BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES 387 Bartoszewski, G., Niedziela, A., Szwacka, M., <strong>and</strong> Niemirowicz-Szczytt, K. 2003. Modification <strong>of</strong> tomato taste in transgenic plants carrying a thaumatin gene from Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth. Plant Breed., 122: 347–351. Bird, C.R., Ray, J.A., Fletcher, J.D., Boniwell, J.M., <strong>and</strong> Bird, A.S. 1991. Using antisense RNA to study gene function: inhibition <strong>of</strong> carotenoid biosynthesis in transgenic tomatoes. Nat. Biotechnol., 9: 635–638. Bojórquez, G. <strong>and</strong> Gómez Lim, M.A. 1995. Peroxisomal thiolase mRNA is induced during mango fruit ripening. Plant Mol. Biol., 28: 811–820. Bovy, A., de Vos, R., Kemper, M., Schijlen, E., Almenar Pertejo, M., Muir, S., Collins, G., Robinson, S., Verhoeyen, M., Hughes, S., Santos-Buelga, C., <strong>and</strong> van Tunen, A. 2002. High-flavonol tomatoes resulting from the heterologous expression <strong>of</strong> the maize transcription factor genes LC <strong>and</strong> C1. Plant Cell, 14: 2509–2526. Breton, G., Danyluk, J., Ouellet, F., <strong>and</strong> Sarhan, F., 2000. Biotechnological applications <strong>of</strong> plant freezing associated proteins. Biotechnol. Annu. Rev., 6: 59–101. Bukovac, M.J. <strong>and</strong> Nakagawa, S. 1967. