STATISTICS

Syrian Arab RepublicRegion Western AsiaCurrency Syrian Pound (SYP)Surface area (square kilometres) 185 180Population in 2012 (estimated, 000) 21 890Population density in 2012 (per square kilometre) 118.2Capital city and population in 2011 (000) Damascus (2 650)United Nations membership date 24 October 1945Economic indicators 2005 2010 2012GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) 28 397 60 465 46 540GDP: Growth rate at constant 2005 prices (annual %) 6.2 3.4 1.6GDP per capita (current US$) 1 563.1 2 808.1 2 126.1GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) 1 493.4 2 744.9 2 083.5Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.0 20.8 21.0Exchange rates (national currency per US$) a 52.00 46.58 74.37Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 299 –367 ...CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) 122 173 ...Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100) 100 89 88Food production index (2004-2006=100) 99 92 92Unemployment (% of labour force) 10.9 b 8.6 14.9 cEmployment in industrial sector (% of employed) d 28.3 ef 32.7 32.7 cEmployment in agricultural sector (% of employed) d 19.6 ef 14.3 14.3 cLabour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 16.3 13.2 13.4Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 76.1 72.7 72.7Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) gh 3 571 i 8 546 5 070 cEnergy production, primary (000 mt oil equivalent) 28 521 28 672 ...Mobile-cellular subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants) 16.0 57.8 61.2Individuals using the Internet (%) 5.7 j 20.7 24.3 jTotal trade Major trading partners 2012(million US$) k (% of exports) k (% of imports) kExports 11 352.9 Iraq 20.2 Turkey 9.5Imports 17 561.6 Italy 13.4 China 8.8Balance –6 208.7 Germany 13.0 Italy 7.4Social indicatorsPopulation growth rate (average annual %) 2010-2015 0.7Urban population growth rate (average annual %) 2010-2015 2.4Rural population growth rate (average annual %) 2010-2015 0.8Urban population (%) 2013 56.9Population aged 0-14 years (%) 2013 35.1Population aged 60+ years (females and males, % of total) 2013 6.5/6.1Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 2013 103.8Life expectancy at birth (females and males, years) 2010-2015 77.6/71.6Infant mortality rate (per 1 000 live births) 2010-2015 17.7Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) 2010-2015 3.0Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) 2006-2012 58.3International migrant stock (000 and % of total population) lm mid-2013 1 394.2/6.4Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR mid-2013 4 619 088 nEducation: Government expenditure (% of GDP) 2006-2012 5.1Education: Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (f/m per 100) 2006-2012 90.7/91.7Education: Female third-level students (% of total) 2006-2012 48.8Intentional homicides (females and males, per 100 000) 2008-2010 0.7/4.5Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 2014 12.0Environmental indicatorsThreatened species 2013 85Forested area (% of land area) 2011 2.7CO 2 emission estimates (000 metric tons and metric tons per capita) 2010 61 808/3.0Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equivalent) 2010 1 081.0Precipitation in the capital city, total mean (millimetres)134 oTemperature in the capital city, mean °C (minimum and maximum)8.1/25.3 pa UN operational exchange rate. b 2008. c 2011. d The indices are shown in terms of ISIC Rev.2. e 2006.f Break in series; data not strictly comparable. g Arrivals of non-resident tourists in all types of accommodationestablishments. h 2000-2011: Includes nationals residing abroad. i Excludes Iraqi nationals. jITU estimate. k 2010. l Data refer to foreign citizens. m Includes refugees. n Refugee figures for Iraqis inthe Syrian Arab Republic are government estimates. UNHCR has registered and is assisting 42,400 Iraqisat mid-2013. o Based on monthly averages for the period 1955-2004. p Based on monthly averages forthe period 1956-2004.192 World Statistics Pocketbook