate of Experiment station, G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, 263145 Uttranchal, India. - 3 Microbiology, G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, 263145 Uttranchal, India. - Email: charusing2@rediffmail.com Enzymes related to metabolism of AM fungi i.e. alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase and host defence mechanism i.e. peroxidase were measured in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots of four maize genotypes namely HIM 29, VL 90, VL16 and CM129 differing in mycorrhizal responsiveness. There was remarkable enhancement in Enzymes related to metabolism of AM fungi i.e. alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase and host defence mechanism i.e. peroxidase were measured in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots of four maize genotypes namely HIM 29, VL 90, VL16 and CM129 differing in mycorrhizal responsiveness. There was remarkable enhancement in the level of enzymes related to mycorrhizal functioning in genotype VL 90 and HIM 129 while VL 16 and CM 129 did not respond as well in spite of considerable mycorrhizal colonization. The levels of mycorrhizal colonization as judged by arbuscular, vesicular to arbuscular senescence. 584 - Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in different agroclimatic regions of India R. Singh * & A. Adholeya Centre for Mycorrhizal Research,Tata Energy Research Institute, Habitat Centre, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003, India. - E-mail: reenas@teri.res.in Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (the symbiotic soil fungi forming association with plant roots) are an important component of biodiversity as about 80% of the world's plants are associated with AM fungi. India is a land of many climates and varieties of soils affording scope for much diversity. The diversity of AMF was studied in 10 different wheat growing regions of India as wheat is the second important food crop of India. This study would then help in exploiting the potential of these fungi in sustainable agriculture, particularly in wheat. The rhizosphere soil samples were collected from wheat fields. The mycorrhizal and soil parameters were analyzed and the trap cultures were raised from the collected samples for their further multiplication. The mycorrhizal parameters analysed include: total AMF spore count, species diversity of AMF, dominant AMF species, percent AMF colonization inside the roots and the infectivity potential of the AMF isolate. The soil parameters include analysis of pH, electrical conductivity, % total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. The spore count, root colonization, species diversity, dominant species and inoculum potential of AM fungi were found to vary with the agroclimatic region as well as the soil nutrient conditions. The number of species in a given region ranged from 1-20. Book of Abstracts 177
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Cavernularia: 356 Cenococcum: 500,
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Order Index Agaricales: 40, 50, 51,
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Vukojevic, J.: 363 Vurro, M.: 116 V
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