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5 Praat Erik vaak over politiek? Nee, hij zegt dat hij er bijna nooit over praat. Does Erik talk about politics a lot? No, he says he almost never talks about it. 6 Dacht je deze week veel aan je belastingformulieren? Ja, ik was boos omdat ik er gisteren de hele dag aan moest denken. Did you think about your tax forms a lot this week? Yes, I was angry because yesterday I had to think about them the entire day. Pronominal adverbs with hier and daar The pronominal adverbs beginning with hier- or daar- differ from those with er- because they can appear unseparated or separated at the beginning of the sentence, whereas a pronominal adverb with er- cannot. Whether to use hier- or daar- depends on the speaker’s distance, in time or in place, from the object of the sentence. Examples: Denk je nog wel eens aan die vreselijke vakantie op Terschelling? Nee, daaraan wil ik nooit meer denken. Do you ever think about that terrible vacation on Terschelling? No, I never want to think about that again. Alternative: Nee, daar wil ik nooit meer aan denken. Or: Nee, ik wil daar nooit meer aan denken. Heb je geen betere schaar voor me? Hiermee kan ik niks beginnen. Don’t you have a better pair of scissors for me? I can’t do anything with this. Alternative: Hier kan ik niks mee beginnen. Or: Ik kan hier niks mee beginnen. In the first sentence, the object of the conversation, the trip to Terschelling, lies further away in the speaker’s past. That is why the pronominal adverb with daar- is used. In the second sentence, the speaker has the scissors in his/her hands, is close to the object, and thus he/she uses the pronominal adverb with hier-. Grammatically, all three varieties in word order in both sentences are equally correct. It is a matter of preference what the speaker wishes to emphasize. The most important thing to remember is that pronominal adverbs with hier- and daar- can be at the beginning of the sentence, while er- cannot. Daarvan heb ik nog nooit gehoord. Or: Daar heb ik nog nooit van gehoord. Pronominal adverbs with hier and daar 79
11 Pronominal adverbs 80 However: Ik heb er nog nooit van gehoord. I’ve never heard of it. Overview Preposition Pronoun, question word Pronominal adverb van dit/deze hiervan of this van die/dat daarvan of that van het ervan of it van wat? waarvan? of what? The pronominal adverb as relative pronoun When a relative sentence refers to an object with a preposition, the pronominal adverb waar + preposition is used. Examples (with separated alternatives): Het boek waarover we praten (waar we over praten) is heel interessant. The book about which we talk is very interesting. Dit is een instrument waarmee je hele leuke dingen kunt doen (waar je hele leuke dingen mee kunt doen). This is an instrument with which you can do very fun things. Hij heeft een auto waarvoor hij bijna niks heeft betaald (waar hij bijna niks voor heeft betaald). He owns a car for which he paid almost nothing. Kleren? Dat is nou zoiets waaraan ik liever geen cent uitgeef (waar ik liever geen cent aan uitgeef ). Clothes? That really is something on which I’d rather not spend a penny. Note: When the relative pronoun is separated, the preposition is moved to right before the conjugated verb: ...waar je hele leuke dingen mee kunt doen. Pronominal adverbs expressing motion When the verb in the sentence expresses motion from one place to another, we add heen or naartoe or vandaan to the adverbs waar, daar and hier. Examples:
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INTERMEDIATE DUTCH: A GRAMMAR AND W
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INTERMEDIATE DUTCH: A GRAMMAR AND W
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CONTENTS Preface vii 1 Conjunctions
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PREFACE This book is an intermediat
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UNIT ONE Conjunctions Introduction
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Section 2: Subordinating conjunctio
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The action or event of a sentence w
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voorzichtig en langzaam rijden. Hij
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Peters toekomst: Ik wil èn een int
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Exercise 1.4 Fill in the correct co
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Exercise 1.8 Speaking exercise. Wha
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they usually follow the verb, but t
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De trein was te laat. Dus kwam ik t
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Ik kan niet komen, ik heb te veel h
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5 Het regende op Sylvia’s bruilof
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The suffix -ing is used to form nou
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Other common suffixes for the forma
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A special category in this group ar
Page 38 and 39: Exercise 3.5 Underline the compound
Page 40 and 41: Participles The past participle and
Page 42 and 43: -lijk zakelijk businesslike, fatsoe
Page 44 and 45: combination hoe...hoe...can also be
Page 46 and 47: Exercise 4.3 Look at the data and c
Page 48 and 49: UNIT FIVE Possessives Introduction
Page 50 and 51: Examples: Wiens koffie is dit? Whos
Page 52 and 53: 3 Erik: Onze hond is lui. Is (yours
Page 54 and 55: UNIT SIX Indefinite pronouns Introd
Page 56 and 57: Men bouwt hier een nieuw winkelcent
Page 58 and 59: In the singular, the pronoun al is
Page 60 and 61: De kinderen krijgen allemaal een ap
Page 62 and 63: 5a Peter: Ik zoek ______ voor m’n
Page 64 and 65: UNIT SEVEN The pronouns zich, zelf
Page 66 and 67: The unstressed forms we and ze are
Page 68 and 69: Exercise 7.2 Fill in the blanks wit
Page 70 and 71: Zulk The pronoun zulk ‘such’ is
Page 72 and 73: Exercise 8.3 Speaking exercise. Cho
Page 74 and 75: 1 Erik komt niet. Erik isn’t comi
Page 76 and 77: Ik hoop niet dat het gaat regenen.
