to read the full report - Ecolateral by Peter Jones
to read the full report - Ecolateral by Peter Jones
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Table 2 Summary of Technologies and <strong>the</strong> Risks and Barriers <strong>to</strong>wards adoption.<br />
12<br />
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes <strong>to</strong> Fuels and Energy<br />
AEA/ED45551/Issue 1<br />
Colour of red, yellow or green signifies <strong>the</strong> risk status of <strong>the</strong> technology: red is high risk, yellow is medium risk and green is low risk.<br />
Risks<br />
Technology Technical Social and Planning Financial Regula<strong>to</strong>ry<br />
Mechanical and<br />
Biological<br />
Treatment (MBT)<br />
Mechanical and<br />
Heat Treatment<br />
(MHT)<br />
Low Medium<br />
Not as divisive as an<br />
incinera<strong>to</strong>r but still subject of<br />
concern as a waste<br />
technology.<br />
High<br />
Demonstration projects only at present.<br />
Combustion Low <strong>to</strong> medium<br />
Many commercial installations,<br />
however <strong>the</strong> materials handling aspects<br />
have proved troublesome in <strong>the</strong> UK and<br />
<strong>the</strong>re is a lack of experience.<br />
Agricultural residues and poor quality<br />
wood fuels may give high ash contents<br />
that lead <strong>to</strong> problems with boiler fouling.<br />
Wastes regulated under WID will need<br />
extensive emissions moni<strong>to</strong>ring<br />
equipment.<br />
Medium<br />
Not as divisive as an<br />
incinera<strong>to</strong>r but still subject of<br />
concern as a waste<br />
technology.<br />
High<br />
High where used <strong>to</strong> produce<br />
electricity on a regional basis<br />
as it will be perceived as an<br />
incinera<strong>to</strong>r irrespective of its<br />
efficiency or recycling<br />
credentials<br />
Medium<br />
Requires revenue from sale of<br />
fuel but market not well<br />
established.<br />
Fuel is still classed as a waste<br />
which may give problems with<br />
sale and use, and hence<br />
price.<br />
Standards and agreed<br />
specifications are needed <strong>to</strong><br />
make <strong>the</strong> fuel product a<br />
traded commodity.<br />
Medium<br />
Requires revenue from sale of<br />
fuel but market not well<br />
established.<br />
Fuel is still classed as a waste<br />
which may give problems with<br />
sale and use, and hence<br />
price.<br />
Standards and agreed<br />
specifications are needed <strong>to</strong><br />
make <strong>the</strong> fuel product a<br />
traded commodity.<br />
Medium<br />
Track record of delays in<br />
planning for waste projects<br />
are a disincentive.<br />
Wood and agricultural<br />
residues are normally OK in<br />
normal circumstances<br />
Medium<br />
Fuel is still classed as a waste<br />
which may give problems with<br />
sale and use, and hence price.<br />
The legal status needs <strong>to</strong> be<br />
clarified. Standards would help<br />
<strong>to</strong> clarify definitions.<br />
Medium<br />
Fuel is still classed as a waste<br />
which may give problems with<br />
sale and use hence a reduced<br />
price.<br />
The legal status needs <strong>to</strong> be<br />
clarified. Standards would help<br />
<strong>to</strong> clarify definitions.<br />
Medium<br />
Receives subsidy via <strong>the</strong><br />
Renewables Obligation.<br />
Waste incineration directive<br />
compliance is usually<br />
necessary.<br />
Co-firing waste in a utility boiler<br />
is difficult as it would require <strong>the</strong><br />
reclassification of <strong>the</strong> whole<br />
station as an incinera<strong>to</strong>r<br />
Fly ash may contain dioxin and<br />
be classed as hazardous waste.