2454 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

Evaluation of the Community Plant Health Regime: Final Report
DG SANCO Evaluation Framework Contract Lot 3 (Food Chain)
Type of benefit
environmental
benefits
* chinensis and glabripennis
CPHR successful for
avoiding:
Introduction /
establishment
Containment / slowing
spread
Countries Plant
Susceptible area (in number
of plants/trees, ha)
Belgium deciduous trees 350000 ha
Czech Republic ornamental trees 627500 ha
Italy deciduous trees public area, private gardens:
No data available
Lithuania Not specified No data available
Netherlands deciduous trees, No data available
in particular Acer
spp.
Germany deciduous trees, No data available
Acer campestris,
Salix caprea,
Aesculus and
Betula
Source: compiled by FCEC based on specific cost survey results
Anoplophora is a wood-boring pest which was imported from Asia into the EU. Host plants
are various deciduous trees, such as Acer, Corylus, Prunus, Citrus, Malus, Populus and Salix.
These trees are widely distributed in the EU. Adults lay their eggs in the bark and eggs hatch
after about 10 days. Trees die or are weakened due to the high number of larval tunnels in the
wood.
Imports of host plants are important, especially in the Netherlands where 1.6-2 million Acer
were imported per year during the period 2005 – 2007, with an estimated total value of these
plants (wholesale price) of about € 3 – 6 million. Solid wood (including wood products, wood
packaging material) is a recognized pathway for Anoplophora glabripennis. Infested wood,
chipped into pieces larger than 1.5 cm can enable larvae of Anoplophora to survive.
Anoplophora is mainly present in Italy, and it could easily establish in other southern MS with
similar climatic conditions, though there is also evidence that it can establish in northern parts
of the EU, such as the Netherlands. In Southern Europe, the impact of Anoplophora chinensis
may be higher than that of Anoplophora glabripennis since the first one has a broader host
range. However, the climate in Northern Europe is possibly more favourable to Anoplophora
glabripennis and its impact may, therefore, be higher despite the wider host range of
Anoplophora chinensis.
Economic benefits
In countries where the CPHR avoided the introduction of Anoplophora, costs for surveys,
eradication and replanting were spared. These can be high in case of infestation, as illustrated
with the case of the infested area in Lombardy-Italy, where € 1.2 million has been spent from
2004 to 2007 and € 10 million for the period 2008 – 2010.
Moreover, it avoided crop losses and losses of export markets for tree nurseries and fruit
orchards (Citrus, Malus, Pyrus) due to die back or weakening of trees as well as the negative
impact on consumer demand. Large outbreaks that also include agricultural areas may indeed
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