Peacebuilding &conflict transformation A ... - Peaceworkafrica

categories of needs are psychological or relate to personal growth and development;they centre on the capacity to exercise choices in one’s personal life and are sometimesdescribed as the more complex needs for safety, security, self‐esteem and personalfulfilment.Human needs are basic requirements for human development and a powerfulsource to explain the motivation for individual behaviour and social interaction. Allindividuals strive to satisfy immediately felt needs because satisfying them leads tohealthy, happy and more capable human beings.Human needs have been identified, classified and categorized by various scientists.Marshall Rosenberg organised needs into six categories, based on his conceptof nonviolent communication. He emphasizes taking responsibility for one’s ownchoices in life and focusing on shared human values and needs.Physical nurturance air, food, movement, exercise, protection fromlife‐threatening forms of life: viruses, bacteria, insects, predatory animals(especially human beings), rest, sexual expression, shelter, touch, waterInterdependence acceptance, appreciation, closeness, communication,consideration, contribution to the enrichment of life (to exercise one’s power),emotional safety, empathy, honesty, love, reassurance, respect, support,trust, understanding, warmthCelebration to celebrate the creation of life & dreams fulfilled; to celebratelosses of loved ones, dreams, mourningIntegrity authenticity, creativity, meaning, self‐worth, spiritual communicationPlay beauty, harmony, inspiration, order, peaceAutonomy to choose one’s dreams, goals, values, one’s plan for fulfilling themUnmet needs are at the bottom of problems, a reason for misunderstanding or quarrels,the root causes of every conflict. 24 Nonviolent communication makes peopleaware about the needs they have in a given situation and about the link between feelingsand needs. Feelings indicate whether a need is met or not fulfilled and if whatone expects is taking place or not.When our needs are not met we feel pain and the urge to behave in ways wethink, believe or hope will bring satisfaction. Positive feelings arise in the event ofpersonal fulfilment and enjoyment of life, in having reached a state one strived for.We might have fun; feel inner power, freedom and a sense of belonging. We fulfil ourneeds in the following ways:218 V I . N O N V I O L E N C E