Health Risks of Ionizing Radiation: - Clark University

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2003.160:381-407. Bibliography 233 Preston-Martin S, Thomas DC, White SC, Cohen D. Prior exposure to medical and dental x-rays related to tumors of the parotid gland. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1988.80(12):943-949. Preston-Martin S, Thomas DC, Yu MC, Henderson. Diagnostic radiography as a risk factor for chronic myeloid and monocytic leukemia (CML). British Journal of Cancer 1989.59:639-644. Prohl G, Muck K, Likhtarev I, Kovgan L, Golikov V. Reconstruction of the ingestion doses received by the population evacuated from the settlements in the 30-km zone around the Chernobyl reactor. Health Physics 2002.82(2):173-181. Pukkala E, Aspholm R, Auvinen A, Eliasch H, Gundestrup M, Haldorsen T, Hammar N, Hranfkelsson J, Kyyronen P, Linnersjo A, Rafnsson V, Storm H, Tveten U. Incidence of cancer among Nordic airline pilots over five decades: occupational cohort study. British Medical Journal 2002.325:567-569. Quastel MR, Goldsmith JR, Mirkin L, Poljak S, Barki Y, Levy J, Gorodischer R. Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in children from Chernobyl. Environmental Health Perspectives 1997.105(Suppl. 6):1497-1498. Rafnsson V, Hrafnkelsson J, Tulinius H. Incidence of cancer among commercial airline pilots. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2000.57:175-179. Ramzaev PV, Miretsky GI, Troitskaya MN, Dudarev AA. Radioecological peculiarities around the Novaya Zemlya (USSR) atomic testing range. International Journal of Radiation Hygiene 1993.1(1- 13). Reed EW, Thiessen KM, Hoffman FO, Apostoaei AI. Comparison of doses and risks obtained from dose reconstructions for historical operations of federal facilities that supported the devlopment, production, or testing of nuclear weapons. Health Physics 2003.84(6):687-697. Reynolds P, Austin DF. Cancer Incidence Among Employees of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1969-1980. The Western Journal of Medicine 1985.142:214-218. Richardson DB, Wing S. Greater sensitivity to ionizing radiation at older age: follow-up of workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory through 1990. International Journal of Epidemiology 1999.28:428- 435. Richardson DB, Wing S. Radiation and Mortality of Workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Positive Associations for Doses Received at Older Ages. Environmental Health Perspectives 1999.107:549- 655. Ritz B. adiation Exposure and Cancer Mortality in Uranium Processing Workers. Epidemiology 1999.10(5):531-538. Ritz B, Morgenstern H, Moncau J. ge at Exposure Modifies the Effects of Low-Level Ionizing Radiation on Cancer Mortality in an Occupational Cohort. Epidemiology 1999.10(2):135-140. Rogel A, Laurier D, Tirmarche M, Quesne B. Lung cancer in the French cohort of uranium miners. Journal of Radiological Protection 2002.22:A101-A106.
