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PREFACE This book is an intermediate Dutch reference grammar with exercises, to be used in an intermediate Dutch language course or by independent learners who want to refine their knowledge of grammatical structures. Each unit presents a grammatical topic with an introduction and overview, followed by clear and concise explanations in English and ending with a series of contextualized exercises. The explanations are illustrated by mostly contextualized examples in Dutch, and sometimes images are included to provide a more humorous context. This intermediate grammar workbook is the continuation of (and makes frequent references to) Basic Dutch: A Grammar and Workbook, also published in the Grammar Workbooks series by Routledge. Its 24 units cover the materials typical for second-year curriculum Dutch as a foreign language taught at university level. Using vocabulary associated with topics featured in typical second-year Dutch language textbooks, this book can accompany any such textbook used in classroom language instruction. While the vocabulary used in the examples and exercises is practical and functional, the grammatical structures are explained in enough detail to make this book suitable for grammar review in more advanced Dutch classes as well. Language is best learned and practiced in context. Sample sentences and exercises in traditional grammar books often lack such context. This book, however, explains grammar structures in as much context as possible. Following the format of Basic Dutch, many of the exercises again feature the imaginary Dutch family of four and their circle of friends to provide a situational context. The exercises progress from simple recognition to complex application of new grammar structures. For classroom purposes, some speaking exercises suitable for group work are included. For immediate feedback, an answer key is provided in the back of this book. For help in writing this grammar workbook and Basic Dutch, I have consulted many excellent reference grammars and other Dutch grammar workbooks, first and foremost the Algemene Nederlandse Spraakkunst (Martinus Nijhoff, 1997), but also works such as Dutch: An Essential vii
Preface Grammar (Routledge, 2002), De Regels van het Nederlands (Wolters- Noordhoff, 1994), and Nederlandse Grammatica voor Anderstaligen (Utrecht: Nederlands Centrum Buitenlanders, 1985). I am indebted to the people at taaladvies.net for sending me quick and helpful answers to complex grammatical questions. I specially thank Wijnie de Groot and Alice van Kalsbeek for constructive comments and moral support along the way, and I am most grateful to my students Heidi Raatz and Julia Belgum for proofreading my chapters and asking me exactly the right questions. Many thanks also to Ari Hoptman for providing the images to underline the grammar with good laughs. Sadly, for reasons of space, we had to limit ourselves to only a few in this book. Lastly, I want to thank the College of Liberal Arts at the University of Minnesota for granting me a leave of absence to finish this project. Jenneke A. Oosterhoff St. Paul, July 2008 viii Further reading A. Florijn, J. Lalleman, H. Maureau (1994) De Regels van het Nederlands. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff. A. M. Fontein, A. Pescher-ter Meer (1985) Nederlandse Grammatica voor Anderstaligen. Utrecht: Nederlands Centrum Buitenlanders. W. Hasereyn, K. Romijn, G. Geerts, J. de Rooij, M. C. van den Toorn (1997) Algemene Nederlandse Spraakkunst. Groningen: Martinus Nijhoff. W. Z. Shetter, I. van der Cruysse-Van Antwerpen (2002) Dutch: An Essential Grammar. London and New York: Routledge.
Page 2 and 3: INTERMEDIATE DUTCH: A GRAMMAR AND W
Page 4 and 5: INTERMEDIATE DUTCH: A GRAMMAR AND W
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS Preface vii 1 Conjunctions
Page 10 and 11: UNIT ONE Conjunctions Introduction
Page 12 and 13: Section 2: Subordinating conjunctio
Page 14 and 15: The action or event of a sentence w
Page 16 and 17: voorzichtig en langzaam rijden. Hij
Page 18 and 19: Peters toekomst: Ik wil èn een int
Page 20 and 21: Exercise 1.4 Fill in the correct co
Page 22 and 23: Exercise 1.8 Speaking exercise. Wha
Page 24 and 25: they usually follow the verb, but t
Page 26 and 27: De trein was te laat. Dus kwam ik t
Page 28 and 29: Ik kan niet komen, ik heb te veel h
Page 30 and 31: 5 Het regende op Sylvia’s bruilof
Page 32 and 33: The suffix -ing is used to form nou
Page 34 and 35: Other common suffixes for the forma
Page 36 and 37: A special category in this group ar
Page 38 and 39: Exercise 3.5 Underline the compound
Page 40 and 41: Participles The past participle and
Page 42 and 43: -lijk zakelijk businesslike, fatsoe
Page 44 and 45: combination hoe...hoe...can also be
Page 46 and 47: Exercise 4.3 Look at the data and c
Page 48 and 49: UNIT FIVE Possessives Introduction
Page 50 and 51: Examples: Wiens koffie is dit? Whos
Page 52 and 53: 3 Erik: Onze hond is lui. Is (yours
Page 54 and 55: UNIT SIX Indefinite pronouns Introd
Page 56 and 57: Men bouwt hier een nieuw winkelcent
Page 58 and 59:
In the singular, the pronoun al is
Page 60 and 61:
De kinderen krijgen allemaal een ap
Page 62 and 63:
5a Peter: Ik zoek ______ voor m’n
Page 64 and 65:
UNIT SEVEN The pronouns zich, zelf
Page 66 and 67:
The unstressed forms we and ze are
Page 68 and 69:
Exercise 7.2 Fill in the blanks wit
Page 70 and 71:
Zulk The pronoun zulk ‘such’ is
Page 72 and 73:
Exercise 8.3 Speaking exercise. Cho
Page 74 and 75:
1 Erik komt niet. Erik isn’t comi
Page 76 and 77:
Ik hoop niet dat het gaat regenen.
