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42 Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 Table 14 shows the estimated arisings of C&D waste in the UK by English Region 40 and by Country. The waste will contain a mixture of mineral waste, soil, wood and plastics. Table 14 C&D Waste arisings in the UK, 2005 Region Construction and Demolition Waste (‘000 tonnes) East Midlands 9,821 East of England 11,553 London 8,034 North East 4,815 North West 11,345 South East 14,245 South West 9,482 West Midlands 9,840 Yorkshire and Humber 10,497 England - Total 89,632 Northern Ireland 12,200 41 Scotland 11,800 42 Wales 5,000 43 UK – Total 118,600 A breakdown of the disposal routes for C&D waste arisings is shown in Table 15. 40 As can be seen a significant proportion of the material is already recycled, almost all of this will be mineral waste that is crushed and used as aggregate, displacing virgin aggregate. Table 15 Regional arisings and management (‘000 tonnes) of C&D waste in England Region Recycled Used on Exempt Site Landfilled Total East Midlands 5,591 733 3,497 9,821 East of England 6,031 1,683 3,839 11,553 London 4,846 2,041 1,147 8,034 North East 1,881 804 2,130 4,815 North West 6,721 1,958 2,666 11,345 South East 6,615 2,513 5,117 14,245 South West 4,030 2,017 3,435 9,482 West Midlands 4,918 2,911 2,011 9,840 Yorkshire and Humber 5,806 7856 3,906 10,497 England –Total 46,439 15,445 27,748 89,632 Northern Ireland - - - 12,200 Scotland 50% 44 - - 11,800 Wales 29% 56% 15% 5,000 40 Survey of Arisings and Use of Alternatives to Primary Aggregates in England, 2005; Construction, Demolition and Excavation Waste. Report for Department for Communities and Local Government by Capita Symonds Ltd, in association with WRc plc, February 2008 41 Survey on the arising and management of construction and demolition waste in Wales in 2005-06. Environment Agency, Wales. 42 Waste Data Digest 8: Key facts and trends. Scottish Environmental Protection Agency, 2008 43 Construction and demolition waste survey. Environment and Heritage Service (EHS), 2004 44 Internal AEA estimate from AEA expert.
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Wastes and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 4.3.4 Future Arisings Three surveys of arisings of construction and demolition (C&D) waste in England have been conducted since the year 2000. The findings are summarised in Table 16. Table 16: Estimated arisings (million tonnes) of construction and demolition waste in England 2001 2003 2005 Recycled aggregate and soil 43.3 45.4 46.4 Landfilled at landfill sites 23.2 29.1 27.8 Used at Registered Exempt sites 22.4 16.4 15.4 Total 88.9 90.9 89.6 A comparison of the estimates for 2001, 2003 and 2005 shows that the total arisings of C&D waste are similar. The amount of C&D waste which is recycled has increased from 49% in 2001 to 52% in 2005, but this increase is not statistically significant. The amount of material used on Registered Exempt sites has fallen by 7 million tonnes since 2001, and the amount of waste landfilled at landfill sites has increased by 4.5 million tonnes since 2001. 45 The data in Table 16 show that there has been little growth in C&D arisings since 2001. Another projection estimated an average annual growth rate of 0% per annum for construction and demolition waste in the South East from 2005 to 2020. Consequently, an average growth rate of 0% per annum has been used to estimate future arisings of this stream. 4.3.5 Conclusions Construction and demolition waste is the largest of the three controlled waste streams, with the UK producing an estimated 118.6 million tonnes in 2005. The majority of the waste is mineral, bricks, concrete, etc, and as such can be crushed and used to displace virgin aggregate. A significant proportion will be soil, which can be reused as soil or also used to displace virgin aggregate. However this waste stream will also contain a proportion of wood and plastics that could be used for energy production. Although it is possible to recycle or recover many of these materials, in practice this is not often done due to the level of contamination and the diverse nature of the sources. Data on arisings of this waste stream is currently very limited, however this situation should improve in the near future with the reporting requirements of the PPC becoming widespread. 4.3.6 Predicted Future Arisings for MSW, C&I and C&D Table 17 gives the summary arisings of Municipal Solid Waste, Commercial and Industrial Waste and Construction and Demolition Wastes by country in the UK. For all countries in the UK significantly more construction and demolition waste is produced than any other waste stream, while MSW waste arisings is the smallest waste stream of the three controlled categories. 45 Sites exempted under the terms of Paragraphs 9A(1) and/or 19A(2) of Schedule 3 to the Waste Management Licensing Regulations 1994 as amended by the Waste Management Licensing (England and Wales) (Amendment and Related Provisions) (No.3) Regulations 2005 (SI No.2005/1728); ‘Paragraph 9A(1) sites’ are registered exempt sites where exemption holders are permitted to spread up to 20,000 m³/ha of certain specified waste materials including soil, rock, ash, some sludges, dredgings or C&D waste for land reclamation /restoration / improvement purposes or agricultural improvement. Paragraph 19A(2) sites are registered exempt sites where exemption holders are permitted to use certain specified waste materials including C&D waste, excavation waste, ash, clinker, rock, wood or gypsum in connection with recreational or infrastructure projects, excluding land reclamation. 43
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South East 327 - - 55% of MSW by 20
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Appendix 3 MBT Methods Specific in
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Figure 27 Orchid Environmental proc
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