Peacebuilding &conflict transformation A ... - Peaceworkafrica

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UNESCO: UN Resolution: Culture of Peace, The Seville Statement, A/53/L.79, Fifty‐thirdsession, agendaitem 31, www.unesco.orgUNESCO: Basic Texts, 2012 Edition, Paris 2012United Nations: Sport for Development and Peace. Towards Achieving the Millennium DevelopmentGoals. Report from the United Nations Inter‐Agency Task Force on Sport for Development andPeace, United Nations 2003United Nations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, UnitedNations Department of Public Information 2008United Nations: United Nations Peacekeeping Operations. Principles and Guidelines, New York 2010United Nations: UNOSP –Annual Report 2011 – Ten years of action (see also: Fact Sheet: Contribution ofSport to the Millennium Development Goals,Feb 2011)US Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation: Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook, revised2004Wallis, Jim: The Soul of Politics: A Practical and Prophetic Vision of Change,London: Fount 1994Wasmuth Ulrike C: Friedensforschung als Konfliktforschung. Zur Notwendigkeit einer Rückbesinnung aufden Konflikt als zentrale Kategorie, AFB‐Texte Nr. 1/1992WHO: World report on violence and health, Geneva 2002WHO: Global Status on Alcohol 2004, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Geneva 2004Wink, Walter: Engaging the Powers: Discernment and Resistance in a World of Domination, Minneapolis:Fortress Press 1992YES! A Journal of Positive Futures: The Language of Nonviolence. Positive Future Network, No. 6, 1998Young‐Bruehl, Elisabeth: Hannah Arendt: For Love of the World, 2nd edition, Yale University Press 2004Zür, Michael: Vom Nationalstaat lernen, Das zivilisatorische Hexagon in der Weltinnenpolitik, in: UlrichMenzel (Hrsg.): Vom Ewigen Frieden und vom Wohlstand der Nationen, Frankfurt am Main 2000308 A P P E N D I X
Gandhi’s principlesLive as if you were to die tomorrow.Learn as if you were to live forever.TruthGandhi dedicated his life to the wider purpose of discovering truth. He tried toachieve this by learning from his own mistakes. Gandhi stated that the most importantbattle to fight was overcoming his own demons, fears, and insecurities.NonviolenceThe concept of nonviolence and nonresistance has a long history in Indian religiousthought and has had many revivals in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Jewish and Christiancontexts. He is quoted as saying, e.g.:▶ When I despair, I remember that all through history the way of truthand love has always won. There have been tyrants and murderers and fora time they seem invincible, but in the end, they always fall — think of it,always.▶ Nonviolence is the greatest force at the disposal of mankind.It is mightier than the mightiest weapon of destruction devised by theingenuity of man.▶ What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans,and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought underthe name of totalitarianism or the holy name of liberty and democracy?▶ An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind.▶ There are many causes that I am prepared to die for but no causesthat I am prepared to kill for.▶ Poverty is the greatest violence.▶ Nonviolence is a quality not of the body but of the soul.▶ Nonviolence is not a weapon of the weak. It is a weapon of the strongestand the bravest.▶ Jesus was the most active resister known perhaps to history.His was nonviolence par excellence.VegetarianismAs Gandhi grew into adulthood, he became a strict vegetarian and inspired manypeople around the world to become vegetarian. To Gandhi, a vegetarian diet wouldnot only satisfy the requirements of the body, it would also serve an economic purposeas meat is generally more expensive than grains, vegetables and fruits. Also,many Indians of the time struggled with low income, thus vegetarianism was seennot only as a spiritual practice but also a practical one. He used fasting as a form ofG a n d h i ’s p r i n c i p l e s 309
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Peacebuilding& conflict transformat
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Peacebuilding& conflict transformat
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Table of contentsEditors’ Forewor
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2.1 Aspects of conflicts . . . . .
