Peacebuilding &conflict transformation A ... - Peaceworkafrica

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NotesPart I – Peace1. Sources for Part I – Peace: Lederach, John Paul: Preparing for Peace. Conflict Transformation AcrossCultures, 1996, Lederach, John Paul: Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided Societies,1997; Gugel, Günther & Jäger, Uli: Friedenspädagogik nach dem Irak-Krieg: Kontinuität und neueAnsätze 2003, Gugel, Günther, Jäger, Uli: Promote Peace Education around the World. InternationalExpert Meeting, 2004; Caritas Internationalis: Peacebuilding: A Caritas Training Manual, 2002;Gugel, Günther & Müller, Ragnar: Basic Course on Peace Education, Course 1&2; Ernst‐Otto Czempiel:Friedensstrategien, Systemwandel durch Internationale Organisationen, Demokratisierung undWirtschaft, 1986 p. 44–46; Galtung, Johan: Conflict Transformation by peaceful means, 2000; Galtung,Johan: A theory of Peace, Building Direct, Structural and Cultural Peace, 2010; Keating, Tom &Knight Andy W.: Building sustainable peace, 2004; Barnett, Jon: Peace and Development: Towards aNew Synthesis, 2008 p. 75–89; Lund, Michael S.: What kind of peace is being built: Taking stock ofPost‐conflict peacebuilding and charting future directions, 20032. The following quotes are taken from: The British & foreign Bible Society: The Bible, revised standardversion 19673. Mbuli Rene: Cameroon: An “Island of Peace” or a Mere Time Bomb? A Conflict Prevention and EarlyWarning Analysis of the Country, December 20094. The continuum was developed by Senghaas, Dieter: Civilisation of Conflict, 2004; Zür, Michael:Vom Nationalstaat lernen, Das zivilisatorische Hexagon in der Weltinnenpolitik, 2000, p. 21–255. Grewal, Baljit Singh: Johan Galtung: Positive and Negative Peace, 2003; Galtung, Johan: A theory ofPeace, Building Direct, Structural and Cultural Peace, 2010, p. 20–31; see also Part IV Non-violence,Chapter 4.6. Franklin, Benjamin (1705–1790) quoted in Brands, H.W. The First American: The Life and Times ofBenjamin Franklin, 2000, p. 6207. UNESCO: Report for Education for the 21st Century, Learning: The Treasure Within, 1997, S. 83; TheHagueAppealforPeace:Teaching Toward a Culture of Peace. A Peace Education Resource Packet, 20028. Masciulli, Joseph: From a Culture of Violence to a Culture of Peace. Evolving cosmopolitan politics andethics, 2004, p. 331–353; Social Cohesion and Peace Education Unit, Ministry of Education, SriLanka: National Policy and a comprehensive framework of actions on education for social cohesionand peace (ESCP) 2008.9. Keating, Tom & Knight Andy W.: Building sustainable peace, 2004 p. 47–240 (various authors);Gugel, Günther & Müller, Ragnar: Basic Course on Peace Education, Course 110. UNESCO: Basic Texts, 2012 p. 511. Kant, Immanuel: Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch, 179512. United Nations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, 2008p. 313. United Nations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, ChapterI Purpose and Principles, Article, 2008 p. 514. United Nations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice,Statute of the International Court of Justice Article 1, 2008 p. 73288 A P P E N D I X
15. United Nations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, Statuteof the International Court of Justice, Chapter I Organization of the Court, Article 2, 2008 p. 7316. United Nations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice,Statute of the International Court of Justice, Chapter II Competence of the Court, Article 34.1, 2008p. 8817. Boutros Boutros‐Ghali: An Agenda for Peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peace‐keeping,1992; Boutros Boutros‐Ghali: Supplement to An Agenda for Peace: Position Paper of the Secretary-Generalon the Occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the United Nations, 199518. United Nations: United Nations Peacekeeping Operations. Principles and Guidelines, 2010; UnitedNations: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, 2008 ChapterVI and VII19. Sources for Chapter 3 – Peacebuilding: Gavriel, Salomon: The nature of peacebuilding: not all programsare created equal, 2002; Keating Tom & Knight Andy W.: Building sustainable peace (especiallyBush Kenneth p. 25–43) 2004; Schweitzer, Christine (et al): Civilian Peacekeeping – A BarelyTapped Resource, 2010; Morris, Catherine: What is Peacebuilding? One Definition, 2000; Lederach,John Paul: Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided Societies, 1997; Gugel, Günther &Müller, Ragnar: Basic Course on Peace Education, Course 1 & 3; Lund, Michael S.: What kind of peaceis being built: Taking stock of Post‐conflict peacebuilding and charting future directions, 2003; BoutrosBoutros‐Ghali: An Agenda for Peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peace‐keeping, 1992;Boutros Boutros‐Ghali: Supplement to An Agenda for Peace: Position Paper of the Secretary‐Generalon the Occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the United Nations, 1995; Galtung, Johan: A theory ofPeace, Building Direct, Structural and Cultural Peace, 2010; Masciulli, Joseph: From a Culture of Violenceto a Culture of Peace. Evolving cosmopolitan politics and ethics, 2004; Search for CommonGround: Communication for Peacebuilding: Practices, Trends and Challenges, 201120. Abiew, Francis Kofi & Keating, Tom: Defining a Role for Civil Society, 2004; Anderson, Mary B.: DoNo Harm: How aid can support peace – or war, 1999, Auer‐Frege, Ilona (Hg): Wege zur Gewaltfreiheit –Methoden der internationalen zivilen Konfliktbearbeitung, 2010; Galtung, Johan: Conflict Trans formationby peaceful means, 2000; Caritas Internationalis: Peacebuilding: A Caritas Training Manual,2004 Module 421. Lederach, John Paul (et al): Reflective Peacebuilding: A Planning, Monitoring and Learning Toolkit,2007 p. 18–23; Miall, Hugh: Conflict Transformation: A Multi‐Dimensional Task 2004 p. 6–1122. Miall, Hugh: Conflict Transformation: A Multi‐Dimensional Task, 2004 p. 12–15; Labonte, Melissa:Humanitarian Actors and the Politics of Preventive Action 2004 p. 46–69; Abiew, Francis Kofi &Keating, Tom: Defining a Role for Civil Society, 200423. AGEH and EED: Joint position paper: O Lord, make me an instrument of Your peace, The CivilPeace Service (CPS): an instrument of Christian peace work, Bonn and Cologne 200924. I have a dream – see appendix25. Gandhi’s principle – see appendix26. Sources for Chapter 3 – Peace Education: Gugel, Günther & Müller, Ragnar: Basic Course on PeaceEducation, Course 3; Gugel, Günther & Jäger, Uli: Gewalt muss nicht sein. Eine Einführung in friedens -pädagogisches Denken und Handeln. 