234 Bibliography Roman E, Beral V, Carpenter L, Watson A, Barton C, Ryder H, Aston DL. Childhood leukemia in the West Berskshire and Basingstoke and North Hampshire District Health Authorities in relation to nuclear establishments in the vicinity. British Medical Journal 1987.294(597-602). Romano E, Ferrucci L, Nicolai F, Derme V, De Stefano GF. Increase of chromosomal aberrations induced by ionizing radiation in peripheral blood lymphocytes of civil aviation pilots and crew members. Mutation Research 1997.377:89-93. Ron E. Ionizing Radiation and Cancer Risk: Evidence from Epidemiology. Radiation Research 1998.150(Supplement):S30-S41. Ron E. Cancer Risks From Medical Radiation. Health Physics 2003.85(1):47-59. Ron E, Doody MM, Becker DV, Brill B, Curtis RE, Goldman MB, Harris BSH, Hoffman DA, McConahey W, Maxon HR, Preston-Martin S, Warshauer E, Wong L, Boice Jr. JD. Cancer Mortality Following Treatment for Adult Hyperthyroidism. JAMA 1998.280(4):347-354. Ron E, Doody MM, Becker DV, Brill B, Curtis RE, Goldman MB, Harris BSHI, Hoffman DA, McConahey WM, Maxon HR, Preston-Martin S, Warshauer E, Wong FL, Boice JDJ. Cancer mortality following treatment for adult hyperthyroidism. The Journal of the American Medical Association 1998.280(4):347-355. Ron E, Lubin JH, Shore RE, Mabuchi K, Modan B, Pottern LM, Schneider AB, Tucker MA, Boice Jr. JD. Thyroid Cancer after Exposure to External Radiation: A Pooled Analysis of Seven Studies. Radiation Research 1995.141:259-277. Ron E, Modan B, Boice Jr. JD, Alfandary E, Stovall M, Chetrit A, Katz L. Tumors of the brain and nervous system after radiotherapy in childhood. New England Journal of Medicine 1988.319(16). Ron E, Modan B, Preston D, Aldandary E, Stovall M, Boice Jr. JD. Thyroid Neoplasia Following Low- Dose Radiation in Childhood. Radiation Research 1989.120(516-531). Roscoe R. An Update of Mortality from All Causes Among White Uranium Miners from the Colorado Plateau Study Group. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 1997.31(211-222). Roscoe R, Deddens J, Salvan A, Schnorr T. Mortality among Navajo Uranium Miners. American Journal of Public Health 1995.85(4):535-540. Ruttenber AJ, Hoffman FO, Carroll RJ, Thomas DC, Greenland S. 2004. A technical review of the final report of the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study. Unpublished report generated for Hanford litigation. Ruttenber AJ, Schonbeck M, Brown S, Wells T, McClure D, McCrea J, Popken D, Martyny J. 2003. March. Report of Epidemiologic Analysis Performed for Rocky Flats Production Workers Employed Between 1952-1989. Denver, CO: Department of Preventative Medicine and Biometrics; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Rybakov SJ, Komissarenko IV, Tronko ND, Kvachenyuk AN, Bogdanova TI, Kovalenko AE, Bolgov MY. Thyroid cancer in children of Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident. World Journal of Surgery 2000.24:1446-1449.
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Health Risks of Ionizing Radiation:
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Contents List of Tables ...........
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Contents iii Rocky Flats ..........
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Contents v APPENDIX A .............
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List of Figures Figure 1-1 Average
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We are indeed grateful to those who
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2 Introduction 1.2 A brief history
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4 Introduction Figure 1-2. The evol
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6 Introduction Figure 1-5(a). Alpha
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8 Introduction In epidemiological s
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10 Introduction precision to detect
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12 Introduction available informati
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14 Background Radiation Figure 2-1.
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16 Background Radiation Figure 2-3.
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18 Background Radiation
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20 Medical Exposures Fi
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22 Medical Exposures
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24 Medical Exposures with national
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26 Medical Exposures localized expo
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28 Medical Exposures (2.1-28.7). Th
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30 Medical Exposures posed 2.69 tim
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32 Medical Exposures with diagnosti
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34 Medical Exposures Table 3-1. Stu
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44 Atomic Bomb Survivors Figure 4-2
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46 Atomic Bomb Survivors
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48 Atomic Bomb Survivors approximat
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50 Atomic Bomb Survivors (ALL), acu
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52 Atomic Bomb Survivors of the 8 t
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5 Nuclear Weapons Testing Over 500
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60 Nuclear Weapons Testing by disti
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62 Nuclear Weapons Testing Figure 5
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64 Nuclear Weapons Testing near the
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66 Nuclear Weapons Testing
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68 Nuclear Weapons Testing
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6 RADIATION WORKERS Introduction Th
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72 Radiation Workers • 50 rem (0.
