OCTOBER 19-20, 2012 - YMCA University of Science & Technology

Proceedings of the National Conference on
Trends and Advances in Mechanical Engineering,
YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad, Haryana, Oct 19-20, 2012
2.1.2. Production attributes in JIT environment is producing the material as and when required keeping Minimum
inventory always by reducing the set up time (tools), following the standard working procedures, using group
technology and other attributes mentioned in table no 1. The continuous improvement in the processes is the main
theme of the JIT production (Farahani et.al 2008).
5S: was developed in Japan. It can be defined as workplace organization method that uses a list of five Japanese
words: seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, and shitsuke. Translated into English, they all start with the letter "S". The list
describes how to organize a work space for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and storing the items used,
maintaining the area and items, and sustaining the new order.
Set up reduction: the tool changing time is very critical as till that time production remains stand still and the
working force, inventory and other associated cost add no value in process. So to meet JIT requirement reduced tool
set up time is most urgent requirement.
Standard work: The Toyota Production System organizes all jobs around human motion and creates an efficient
production sequence without any "Muda." Work organized in such a way is called standardized work. It consists of
three elements: Takt-Time, Working Sequence, and Standard In-Process Stock.
Takt-Time" is the time which should be taken to produce a component on one vehicle. This timing mechanism is
based on the monthly production schedule. The takt time allows us to produce many parts of many different types for
use in vehicles on the production schedule and to supply those parts to each process on the assembly line at the
proper time. This keeps production on schedule and permits flexible response to change in sales.
Waste elimination: Non-value added activities to be eliminated. Muda is translated as waste. There are seven types of
muda: (Overproduction, waiting, conveyance, processing, inventory, motion and correction) which are to be
eliminated in the supply chain process.
Visual control: Go and see the problem. It is the belief that practical experience is valued over theoretical knowledge.
Visualization is very important to understand the real problem.
Pull production system: It refers to the manufacturing and conveyance of only “what is needed, when it is needed,
and in the amount needed.” It is based upon order to build.
Cross trained working force: in today’s scenario workers are to be trained for multi tasking to meet the flexibility of
the manufacturing process.
Kaizen events: Kaizen means continuous improvement. Kaizen events can be as short as four hours or as long as
five days depending on the improvement opportunity that is being addressed.
2.1.3. Logistics and delivery attributes are to positioning of warehouses and distribution of the finished goods. The
finished goods are positioned (warehoused) at the convenient place so that JIT delivery may be possible (Wang W.et.
al., 2004). Quick delivery, 3 rd party logistics, reliable transportation and small shipment of the material are the main
attributes of the JIT logistics (Steele, 2000).
Quick response: JIT supply chain is based on the quick responses to the customers as well as to the manufacturers in
terms of getting the right material at the shortest possible time.
Pull distribution: An inventory system in which a minimal amount of stock is kept on hand and inventory items are
replaced as they are pulled from the warehouse to fill specific orders. A pull distribution system works best with
product that is readily available or has a minimal manufacturing lead time.
Cross docking: is a practice in logistics of unloading materials from an incoming semi-trailer truck or railroad car
and loading these materials directly into outbound trucks, trailers, or rail cars, with little or no storage in between.
897