Page 78 and 79:
Exercise 9.4 Give a negative answer
Page 80 and 81:
met Wat doe je met een pen? Ik schr
Page 82 and 83:
When used in a main sentence to ref
Page 84 and 85:
(1) Erik en Sanne zijn een week naa
Page 86 and 87:
UNIT ELEVEN Pronominal adverbs Intr
Page 88 and 89:
5 Praat Erik vaak over politiek? Ne
Page 90 and 91:
Waar ga je naartoe? Waar ga je heen
Page 92 and 93:
4 Linda: Ja, ________ Sanne: Ik ben
Page 94 and 95:
Often, you will see the verb zetten
Page 96 and 97:
How to use these verbs for people r
Page 98 and 99:
3 Sanne legt/stopt/zet de was in de
Page 100 and 101:
Peter zit een essay te schrijven. K
Page 102 and 103:
Durative constructions with bezig z
Page 104 and 105:
1 Erik zit op de bank en hij leest
Page 106 and 107:
Ik zag patat etende mensen op straa
Page 108 and 109:
Exercise 14.1 Change the relative s
Page 110 and 111:
UNIT FIFTEEN Talking about the futu
Page 112 and 113:
Exercise 15.1 Write the sentences o
Page 114 and 115:
UNIT SIXTEEN Separable and insepara
Page 116 and 117:
Erik zegt dat hij en Sanne zaterdag
Page 118 and 119:
Subordinated sentence: Sanne dacht,
Page 120 and 121:
Exercise 16.1 Put the sentences int
Page 122 and 123:
UNIT SEVENTEEN Relative clauses Int
Page 124 and 125:
Wie without antecedent Sometimes, t
Page 126 and 127:
3 Kijk, op deze foto zie je mijn vr
Page 128 and 129:
Exercise 17.1 Enter the correct rel
Page 130 and 131:
UNIT EIGHTEEN Indirect speech Intro
Page 132 and 133:
A few notes on word order in indire
Page 134 and 135:
Exercise 18.3 Speaking exercise. Si
Page 136 and 137:
From the speaker’s perspective, a
Page 138 and 139:
Als ik geld had gehad, dan zou ik d
Page 140 and 141:
Erik: Het zou me niet verbazen. I w
Page 142 and 143:
UNIT TWENTY The passive Introductio
Page 144 and 145:
The passive without emphasis on the
Page 146 and 147:
Het dak zal niet meer gerepareerd k
Page 148 and 149:
Exercise 20.2 As mentioned before,
Page 150 and 151:
Example: glas in de voordeur - brek
Page 152 and 153:
Erik heeft niet kunnen komen. Erik
Page 154 and 155:
We zouden kunnen gaan vissen. We co
Page 156 and 157:
Exercise 21.2 Put the sentences int
Page 158 and 159:
Personal pronouns werken rijden ik,
Page 160 and 161:
Before Erik went to study in Gronin
Page 162 and 163:
a Ik heb in Groningen gestudeerd. b
Page 164 and 165:
of the sentence takes place in the
Page 166 and 167:
1 Eerst las ik m’n email. Toen gi
Page 168 and 169:
in berusten in acquiesce in delen i
Page 170 and 171:
uit van De dief werd tot twee jaar
Page 172 and 173:
Daar neem ik geen genoegen mee. I
Page 174 and 175:
UNIT TWENTY-FOUR Word order Introdu
Page 176 and 177:
Subject Verb Subject Middle Verb gr
Page 178 and 179:
For more examples of word order wit
Page 180 and 181:
2 Hij komt op tijd op z’n werk, h
Page 182 and 183:
APPENDIX Strong and irregular verbs
Page 184 and 185:
smelten smolt gesmolten melt treffe
Page 186 and 187:
schijnen scheen geschenen shine, ap
Page 188 and 189:
KEY TO EXERCISES Unit 1 Exercise 1.
Page 190 and 191:
Unit 3 Exercise 3.1 1 kinderschoene
Page 192 and 193:
Exercise 6.2 1 je, je. 2 Ze. 3 je,
Page 194 and 195:
met die wiskundeopgave kan helpen.
Page 196 and 197:
Exercise 11.5 1 Nee, daar heb ik oo
Page 198 and 199:
Unit 15 Exercise 15.1 1 Woensdagavo
Page 200 and 201:
Exercise 17.3 1...waarmee je kunt s
Page 202 and 203:
Exercise 19.5 1 Zou je mijn planten
Page 204 and 205:
Unit 22 Exercise 22.1 1 b. 2 b. 3 a
Page 206 and 207:
INDEX Page numbers in bold refer to
Page 208 and 209:
echter 17 -e/-en/-er in noun deriva
Page 210 and 211:
objects see also object forms and a
Page 212 and 213:
conjunctions/conjunctional adverbs
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