Page 78 and 79: Exercise 9.4 Give a negative answer
Page 80 and 81: met Wat doe je met een pen? Ik schr
Page 82 and 83: When used in a main sentence to ref
Page 84 and 85: (1) Erik en Sanne zijn een week naa
Page 86 and 87: UNIT ELEVEN Pronominal adverbs Intr
Page 90 and 91: Waar ga je naartoe? Waar ga je heen
Page 92 and 93: 4 Linda: Ja, ________ Sanne: Ik ben
Page 94 and 95: Often, you will see the verb zetten
Page 96 and 97: How to use these verbs for people r
Page 98 and 99: 3 Sanne legt/stopt/zet de was in de
Page 100 and 101: Peter zit een essay te schrijven. K
Page 102 and 103: Durative constructions with bezig z
Page 104 and 105: 1 Erik zit op de bank en hij leest
Page 106 and 107: Ik zag patat etende mensen op straa
Page 108 and 109: Exercise 14.1 Change the relative s
Page 110 and 111: UNIT FIFTEEN Talking about the futu
Page 112 and 113: Exercise 15.1 Write the sentences o
Page 114 and 115: UNIT SIXTEEN Separable and insepara
Page 116 and 117: Erik zegt dat hij en Sanne zaterdag
Page 118 and 119: Subordinated sentence: Sanne dacht,
Page 120 and 121: Exercise 16.1 Put the sentences int
Page 122 and 123: UNIT SEVENTEEN Relative clauses Int
Page 124 and 125: Wie without antecedent Sometimes, t
Page 126 and 127: 3 Kijk, op deze foto zie je mijn vr
Page 128 and 129: Exercise 17.1 Enter the correct rel
Page 130 and 131: UNIT EIGHTEEN Indirect speech Intro
Page 132 and 133: A few notes on word order in indire
Page 134 and 135: Exercise 18.3 Speaking exercise. Si
Page 136 and 137: From the speaker’s perspective, a
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Als ik geld had gehad, dan zou ik d
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Erik: Het zou me niet verbazen. I w
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UNIT TWENTY The passive Introductio
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The passive without emphasis on the
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Het dak zal niet meer gerepareerd k
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Exercise 20.2 As mentioned before,
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Example: glas in de voordeur - brek
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Erik heeft niet kunnen komen. Erik
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We zouden kunnen gaan vissen. We co
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Exercise 21.2 Put the sentences int
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Personal pronouns werken rijden ik,
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Before Erik went to study in Gronin
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a Ik heb in Groningen gestudeerd. b
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of the sentence takes place in the
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1 Eerst las ik m’n email. Toen gi
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in berusten in acquiesce in delen i
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uit van De dief werd tot twee jaar
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Daar neem ik geen genoegen mee. I
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UNIT TWENTY-FOUR Word order Introdu
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Subject Verb Subject Middle Verb gr
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For more examples of word order wit
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2 Hij komt op tijd op z’n werk, h
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APPENDIX Strong and irregular verbs
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smelten smolt gesmolten melt treffe
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schijnen scheen geschenen shine, ap
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KEY TO EXERCISES Unit 1 Exercise 1.
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Unit 3 Exercise 3.1 1 kinderschoene
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Exercise 6.2 1 je, je. 2 Ze. 3 je,
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met die wiskundeopgave kan helpen.
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Exercise 11.5 1 Nee, daar heb ik oo
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Unit 15 Exercise 15.1 1 Woensdagavo
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Exercise 17.3 1...waarmee je kunt s
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Exercise 19.5 1 Zou je mijn planten
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Unit 22 Exercise 22.1 1 b. 2 b. 3 a
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INDEX Page numbers in bold refer to
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echter 17 -e/-en/-er in noun deriva
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objects see also object forms and a
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conjunctions/conjunctional adverbs
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