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16 Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Fuels and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 the relative timeframes of structural changes and technology developments necessary to maximise implementation. • Develop a better market understanding of the impacts of increased energy usage on alternative and existing markets for straw and other residues. • Municipal and solid waste is being managed using more sustainable technologies. There is interest in developing these technologies on one site, so that recycling, separation technologies or mechanical and biological treatment and anaerobic digestion is all integrated. NNFCC could examine the potential energy benefits in such trends and the impact they may have on energy recovery from waste in general. 1.6 System Overview An energy system based on the use of wastes and biomass is built up as a chain of several operations. Waste is collected, processed and delivered to a generating plant where it can be converted to heat, power or transport fuels. Each step is delivered by a different sector with its own priorities and constraints. The waste management industry prioritises safe and reliable disposal and has in the past selected technologies that guarantee this. Better matching of resources and end use should result in improved resource use efficiency and GHG mitigation as CHP installations can be sized to match heat loads and higher added value products are produced in cost effective installations that can use economy of scale. With the exception of conventional incineration all of the energy technologies require the feedstock to be treated to ensure a measure of consistency of composition and properties. In our opinion the conversion of waste components to consistent fuels will be a major factor in enabling more efficient alternatives to be deployed.
Evaluation of Opportunities for Converting Indigenous UK Wastes to Fuels and Energy AEA/ED45551/Issue 1 Figure 2 Material and energy flows and appropriate technology Arisings Fuels Local scale applications MSW Bio Solids Commercial & Industrial wastes Forestry Residues Agricultural Residues Solid recovered fuels Graded waste wood fuel Clean grade chips Domestic grade pellets Industrial grade pellet AD for CHP and grid injection Commercial CHP and District heat Individual heating installations AD for CHP Regional scale applications Electricity only and CHP (incineration) Industrial CHP Methanation for grid Electricity only Biological 2 nd gen biofuel 17 National scale applications Gasification for Transport Biofuel Gasification and Methanation for pipeline gas Utility co firing
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South East 327 - - 55% of MSW by 20
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Appendix 3 MBT Methods Specific in
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Figure 27 Orchid Environmental proc
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