1997; Gavriel, Salomon: The nature of peacebuilding: not allprograms are created equal, 2002; Seitz, Klaus: Bildung und Konflikt, Die Rolle von Bildung bei derEntstehung, Prävention und Bewältigung gesellschaftlicher Krisen – Konsequenzen für die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit,2004; Shell‐Faucon, Stephanie: Conflict Transformation through Educationaland Youth Programmes, 2001; Jäger, Uli: Peace Education in the 21st century 2011; Senghaas, Dieter:Zum irdischen Frieden, 2004; Schmelzle, Beatrix: Training for Conflict Transformation – An Over -view of Approaches and Resources, 2006; Gugel, Günther / Jäger, Uli: Promote Peace Education aroundthe World. International Expert Meeting, 2004; Social Cohesion and Peace Education Unit, Ministryof Education, Sri Lanka: National Policy and a comprehensive framework of actions on education forsocial cohesion and peace (ESCP) 2008; Gugel, Günther / Jäger, Uli: Friedenspädagogik nach demN o t e s 289
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Peacebuilding& conflict transformat
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Peacebuilding& conflict transformat
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Table of contentsEditors’ Forewor
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2.1 Aspects of conflicts . . . . .
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Editors’ forewordWhen Katharina S
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ForewordDear user(s), this resource
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This version is accompanied by the
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process our social connectedness as
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I.PEACE
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Peace and striving for peace are at
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▶ Peace is an interweaving of rel
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peace encompasses all aspects of a
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1.5 Strategies for peaceMahatma Gan
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▶ International Convention on the
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There is a great deal of human suff
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2.2 Principles for peacebuildingThe
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InfrastructureInfrastructure is req
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ebuilding community structures, per
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3.1 What is peace education?Peace e
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NonviolenceNonviolence means that f
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the fear of the one’s personal po
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▶ Discover inner peace —this me
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4.1.2 Peace as a research activity
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II.COMMUNICATION
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2. Facts about communication2.1 It
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2.5 Implicit and explicit messagesA
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2.7 Our own fantasySometimes one re
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3.1 Verbal communication“Speech i
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Facial expressions: show emotions o
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Smelling using the nose to listen t
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Intrapersonal communication … is
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7. Receiving and sending7.1 The cyc
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All four aspects must be properly r
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Dimension of information/factual le
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Additionally, a receiver whose self
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8. Factors influencing the qualityo
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the listener is expected to clearly
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Set context and state the purpose o
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Keep in mind:▶ When overused, act
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Don’t say “You know something w
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10.1.3 SummarizingA summary is simi
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ClarifyingClarifying means to use t
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Questioning techniques / Interrogat
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Obviously, before even thinking of
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Helpful - de-escalating effectExpre
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Additionally, people actively invol
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1. Conflict - a fact of lifeSymbol
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2. Social conflict2.1 What is typic
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Examples▶ Two people disagree on
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2.3 Typical conflict behavioursThe
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conflict transformation skills as i
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AttitudeAttitude means the way an i
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Respect: self‐respect, personal i
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acquired by everyone. If dialogue a
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Sources of powerThere are various s
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. Needs and their classificationsHu
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or any other differentiating charac
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How we are likely to feel when our
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Structural conflict is caused by un
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IV.TOOLS FORANALYSIS
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Context analysis in peace building
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Conflict analysis can be carried ou
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a) good conflict analysis skills,b)
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Decide and agree on the meaning of
