Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Main Congress Theme I: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Posters
Yeasts are a natural component of near shore and oceanic
environments, however the extensive tests required for
species identifications have hampered studies of their
ecological roles. Current use of molecular techniques has
resolved many of these issues. With electronic availability
of extensive gene sequences in Genbank, species can be
identified by sequence analysis and by design of speciesspecific
PCR primers and hybridization probes. In this
poster, we describe a macroarray hybridization assay,
which can be used to identify yeasts directly from
environmental samples or from cultured organisms. The
technique is in a microtiter format in which speciesspecific
probes are bound to the wells of the microtiter
plates; genomic DNA from target species are amplified and
labeled with biotin labeled universal primers. The probes
are hybridized with labeled target DNA and a positive
identification is indicated via a colorimetric assay. The
results are unambiguous: a color change indicates a
positive identification. The method is inexpensive, rapid,
accurate and amenable to shipboard as well as laboratory
use.
532 - Fungal diversity in set-aide agricultural soil
investigated using terminal-restriction fragment length
polymorphism (T-RFLP)
M. Klamer * & K. Hedlund
Lund University, Dept. of Zooecology, Getingevägan 60, S-
223 62 Lund, Sweden. - E-mail:
morten.klamer@zooekol.lu.se
In a newly abandoned agricultural land the fungal
community response to manipulation of the above ground
vegetation was investigated. The field site consisted of 20
plots where the plant diversity was managed by either
sowing 15 plant species or natural colonization was
allowed to occur. The plant mixture contained grasses,
legumes and forbs that all were expected to occur on the
site. A subset of the plots (5 from each treatment) was
inoculated with soil cores from a late successional stage.
Five years after abandonment soil cores were taken from
the plots and DNA was extracted using Bio101 soil
extraction kit. The ITS region of the rDNA gene was
amplified using fluorescently labelled fungal specific
primers (ITS 1F/ITS 4). The PCR products were digested
using HinfI and TaqI and analysed on an ABI 377
sequencer. Results from both restriction enzymes were
combined and a principal component analysis performed.
Also the species richness expressed as the number of
restriction fragments in each sample were analysed. These
results were compared with field observations of the
development in plant species composition.
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Book of Abstracts
533 - New and widespread genera of hypocrealean
Geosmithia on a hidden place
M. Kolarík
Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Benátská 2, 128
01 Prague, Czech Republic. - E-mail:
miroslavkolarik@seznam.cz
The genera of the polyphyletic genus Geosmithia (formerly
Penicillium) are recently placed to Eurotiales and
Hypocreales (G. putterilii and G. lavendula). The genetic
relationships among 90 isolates of Geosmithia spp.
collected from galleries of phloem boring insects and from
soil were investigated using RAPD analysis, rDNA,
microscopy and colony morphology. We found 14 groups
that were distinguished by both RAPD patterns and
morphological characters. Based on ITS1-5.8SrDNA-ITS2
sequences, phylogram relating representatives of RAPD
groups to the described species was constructed. Two
highly supported clades were found. First clade consisted
of type strain of P. pallidum and 3 new groups, second
clade contained 9 groups, with affinities to G. putterilii and
G. lavendula. Some groups are very charakteristical by its
morphology, fingerprint pattern and ITS region and
represent new genera as well as undescribed
subpopulations of G. putterilii. The only preference of
RAPD groups was found for associated insect (S. rugulosus
× S. intricatus), but not for host tree species or locality.
This implies that Geosmithia fungi are mostly vectored by
insect. The critical character of hypocrealean geosmithias
called 'peg foot' is described by its morphology and
ontogenesis. The newly found Geosmithia spp. (from G.
putterillii complex) are very abundant in early fungal
communities (next to yeast) of feedings of bark beetles.
534 - Eastern Carpathian lichens: National and
geomorphologic peculiarities
S.Ya. Kondratyuk
M.H. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Tereshchenkivska str.
2, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine. - E-mail: skondr@botan.keiv.ua
The first Catalogue of the lichen-forming, lichenicolous
and allied fungi of Eastern Carpathians Mts. including
1307 species (Kondratyuk, Lackovicova, Pisut & Popova
2002) allows to carry out the first attempt of comparison of
lichen florae of their national portions and geomorphologic
regions. The highest species diversity of fungi mentioned
(1095 species) is hitherto known from Ukrainian part of
Eastern Carpathian Mts., while the biggest Romanian part
(only 529 lichen species known) is still in urgent need of
special study. Polish and Slovak portions of Eastern
Carpathian Mts. are represented consequently by 508 and
411 species. Among geomorphologic units of the Eastern
Carpathian Mts. (accepted mainly after Kondraczky 1978),
Eastern Beskydy region (within Ukrainian part) is the most
well studied at the moment from lichenological point of
view. 659 species of lichen-forming and lichenicolous