to read the full report - Ecolateral by Peter Jones

More documents

Recommendations

Info

70 Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 exceeded. 110 Waste wood could potentially become a valuable energy resource, but the market lacks tight specifications for the quality of wood sourced. 111 One of the main barriers to utilisation of this resource is that the types and volumes of waste wood are largely unknown. 112,113 Treated and post-consumer waste wood is generated from a number of different sources: 112 • Municipal solid waste (all waste collected under local authority contracts) • Industrial wood processing (such as furniture manufacture, including kitchen, office, exhibition or shop fitting furniture), • Industrial waste, • Commercial and business waste (e.g. from refurbishment), • Construction and demolition waste and • Packaging and pallets. Data sources The data used to compile this chapter is taken from sources such as Defra, the Environment Agency and WRAP (Waste and Resource Action Programme), in particular the 2005 WRAP report by Nikitas et al. which was identified as the most authoritative work to date, and reviews and ranks all previous sources. These comprehensive reviews and surveys of specific sectors have been used and extrapolated from to generate a picture for regions of the UK. This method provides estimates but there is a danger in putting too much reliance on it – there are big uncertainties and there are also likely to be large variations with time, depending on economic activity, particularly if large companies leave the UK or change their business. Packaging waste does not come under any specific waste stream and so is covered briefly in Box 1. Box 1. Packaging waste Packaging waste is not a specific waste stream, but arises from municipal, commercial, industrial and construction waste streams. The most significant type of waste wood arisings are those from pallets, but in addition packaging waste wood is also generated from cases, boxes, crates, cable drums, casks and barrels. All of these categories are largely made from softwood. Waste wood from packaging in the commercial and industrial sector was estimated to generate arisings of nearly 900,000 tonnes in 1998. Important quantities of packaging waste are also believed to arise on construction sites. Data on wood packaging waste across the different waste streams is available from Timcon (Timber Packaging and Pallet Confederation). The estimated total tonnage in the UK for 2004 was about 1.4 million tonnes in 2004. However, this data is taken from Prodcom, based on survey samples of UK manufacturers, and presumably importers and exporters. Timcon’s view is that this data is of poor quality. 110 The potential use of waste wood in the North East as an efficient biomass fuel source , K Coombs, http://www.northwoods.org.uk/files/northwoods/publications/Northwoods_WasteWoodFuelSource.pdf 111 The environmental regulation of wood, Environment Agency, http://www.environmentagency.gov.uk/static/documents/Business/ps005_2077240.pdf 112 Review of wood waste arisings and management in the UK, 2005, Nikitas et al, Published by WRAP. 113 ‘Waste wood as a Biomass Fuel’ – Defra, April 2008, ‘UK Biomass Strategy’ – Defra, May 2007
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 5.1.1 Municipal Wood Waste Municipal wood waste comprises of disposal by households; for example, furniture, fencing, decking, wood cuts from DIY, garden wastes and wood packaging. Wood waste from the municipal stream is usually mixed with other waste and rarely available as a clean source. It would need to be separated, cleaned and processed before it would form a useful wood fuel source, unless it goes to mass burn incineration. Estimation of waste wood in the municipal waste stream is difficult as the data represents all household waste and rarely specifies the quantities of specific fractions. However a number of compositional studies have been performed and are used below. Current Arisings Considering the available compositional data for MSW waste streams in 2005, the estimate percentages shown in Table 33 were established. Table 33 Waste wood and furniture waste as a percentage of MSW waste streams Household Collection Bulky waste collections Civic Amenity Site waste Waste wood Furniture 1.11% (Wales) 1.91% (rest of UK) 0.06% (Wales) 0.18% (rest of UK) 6.03% 37% 12.53% (Wales) 9.05% (rest of UK) 5.86% (Wales) 4.3% (rest of UK) Collection round nonhousehold waste 0.6% 0% Applying these percentages to the most recent overall tonnages for MSW in the English Regions, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland to provide an estimate for the waste wood arising in tonnes (and where possible values for English regions) yielded the following results: 114 Table 34 Estimate of wood content of MSW in the UK for 2003/4, excluding furniture Wood Arisings (‘000 tonnes) Waste Stream England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales UK Household Collection 356 12 38 12 418 (39%) Bulky Collections 37 1 7 2 47 (4%) Civic Amenity 498 23 37 13 572 (54%) Non Household Collection 22 0 3 2 27 (3%) Total Wood in MSW 913 37 85 29 1,065 Clearly the dominant source of municipal wood is the Civic Amenity Sites, which in 2003/4 accounted for over half of the arisings, due to the presence of garden waste at CA sites. Furniture in Municipal Waste It has not been possible to identify a suitable percentage for wood composition for furniture in the MSW waste stream. The figures below also include coverings, surface treatments and glass. 114 More up to date data is of MSW arising is available, however not in the detailed waste streams within MSW required for the calculation here. 71
Page 1 and 2:
Evaluation of Opportunities for Con
Page 3 and 4:
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20: Evaluation of Opportunities for Con
Page 69: Evaluation of Opportunities for Con
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189:
South East 327 - - 55% of MSW by 20
Page 192 and 193:
Appendix 3 MBT Methods Specific in
Page 194 and 195:
Figure 27 Orchid Environmental proc
show all

to read the full report - Ecolateral by Peter Jones

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?