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Example - Age limit for CYF members
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3.4 ABC - triangleWhat is it?▶ Th
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When to use it?▶ with a group hav
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3.7 Pyramid - three level triangleW
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▶ Relationship: identify and desc
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1. IntroductionViolence is a phenom
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▶ Worldwide, violence is used as
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Core of use of objects (weapons)Vis
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4. Dimensions of violence - a typol
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▶ Direct violence means an indivi
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using industrialized nations cause
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tual condition compared to what wou
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6. The dynamics of conflicts and vi
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Survival or physical level - The in
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6.1.2 Aggression and…Aggression a
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▶ One can use so‐called ‘invi
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tooth” are common all over the wo
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6.3.1 From unmet needs to crisis -
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Fire begins to burnConfrontation/Op
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6.3.4 F. Glasl’s - nine stages of
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3. LEVEL THREE (LOSE-LOSE)Stage 7:
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to describe emotions or speak about
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eaction and answer concerning the d
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7.3 Violence and genderSEXrefers on
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Gender based violenceGender based v
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7.5 Violence and ideology▶ Nation
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with equal alacrity by people on th
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9. Effects of violenceViolent confl
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VI.NONVIOLENCE
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2. Historical roots2.1 ReligionNonv
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Mahatma Gandhi was born a Hindu, pr
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colonial and post‐colonial eras.
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▶ Generations to come will scarce
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elieve people and not profit are ce
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Methods of nonviolent protestNonvio
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Nonviolent communication skills are
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▶ Mr. A is more concerned about t
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A kind of misery about one’s own
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Demand‘I want you to do it, if yo
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▶ “When I see…” “When I h
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The following list provides some mo
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Feelings are often associated with
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To clearly identify and name our em
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Fun fulfilled by laughing and playi
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RequestThe fourth and last componen
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We help others to trust that we are
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This involves the four areas of non
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3) Connect your thoughts with your
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A verbal wound is as bad as a physi
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4. Translating the others’ blame
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VII.FAIR PLAY
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2. Fairness and sportsAlthough fair
Page 239 and 240: ▶ Sports can be used to counter v
Page 241 and 242: Fair Play PointsIf rules are establ
Page 243 and 244: 4. Principles for teaching fair pla
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Page 249 and 250: VIII.CONFLICTTRANSFORMATION
Page 251 and 252: flict is either settled forever or
Page 253 and 254: The major aims of dealing construct
Page 255 and 256: 7. Introducing a third party with s
Page 257 and 258: ▶ Do not damage your opponent’s
Page 259 and 260: 2. Conflict strategies -approaches
Page 261 and 262: modate put relationships first, ign
Page 263 and 264: New ideas are created when working
Page 265 and 266: CONFRON TA-TION /COMPETITIONAVOIDAN
Page 267 and 268: parency about feelings and percepti
Page 269 and 270: Answers to the following questions
Page 271 and 272: ▶ Interest‐based negotiation is
Page 273 and 274: “Blessed be the peacemakers for t
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Page 277 and 278: Strength and weaknessA mediator’s
Page 279 and 280: 5.4 Phases of mediationThe process
Page 281 and 282: Ground rulesExplain the ground rule
Page 283 and 284: Phase 3 Clarify the problem/develop
Page 285 and 286: Deliberate on every optional soluti
Page 287 and 288: CHECKLIST FOR MEDIATORSPhase IOpeni
Page 289: APPENDIX
Page 293 and 294: 6. Lederach, John Paul: Preparing f
Page 295 and 296: 24. Burton, John: Resolving deep ro
Page 297 and 298: 24. Dugan, Máire A.: Aggression. B
Page 299 and 300: Part VI - Nonviolence1. Wink, Walte
Page 301 and 302: 5. Sadako Ogata (High Commissioner
Page 303 and 304: ReferencesAbiew, Francis Kofi & Kea
Page 305 and 306: Foucault, Michael: The History of S
Page 307 and 308: Lederach, John Paul: Preparing for
Page 309 and 310: Schweitzer, Christine (et al): Civi
Page 311 and 312: Gandhi’s principlesLive as if you
Page 313 and 314: “I have a dream” - Martin Luthe
Page 315 and 316: persecution and staggered by the wi
Page 317 and 318: Excerpts from the joint position pa
Page 319 and 320: experts and their local colleagues.
Page 321: Katharina Schilling is a medical nu
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