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Editors’ forewordWhen Katharina S
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ForewordDear user(s), this resource
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This version is accompanied by the
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process our social connectedness as
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I.PEACE
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Peace and striving for peace are at
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▶ Peace is an interweaving of rel
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peace encompasses all aspects of a
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1.5 Strategies for peaceMahatma Gan
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▶ International Convention on the
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There is a great deal of human suff
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2.2 Principles for peacebuildingThe
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InfrastructureInfrastructure is req
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ebuilding community structures, per
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3.1 What is peace education?Peace e
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NonviolenceNonviolence means that f
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the fear of the one’s personal po
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▶ Discover inner peace —this me
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4.1.2 Peace as a research activity
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II.COMMUNICATION
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2. Facts about communication2.1 It
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2.5 Implicit and explicit messagesA
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2.7 Our own fantasySometimes one re
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3.1 Verbal communication“Speech i
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Facial expressions: show emotions o
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Smelling using the nose to listen t
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Intrapersonal communication … is
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7. Receiving and sending7.1 The cyc
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All four aspects must be properly r
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Dimension of information/factual le
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Additionally, a receiver whose self
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8. Factors influencing the qualityo
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the listener is expected to clearly
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Set context and state the purpose o
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Keep in mind:▶ When overused, act
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Don’t say “You know something w
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10.1.3 SummarizingA summary is simi
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ClarifyingClarifying means to use t
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Questioning techniques / Interrogat
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Obviously, before even thinking of
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Helpful - de-escalating effectExpre
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Additionally, people actively invol
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1. Conflict - a fact of lifeSymbol
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2. Social conflict2.1 What is typic
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Examples▶ Two people disagree on
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2.3 Typical conflict behavioursThe
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conflict transformation skills as i
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AttitudeAttitude means the way an i
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Respect: self‐respect, personal i
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acquired by everyone. If dialogue a
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Sources of powerThere are various s
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. Needs and their classificationsHu
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or any other differentiating charac
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How we are likely to feel when our
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Structural conflict is caused by un
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IV.TOOLS FORANALYSIS
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Context analysis in peace building
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Conflict analysis can be carried ou
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a) good conflict analysis skills,b)
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Decide and agree on the meaning of
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Example - Age limit for CYF members
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3.4 ABC - triangleWhat is it?▶ Th
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When to use it?▶ with a group hav
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3.7 Pyramid - three level triangleW
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▶ Relationship: identify and desc
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1. IntroductionViolence is a phenom
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▶ Worldwide, violence is used as
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Core of use of objects (weapons)Vis
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4. Dimensions of violence - a typol
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▶ Direct violence means an indivi
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using industrialized nations cause
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tual condition compared to what wou
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6. The dynamics of conflicts and vi
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Survival or physical level - The in
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6.1.2 Aggression and…Aggression a
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▶ One can use so‐called ‘invi
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tooth” are common all over the wo
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6.3.1 From unmet needs to crisis -
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Fire begins to burnConfrontation/Op
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6.3.4 F. Glasl’s - nine stages of
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3. LEVEL THREE (LOSE-LOSE)Stage 7:
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to describe emotions or speak about
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eaction and answer concerning the d
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7.3 Violence and genderSEXrefers on
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Gender based violenceGender based v
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7.5 Violence and ideology▶ Nation
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with equal alacrity by people on th
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9. Effects of violenceViolent confl
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VI.NONVIOLENCE
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2. Historical roots2.1 ReligionNonv
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Mahatma Gandhi was born a Hindu, pr
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colonial and post‐colonial eras.
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▶ Generations to come will scarce
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elieve people and not profit are ce
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Methods of nonviolent protestNonvio
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Nonviolent communication skills are
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▶ Mr. A is more concerned about t
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A kind of misery about one’s own
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Demand‘I want you to do it, if yo
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▶ “When I see…” “When I h
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The following list provides some mo
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Feelings are often associated with
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To clearly identify and name our em
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Fun fulfilled by laughing and playi
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RequestThe fourth and last componen
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We help others to trust that we are
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This involves the four areas of non
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3) Connect your thoughts with your
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A verbal wound is as bad as a physi
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4. Translating the others’ blame
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VII.FAIR PLAY
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2. Fairness and sportsAlthough fair
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▶ Sports can be used to counter v
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Fair Play PointsIf rules are establ
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4. Principles for teaching fair pla
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GangingAn irritating situation can
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national institutions to send out a
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VIII.CONFLICTTRANSFORMATION
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flict is either settled forever or
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The major aims of dealing construct
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7. Introducing a third party with s
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▶ Do not damage your opponent’s
Page 259 and 260: 2. Conflict strategies -approaches
Page 261 and 262: modate put relationships first, ign
Page 263 and 264: New ideas are created when working
Page 265 and 266: CONFRON TA-TION /COMPETITIONAVOIDAN
Page 267 and 268: parency about feelings and percepti
Page 269 and 270: Answers to the following questions
Page 271 and 272: ▶ Interest‐based negotiation is
Page 273 and 274: “Blessed be the peacemakers for t
Page 275 and 276: They can talk directly (with the me
Page 277 and 278: Strength and weaknessA mediator’s
Page 279 and 280: 5.4 Phases of mediationThe process
Page 281 and 282: Ground rulesExplain the ground rule
Page 283 and 284: Phase 3 Clarify the problem/develop
Page 285 and 286: Deliberate on every optional soluti
Page 287 and 288: CHECKLIST FOR MEDIATORSPhase IOpeni
Page 289 and 290: APPENDIX
Page 291 and 292: 15. United Nations: Charter of the
Page 293 and 294: 6. Lederach, John Paul: Preparing f
Page 295 and 296: 24. Burton, John: Resolving deep ro
Page 297 and 298: 24. Dugan, Máire A.: Aggression. B
Page 299 and 300: Part VI - Nonviolence1. Wink, Walte
Page 301 and 302: 5. Sadako Ogata (High Commissioner
Page 303 and 304: ReferencesAbiew, Francis Kofi & Kea
Page 305 and 306: Foucault, Michael: The History of S
Page 307 and 308: Lederach, John Paul: Preparing for
Page 309: Schweitzer, Christine (et al): Civi
Page 313 and 314: “I have a dream” - Martin Luthe
Page 315 and 316: persecution and staggered by the wi
Page 317 and 318: Excerpts from the joint position pa
Page 319 and 320: experts and their local colleagues.
Page 321: Katharina Schilling is a medical nu
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