Pediatric Informatics: Computer Applications in Child Health (Health ...

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32 Developing Pediatric Data Standards 425 Fig. 32.3 An EHR system-based growth chart that includes features outlined by content standards and which displays data that has been normalized to syntactic and semantic standards. Content standards include use of a population-based norm, applying growth data from different EHR system components, including parental growth targets, and performing various calculations to determine Z score, growth velocity, percentiles, etc. (Adapted from Rosenbloom et al. 19 ) 32.6 Conclusion Standards for Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems can improve the healthcare delivery to populations of children. Specifically, semantic and syntactic standards can improve healthcare delivery by facilitating clinical data exchange among
426 S.T. Rosenbloom and J. Kuhl various EHR systems, while functional standards encourage EHR systems to provide for users a consistent and expected set of functions. Standards should be developed by organizations and individuals that represent those who will ultimately benefit from using the standards and through an iterative process that allows for stages of feedback and modification. Once standards have been developed and published, compliance may be evaluated and compliant products may be certified. Acknowledgment Dr. Rosenbloom’s work was supported in part by a Grant from the United States National Library of Medicine (Rosenbloom, 5K22 LM008576-03). References 1. Institute of Medicine. Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001. 2. Ash JS, Berg M, Coiera E. Some unintended consequences of information technology in health care: the nature of patient care information system-related errors. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2004;11(2):104–112. 3. Bates DW, Kuperman GJ, Wang S, et al. Ten commandments for effective clinical decision support: making the practice of evidence-based medicine a reality. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2003;10(6):523–530. 4. McDonald CJ, Overhage JM, Tierney WM, et al. The Regenstrief Medical Record System: a quarter century experience. Int J Med Inform. 1999;54(3):225–253. 5. Miller RA, Waitman LR, Chen S, Rosenbloom ST. The anatomy of decision support during inpatient care provider order entry (CPOE): empirical observations from a decade of CPOE experience at Vanderbilt. J Biomed Inform. 2005;38(6):469–485. 6. Apkon M, Singhaviranon P. Impact of an electronic information system on physician workflow and data collection in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. 2001;27(1):122–130. 7. Kalra D. Electronic health record standards. Methods Inf Med. 2006;45(Suppl 1):136–144. 8. Biondich PG, Grannis SJ. The Indiana network for patient care: an integrated clinical information system informed by over thirty years of experience. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2004;Suppl:S81–S86. 9. Shapiro JS, Kannry J, Lipton M, et al. Approaches to patient health information exchange and their impact on emergency medicine. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;48(4):426–432. 10. American Academy of Pediatrics: Task Force on Medical Informatics. Special requirements for electronic medical record systems in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 2001;108(2):513–515. 11. Dolin RH, Alschuler L, Boyer S, et al. HL7 clinical document architecture, release 2. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2006;13(1):30–39. 12. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). W3C Website; 2008. Available at: http://www.w3.org/. Accessed December 21, 2008. 13. Dolin RH, Alschuler L, Behlen F, et al. HL7 document patient record architecture: an XML document architecture based on a shared information model. Proc AMIA Symp. 1999:52–56. 14. Dolin RH, Alschuler L, Boyer S, Beebe C. An update on HL7’s XML-based document representation standards. Proc AMIA Symp. 2000:190–194. 15. Huff SM. Clinical data exchange standards and vocabularies for messages. Proc AMIA Symp. 1998:62–67. 16. Bakken S, Campbell KE, Cimino JJ, Huff SM, Hammond WE. Toward vocabulary domain specifications for health level 7-coded data elements. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2000;7(4):333–342.
