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112 Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 8.2 Review of UK and international waste combustion practice 8.2.1 Combustion of MSW for energy in the UK There are a number of MSW energy recovery plants in operation in the UK using combustion technology, and numerous examples worldwide. In total in the UK, 45.1% (12.9 million tonnes) of MSW had value recovered from it in 2007/08 (including recycling, composting, energy from waste and fuel manufacture), a rise from 41.8% (12.2 million tonnes) in 2006/07. It has been estimated that Energy from Waste (EfW) capacity in the UK in 2007 reached 4.9 million tonnes. 198 The vast majority of sites in the UK that combust mixed waste and recover energy use MSW. This is because the long term contracts available from local authorities for waste management enable the development of what are very high capital cost plants. However, there are some merchant plants being proposed in the UK and Lakeside is one of the first of these. These plants are being developed without MSW contracts, and, although MSW will probably dominate input, these plants will also have more flexibility to take commercial and industrial waste streams. Table 56 Current EfW of MSW to generate electricity 199 Site and Operator Edmonton, SITA / London Waste Allington Quarry, Kent Enviropower Ltd Coventry, Coventry and Solihull Waste Disposal SELCHP, Onyx Selchp Tyseley, Veolia Environmental Services Sheffield ERF, Veolia ES Billingham, Cleveland WTE, Sita UK Marchwood, Veolia Environmental Location Quantity of MSW tonnes p.a. Energy Generation Operational North London 500,000 55MWe 1989 Kent 500,000 with separation of 65,000 t for recycling. 50 MWe Warwickshire 250,000 20 MWe and 14.5 MWe 2007 2000 Middlesex 420,000 30 MWe 1994 Warwickshire 350,000 28 MWe (25MWe exported to grid) Sheffield 225,000 19MWe and Teesside 350,000 being increased to Southampton, Hampshire 60MWh 19 MWe 1996 2007 1998 475,400 165,000 15MWe 2006 198 Mass burn begins its big breakthrough, ENDS Report 394, November 2007, p.28-31. 199 Waste to Energy Plants in the UK, http://www.industcards.com/wte-uk.htm, EPER UK Facilities Report, 2001, http://www.eper.ec.europa.eu/eper2/Activity_FacilityList.asp?year=2001&area=UK&id=17&EmissionAir=on
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 Site and Operator Services Marchwood, Veolia Environmental Services Portsmouth, Veolia Environmental Services Havant, Veolia Environmental Services Stoke Sideway, Stoke on Trent Bolton, Greater Manchester Waste Ltd Kirklees Waste to Energy Plant, Sita UK Baldovie, Dundee EfW Plant Dudley, Dudley Waste Services Ltd Location Quantity of MSW tonnes p.a. Energy Generation Operational Hampshire 165,000 14 MWe 2004 Hampshire 165,000 14 MWe 2005 Portsmouth, Hampshire 165,000 14MWe 2006 Staffordshire 200,000 12.5MWe 1997 Lancashire 120,000 10 MWe 2000 refurbishment Huddersfield 136,000 9MWe 2002 Dundee, Scotland 120,000 of course SRF, from MSW and C&I 8MWe 1999 Staffordshire 90,000 7.4 MWe 1998 Chineham, Veolia ES Hampshire Ltd Hampshire 90,000 7 MWe 2003 Wolverhampton West 105,000 7MWe 1998 Isle of Man EfW Plant, Sita UK Grimsby, NewLincs Development Ltd Midlands Isle of Mann 60,000 including tyres North East Lincolnshire 6MWe (5MW exported to grid) 56,000 3.45 MWe and 3 MWh as CHP 2005 2004 Estimations of energy efficiency for each plant are difficult to make as such figures are not readily available and the waste input may vary, affecting the efficiencies. It is likely that the number of EfW combustion plants will increase in the future. To meet the UK’s 2013 and 2020 landfill diversion targets it has been estimated that an additional 8.5 million tonnes of annual processing capacity for MSW alone will be required. 200 It is likely that a proportion of this will be as EfW plants with potentially 25% of MSW going to EfW eventually. 200 Waste Infrastructure Delivery Programme (WIDP) Action Plan, Defra, http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/waste/wip/widp/documents/widp- actionplan.pdf 113
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South East 327 - - 55% of MSW by 20
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Appendix 3 MBT Methods Specific in
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Figure 27 Orchid Environmental proc
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