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74 Radiation Workers work, reports
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76 Radiation Workers Figure 6-5. A
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78 Radiation Workers Figure 6-8. To
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82 Radiation Workers Feed Material
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84 Radiation Workers by Beral et al
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88 Radiation Workers Table 6-1. Leu
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90 Radiation Workers No
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92 Radiation Workers N
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94 Radiation Workers S
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96 Radiation Workers ERR estim
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98 Mayak Workers Table 1. Dose (Gy)
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100 Mayak Workers workers at the ra
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102 Mayak Workers
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104 Uranium Miners enrichment facil
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106 Uranium Miners Samet et al. (19
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108 Uranium Miners were selected 12
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Uranium Miners 111
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9 RADIATION EXPOSURE IN FLIGHT The
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DNA damage (a chemical change in DN
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10 PRECONCEPTION EXPOSURES Several
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of risk in the lowest dose groups,
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found elevated solid cancer risk wi
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preconception doses between 2.5 and
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Table 10-1. Preconception irradiati
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Preconception Exposures 127
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Tracheoesophageal fistula and conge
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cancer were both associated with th
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0.10-4.71) while respiratory system
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elationship was not significant for
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times higher than in less-contamina
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Nuclear Power Accidents 139
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12 COMMUNITIES NEAR NUCLEAR FACILIT
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levels (this could not in itself be
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Figure 12-3. Native Americans from
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of leukemia was measured over a lar
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(RR 1.06; 1.00-1.11) and risks of s
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more that we can say about this app
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Communities Near Nuclear Facilities
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54 observed vs. 46.1 expected death
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13 DISCUSSION Our intention in crea
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myeloid leukemia) was significantly
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0.1-3.5 WLM; this is roughly equiva
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adon (Lubin et al. 1997). These res
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Leukemia Leukemia, a general term t
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vical cancer. The doses to these pa
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England have found it convenient to
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Thyroid disease Thyroid cancer is a
Page 194 and 195: 1986 through 1995. These workers sh
Page 196 and 197: dence of this disease includes elev
Page 198 and 199: Analysis of preconception exposure
Page 200 and 201: Paternal age, education, drinking O
Page 202 and 203: Gardner et al. 1990 Employed at Sel
Page 204 and 205: we consider this group of a few hun
Page 206 and 207: Leukemia risk (excluding CLL) among
Page 208 and 209: Glossary of Terms for Epidemiology
Page 210 and 211: Glossary 199 Beta radiation: Stream
Page 212 and 213: Dosimetry: Measurement or estimatio
Page 214 and 215: Glossary 203 Hypothyroidism: The cl
Page 216 and 217: Glossary 205 Metastasis: 1. Movemen
Page 218 and 219: Glossary 207 waves, ultra violet (U
Page 220 and 221: Glossary 209 Thyroid Disease: disea
Page 222 and 223: Bibliography ATSDR. Public Health A
Page 224 and 225: Bhatia S, Sklar C. Second cancers i
Page 226 and 227: Bibliography 215 Cavallo D, Tomao P
Page 228 and 229: Bibliography 217 Department of Ener
Page 230 and 231: Bibliography 219 Gardner MJ, Hall A
Page 232 and 233: Haldorsen T, Reitan JB, Tveten U. C
Page 234 and 235: Bibliography 223 Howe GR, Nair R, N
Page 236 and 237: of Mayak, A comparison of numerical
Page 238 and 239: Bibliography 227 Laird NM. Thyroid
Page 240 and 241: control population. International J
Page 242 and 243: Bibliography 231 Neel JV, Schull WJ
Page 246 and 247: Bibliography 235 Saccomanno G, Auer
Page 248 and 249: Bibliography 237 analysis of cancer
Page 250 and 251: Bibliography 239 Tokarskaya ZB, Sco
Page 252 and 253: Journal of Epidemiology 1987.125(2)
Page 254 and 255: Actinium, 84 Acute lymphocytic leuk
Page 256 and 257: and Nevada Test Site, 60-61, 62 nuc
Page 258 and 259: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 185 Heal
Page 260 and 261: studies, 101-2 Medical exposure, 19
Page 262 and 263: (RERF), 43 Radiation Exposure Compe
Page 264: Viruses, 118, 154, 193 West Germany
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