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62 Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 Table 27 Forestry residue arisings in the UK, based on total area of 2.8 M ha, and estimates of residue/ha pa 93 Residue Broad-Leaf Residue Conifer Total Residue (odt pa) Broadleaf Conifer Region (‘000 ha) (‘000 ha) (odt pa) (odt pa) England 757 367 302,800 550,500 853,300 Wales 127 158 50,800 237,000 287,800 Scotland Northern 293 1,048 117,200 1,572,000 1,689,200 Ireland 103 15 56 595 83,265 83,860 UK - Total 1,177 1,573 470,800 2,359,500 2,830,300 The report by McKay et al (2003) does not provide the equivalent data for Northern Ireland, hence the arising data for Northern Ireland in Table 26 has been estimated using the above method. 4.6.4 Primary processing co-products Definition and Composition The process of converting trees into usable wooden products creates considerable wastage. Approximately 50% of the volume of stem wood that is sold to sawmills is usually converted into timber products such as planks, batons, etc. 100 The remainder is commonly called co-product and can include bark, chips, off cuts and sawdust. Such co-products are normally sold, used for a variety of different purposes including paper and panel boards manufacture. Hence these products often already have an existing market. However, it is anticipated that 10% of all co-products would be available as fuel sources without major effects on existing industries. Current Arisings Table 28 outlines the primary processing co-product arising in Great Britain. It can be seen that approximately 2% is used as wood fuel, most of which is used by the sawmills themselves. The latest figures indicate that 83% of co-product is consumed by the panel board industries. Table 28 Proportions of primary processing co-products sold for further use. 100 Sold to Wood Processing Industries Other Sales Weight Co-product Weight Co-product Weight Co-product (odt pa) (odt pa) (odt pa) Sawdust 158,742 Sawdust 12,890 Sold as bark 95,664 Slabwood 1,039 Slabwood 48 Burnt for heat 11,931 Peeled Peeled Disposed Chips 487,570 Chips 12,161 rubbish/burning 797 Unpeeled Unpeeled Total co- Chips 63,652 Chips 5,411 products 859,002 Other 5,203 Firewood 2,941 Other 953 Exploring the arisings at a regional level produces the following results: • Almost half (47%) of the co-product originates from Scottish mills, with 34% from England and 19% from Wales. • Within England there are striking contrasts in arisings with the West Midlands accounting for 35% of English production and 12% of British output but the neighbouring East Midlands producing less than one tenth of the table below. 103 Forest Service, 2002. Facts and Figures, http://www.forestserviceni.gov.uk/factfigures01-02.pdf
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 Table 29 Regional arising of co-products 104,105 4.6.5 Arboriculture Arisings Region Sawmill Co-product (odt pa) East Midlands 7,664 East of England 24,577 North East 50,615 North West 37,899 South East 22,191 South West 27,204 West Midlands 100,460 Yorkshire and Humberside 18,969 England - Total 289,579 Scotland 403,538 Wales 165,783 Northern Ireland 100,000 UK - Total 958,900 Definition and Composition Arboriculture sources of wood residues include the products of felling, thinning and pruning of trees, and include residues from maintenance of trees in roadside and public areas throughout the UK. Arboricultural arising data does not exist for Northern Ireland. The residues are usually left on-site in the form of chippings or removed to landfill. Only a small proportion is currently used for energy end markets. The estimations of arboricultural arisings are based on a questionnaire analysis of arboricultural companies, tree officers and local authorities. 100 Total values for stem wood, branch wood, wood chips and foliage produced and subsequently sold was gathered. This information was scaled up by multiplying the respondent average by the total number of contractors in each region. Current Arisings The South East, including London, contributes about 25% of the English resource, while Yorkshire and Humberside and the East Midlands also have substantial arisings: these three regions provide in total more than half the arisings in Britain. As with the other resources, actual availability of forestry residues will be dependent on the prices offered for wood fuel end uses in comparison to those being offered by competing markets. 104 The data is taken from About Woodfuel, Forest Research, 2003. The data is derived from the 2000 Annual Sawmill Survey and the co-incident Biennial Sawmill Survey carried out by the Forestry Commission Economics and Statistics Unit (McKay et al 2003). It is based on a voluntary survey where the data from the response is scaled up to national scale, which is a source of error. 105 The Committee for Agriculture and Rural Development Report into Renewable Energy and Alternative Land Use Northern Ireland Assembly, 2007, http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/agriculture/2007mandate/reports/390708R.htm 63
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South East 327 - - 55% of MSW by 20
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Appendix 3 MBT Methods Specific in
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Figure 27 Orchid Environmental proc
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