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74 Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 5.1.3 Commercial and Industrial Waste Wood (C&I) The main sources of wood waste originating within the C&I waste stream are off cuts and wastes from: • Furniture manufacture • Manufacture of products for use in construction e.g. roofing timbers, joists, floorboards, doors and windows • Wood waste during manufacture of wooden packaging • Wood wastes from waste wooden packaging • Utility poles • Railway sleepers. A number of surveys have been conducted on specific industries within the C&I waste stream by organisations such as the Environment Agency, British Furniture manufacturers (BFM), FIET, FIRA and TRADA. These data sources have been assessed by Nikitas et al (2005) and, in general, were rated as being of poor quality. The total C&I waste wood arisings were estimated to be 4,481,000 tonnes. General waste wood arisings were identified as the largest source of arisings, with the second largest contribution from panel board manufacture (which accounts for a quarter of all wood wastes arising from the C&I sector, but it is believed that much of this figure is consumed within the industry to generate process heat). 25% 12% 1% 1% 4% 1% 56% Other C&I w ood w aste Railw ay Sleepers Utility Poles Furniture Manufacture Panelboard Manufacture Construction Industry Product Manufacture Wooden Packaging Manufacture Figure 13 Waste wood arisings for C&I type activities Future Arisings for all waste streams The WRAP report by Nikitas et al (2005) is also the best source of predictions of future arisings of waste wood. A simple model forecast for the various waste streams up until 2015 was generated and the results shown in Table 38 shows estimations for the future waste wood arisings , taking into account the relevant legislations and targets such as the Landfill Directive, the Packaging Directive, the Landfill Tax and the Aggregates Levy.
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 Table 38 Estimations of future Waste wood arisings from various waste streams. Year MSW arisings (‘000 tonnes, no furniture) MSW furniture (‘000 tonnes) C&D (‘000 tonnes) C&I (‘000 tonnes) 2008 1,147 648 5167 6,612 2012 1,217 688 5271 6,678 2015 1,273 719 5351 6,729 Conclusions The UK produces a large quantity of waste wood, arising from a variety of waste streams. The specific data quality is largely poor. Overall it is estimated that over 7.5 million tonnes of waste wood are generated each year. The limiting factors for the use of waste wood are the presence of any contaminants and the difficulty in sorting and segregating mixed waste streams to provide wood in the form and quantity required. Most, if not all, of this wood will have been treated in some way, so if it is to be used for energy or fuels this must be done in a WID compliant facility. In addition there are alternative existing markets for wood waste. These include: • Use in panel board manufacture • Use to make horticultural surface products • Use to make animal bedding • Combustion in small scale wood burning boilers • Incineration with or without the recovery of energy Any large-scale effort to encourage the use of waste wood for energy or fuels generation will need to take these established uses into account. The wood recycling industry has significantly increased in size since 1996, when less than 200,000 tonnes of waste wood was recycled. All of the companies conducting either wood waste collection or sorting of the collected wood to produce products suitable for recycling are private sector companies. The amount of wood which was recycled in 2008 was 2.0 million tonnes, of which 1.1 million tonnes was used in panel board manufacture and 0.4 million tonnes was sent to biomass energy recovery facilities. 5.2 Food Waste Background This section contains waste arising data for food waste, which has been split into food waste arisings from households and food waste arisings from the commercial and industrial sector. For each of these two sectors data is provided for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Food waste amounts to 18-20 million tonnes each year, for which 6.7 million tonnes is discarded from UK households. The commercial and industrial sector contribute 1.6 million tonnes from retailers, 4.1 million tonnes from food manufacturers and 3 million tonnes from food service and restaurants. 119 The proportion of food waste currently captured is low across the UK, most is sent to landfill. Correspondingly there is scope for further collection and utilisation of food waste. 120 Indeed, the Landfill Directive requires increasing collection up to 2020. Such waste could potentially be converted into compost, anaerobically digested and the gas collected, or, more exceptionally, thermally treated. 119 Non-Household Food Waste, WRAP, http://www.wrap.org.uk/retail/food_waste/nonhousehold_food.html 120 Hogg. D, Barth. J, Schleiss. K, and Favoino. E , 2007, Dealing with Food Waste In the UK, Eunomia Research and Consulting for WRAP. 75
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South East 327 - - 55% of MSW by 20
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Appendix 3 MBT Methods Specific in
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Figure 27 Orchid Environmental proc
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