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Example: glas in de voordeur – breken Het glas in de voordeur werd gebroken. 1 de safe – openmaken 4 een open fles wijn – leegdrinken 2 geen geld – stelen 5 geen vingerafdrukken – vinden 3 alle juwelen – meenemen Exercise 20.7 141
142 UNIT TWENTY-ONE Infinitive constructions Introduction In Unit 22 of Basic Dutch, we discussed verbs that are combined with an infinitive construction, either with or without te. Building on the information of that chapter, this unit introduces you to more complicated infinitive constructions. Piling up the infinitives A much quoted sentence and a delight (or a terror) to students of Dutch every time it is used as an example, is the sentence Jan zou Piet wel eens hebben willen zien durven blijven staan kijken ‘Jan would have liked to see Piet have the guts to stay, standing, looking’. This sentence with seven infinitives (see Algemene Nederlandse Spraakkunst, page 1066) is difficult to translate into English without making the translation sound awkward. However, as a Dutch sentence, it is grammatically perfectly correct, and a Dutch person might not even blink an eye upon hearing it. While sentences with seven infinitives are far from common in Dutch, those with at least two are quite normal. In this unit, we will take it up to as many as four. See also the units on the conditional, separable verbs, and the passive for more information on word order in large verb groups. Two infinitives A construction with two infinitives at the end of a main sentence is quite common in the present perfect of sentences with a modal auxiliary verb or a verb that can function as such. Proper modal verbs are kunnen, mogen, moeten, willen, zullen. Those that can function as a modal verb are laten, gaan, komen, blijven, zijn, horen, zien, voelen. Examples:
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INTERMEDIATE DUTCH: A GRAMMAR AND W
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INTERMEDIATE DUTCH: A GRAMMAR AND W
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CONTENTS Preface vii 1 Conjunctions
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PREFACE This book is an intermediat
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UNIT ONE Conjunctions Introduction
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Section 2: Subordinating conjunctio
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The action or event of a sentence w
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voorzichtig en langzaam rijden. Hij
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Peters toekomst: Ik wil èn een int
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Exercise 1.4 Fill in the correct co
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Exercise 1.8 Speaking exercise. Wha
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they usually follow the verb, but t
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De trein was te laat. Dus kwam ik t
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Ik kan niet komen, ik heb te veel h
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5 Het regende op Sylvia’s bruilof
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The suffix -ing is used to form nou
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Other common suffixes for the forma
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A special category in this group ar
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Exercise 3.5 Underline the compound
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Participles The past participle and
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-lijk zakelijk businesslike, fatsoe
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combination hoe...hoe...can also be
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Exercise 4.3 Look at the data and c
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UNIT FIVE Possessives Introduction
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Examples: Wiens koffie is dit? Whos
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3 Erik: Onze hond is lui. Is (yours
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UNIT SIX Indefinite pronouns Introd
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Men bouwt hier een nieuw winkelcent
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In the singular, the pronoun al is
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De kinderen krijgen allemaal een ap
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5a Peter: Ik zoek ______ voor m’n
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UNIT SEVEN The pronouns zich, zelf
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The unstressed forms we and ze are
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Exercise 7.2 Fill in the blanks wit
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Zulk The pronoun zulk ‘such’ is
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Exercise 8.3 Speaking exercise. Cho
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1 Erik komt niet. Erik isn’t comi
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Ik hoop niet dat het gaat regenen.
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Exercise 9.4 Give a negative answer
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met Wat doe je met een pen? Ik schr
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When used in a main sentence to ref
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(1) Erik en Sanne zijn een week naa
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UNIT ELEVEN Pronominal adverbs Intr
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5 Praat Erik vaak over politiek? Ne
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Waar ga je naartoe? Waar ga je heen
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4 Linda: Ja, ________ Sanne: Ik ben
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Often, you will see the verb zetten
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How to use these verbs for people r
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3 Sanne legt/stopt/zet de was in de
Page 100 and 101: Peter zit een essay te schrijven. K
Page 102 and 103: Durative constructions with bezig z
Page 104 and 105: 1 Erik zit op de bank en hij leest
Page 106 and 107: Ik zag patat etende mensen op straa
Page 108 and 109: Exercise 14.1 Change the relative s
Page 110 and 111: UNIT FIFTEEN Talking about the futu
Page 112 and 113: Exercise 15.1 Write the sentences o
Page 114 and 115: UNIT SIXTEEN Separable and insepara
Page 116 and 117: Erik zegt dat hij en Sanne zaterdag
Page 118 and 119: Subordinated sentence: Sanne dacht,
Page 120 and 121: Exercise 16.1 Put the sentences int
Page 122 and 123: UNIT SEVENTEEN Relative clauses Int
Page 124 and 125: Wie without antecedent Sometimes, t
Page 126 and 127: 3 Kijk, op deze foto zie je mijn vr
Page 128 and 129: Exercise 17.1 Enter the correct rel
Page 130 and 131: UNIT EIGHTEEN Indirect speech Intro
Page 132 and 133: A few notes on word order in indire
Page 134 and 135: Exercise 18.3 Speaking exercise. Si
Page 136 and 137: From the speaker’s perspective, a
Page 138 and 139: Als ik geld had gehad, dan zou ik d
Page 140 and 141: Erik: Het zou me niet verbazen. I w
Page 142 and 143: UNIT TWENTY The passive Introductio
Page 144 and 145: The passive without emphasis on the
Page 146 and 147: Het dak zal niet meer gerepareerd k
Page 148 and 149: Exercise 20.2 As mentioned before,
Page 152 and 153: Erik heeft niet kunnen komen. Erik
Page 154 and 155: We zouden kunnen gaan vissen. We co
Page 156 and 157: Exercise 21.2 Put the sentences int
Page 158 and 159: Personal pronouns werken rijden ik,
Page 160 and 161: Before Erik went to study in Gronin
Page 162 and 163: a Ik heb in Groningen gestudeerd. b
Page 164 and 165: of the sentence takes place in the
Page 166 and 167: 1 Eerst las ik m’n email. Toen gi
Page 168 and 169: in berusten in acquiesce in delen i
Page 170 and 171: uit van De dief werd tot twee jaar
Page 172 and 173: Daar neem ik geen genoegen mee. I
Page 174 and 175: UNIT TWENTY-FOUR Word order Introdu
Page 176 and 177: Subject Verb Subject Middle Verb gr
Page 178 and 179: For more examples of word order wit
Page 180 and 181: 2 Hij komt op tijd op z’n werk, h
Page 182 and 183: APPENDIX Strong and irregular verbs
Page 184 and 185: smelten smolt gesmolten melt treffe
Page 186 and 187: schijnen scheen geschenen shine, ap
Page 188 and 189: KEY TO EXERCISES Unit 1 Exercise 1.
Page 190 and 191: Unit 3 Exercise 3.1 1 kinderschoene
Page 192 and 193: Exercise 6.2 1 je, je. 2 Ze. 3 je,
Page 194 and 195: met die wiskundeopgave kan helpen.
Page 196 and 197: Exercise 11.5 1 Nee, daar heb ik oo
Page 198 and 199: Unit 15 Exercise 15.1 1 Woensdagavo
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Exercise 17.3 1...waarmee je kunt s
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Exercise 19.5 1 Zou je mijn planten
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Unit 22 Exercise 22.1 1 b. 2 b. 3 a
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INDEX Page numbers in bold refer to
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echter 17 -e/-en/-er in noun deriva
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objects see also object forms and a
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conjunctions/conjunctional adverbs
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