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Health Informatics (formerly Comput
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Editors Christoph U. Lehmann George
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vi Series Preface changes to both t
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viii Foreword This text will prove
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x Preface financial investment and
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How to Use This book This book is t
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xvi Contents 9 Pediatric Care, Safe
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xviii Contents Part VII A Vision an
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xx Contributors Donna M. D’Alessa
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xxii Contributors Christoph U. Lehm
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xxiv Contributors Mark M. Simonian,
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4 G.R. Kim pharmacy, medical educat
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6 K.B. Johnson and G.R. Kim Deaths
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8 K.B. Johnson and G.R. Kim 2.4.1 I
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10 K.B. Johnson and G.R. Kim 2.4.3
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12 K.B. Johnson and G.R. Kim Educat
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14 K.B. Johnson and G.R. Kim 2.6 Co
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Chapter 3 Core Pediatric Data Kevin
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3 Core Pediatric Data 21 3.3 Pediat
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3 Core Pediatric Data 23 3.6 Pediat
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Chapter 4 Neonatal Care and Data De
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 27 Essenti
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 29 4.3 The
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 31 some ma
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 33 Measure
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 35 4.5.2.4
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 37 4.6.3 I
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 39 4.7.2.2
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4 Neonatal Care and Data 41 Availab
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44 D.M.N. Paperny Tasks related to
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46 D.M.N. Paperny Behavioral risk d
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48 D.M.N. Paperny for outside ancil
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50 D.M.N. Paperny Video reinforceme
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52 D.M.N. Paperny 3. Litzelman DK,
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Chapter 6 Children with Development
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6 Children with Developmental Disor
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Chapter 7 Pediatric Emergency and P
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7 Pediatric Emergency and Pediatric
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84 W.H. Drummond et al. A recovery
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86 W.H. Drummond et al. 8.2.2 Forma
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88 W.H. Drummond et al. 8.2.2.1 Sys
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90 W.H. Drummond et al. The multidi
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92 W.H. Drummond et al. noise overl
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94 W.H. Drummond et al. needs requi
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96 W.H. Drummond et al. Children’
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98 W.H. Drummond et al. After the P
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100 W.H. Drummond et al. Table 8.2
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104 W.H. Drummond et al. when to su
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106 W.H. Drummond et al. It is crit
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108 W.H. Drummond et al. traditiona
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110 W.H. Drummond et al. and human
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112 W.H. Drummond et al. blood prod
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116 W.H. Drummond et al. 35. Collin
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Chapter 9 Pediatric Care, Safety, a
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9 Pediatric Care, Safety, and Stand
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134 D.M. D’Alessandro The EBM pro
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136 D.M. D’Alessandro 10.4 Pragma
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138 D.M. D’Alessandro 4. Case ser
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140 D.M. D’Alessandro Ontario, BC
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142 D.M. D’Alessandro Table 10.1
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144 D.M. D’Alessandro Children ar
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146 D.M. D’Alessandro 17. Ely JW,
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Chapter 11 Clinical Practice Guidel
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11 Clinical Practice Guidelines: Su
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162 M.J. Feldman in patients withou
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164 M.J. Feldman The art of medicin
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166 M.J. Feldman important design g
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168 M.J. Feldman Incorrect or missi
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170 M.J. Feldman Fig. 12.4 GIDEON D
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172 M.J. Feldman system or etiology
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174 M.J. Feldman ED-12: “Practica
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176 M.J. Feldman Fig. 12.7 DXplain:
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178 M.J. Feldman For GIDEON: Rabies
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180 M.J. Feldman KB on infectious d
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182 M.J. Feldman 4. Johnson KB, Fel
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Chapter 13 Managing Pediatric Knowl
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13 Managing Pediatric Knowledge Res
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Chapter 14 Supporting Continuing Pe
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14 Supporting Continuing Pediatric
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14 Supporting Continuing Pediatric
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Chapter 15 Pediatric Care Coordinat
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15 Pediatric Care Coordination: The
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Chapter 16 Prioritizing Pediatric I
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16 Prioritizing Pediatric Investmen
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Chapter 17 Aligning Pediatric Ambul
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17 Aligning Pediatric Ambulatory Ne
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258 G.R. Kim and C.U. Lehmann Elect
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260 G.R. Kim and C.U. Lehmann 18.2.
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262 G.R. Kim and C.U. Lehmann There
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264 G.R. Kim and C.U. Lehmann 13. C
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266 K.B. Johnson and C.G.M. Weigle
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280 C. Sable et al. computer for la
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282 C. Sable et al. Table 20.3 Tele
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284 C. Sable et al. without increas
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286 C. Sable et al. Fig. 20.1b Wash
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288 C. Sable et al. prior to case d
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290 C. Sable et al. presence of con
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292 C. Sable et al. 17. Sable C, Ro
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294 A.E. Zuckerman and G.R. Kim 21.
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296 A.E. Zuckerman and G.R. Kim �
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Chapter 22 Privacy Issues David M.N
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22 Privacy Issues 305 22.3 Pediatri
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22 Privacy Issues 307 patient must
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22 Privacy Issues 309 and receipt o
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Chapter 23 Electronic Mail in Pedia
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23 Electronic Mail in Pediatric Pra
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Chapter 24 Information Management b
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24 Information Management by Patien
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Chapter 25 Overview of Pediatric In
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25 Overview of Pediatric Inpatient
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Chapter 26 Prescribing/Ordering: Co
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26 Prescribing/Ordering: Computeriz
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346 S.H. Mitchell et al. 27.2.1 Med
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348 S.H. Mitchell et al. context of
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350 S.H. Mitchell et al. 27.3.3.1 C
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352 S.H. Mitchell et al. challenges
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354 S.H. Mitchell et al. work round
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Chapter 28 Medication Administratio
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28 Medication Administration and In
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Chapter 29 Understanding and Preven
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Index 481 O Online Mendelian Inheri
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Index 483 Standards development org
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