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14<br />
The<br />
present<br />
participle<br />
98<br />
Al zingend(e) kwamen de spel<strong>er</strong>s van het veld.<br />
The play<strong>er</strong>s came off the field singing.<br />
Als l<strong>er</strong>aar zijnde heb je veel w<strong>er</strong>k.<br />
Being a teach<strong>er</strong> you have a lot of work.<br />
Most of the time, howev<strong>er</strong>, the adv<strong>er</strong>bial present participle does not end<br />
in -e. It is used to express the mann<strong>er</strong> in which something is done.<br />
Examples:<br />
Pratend kwamen de studenten het lokaal binnen.<br />
The students ent<strong>er</strong>ed the classroom talking.<br />
Zingend stond zij de was te strijken.<br />
She sang while she was ironing the laundry.<br />
Pet<strong>er</strong>, eet niet zo smakkend!<br />
Pet<strong>er</strong>, don’t eat so noisily!<br />
Rokend zat de taxichauffeur acht<strong>er</strong> het stuur.<br />
The cabdriv<strong>er</strong> sat behind the wheel and smoked.<br />
The present participle as adv<strong>er</strong>b can also have additional sentence elements.<br />
Examples:<br />
Een sigaretje rokend zat de taxichauffeur acht<strong>er</strong> het stuur.<br />
Smoking a cigarette, the cabdriv<strong>er</strong> sat behind the wheel.<br />
Lekk<strong>er</strong> even een sigaretje rokend zat de taxichauffeur acht<strong>er</strong> het<br />
stuur.<br />
Enjoying a cigarette for a minute, the cabdriv<strong>er</strong> sat behind the wheel.<br />
De rokende taxichauffeur
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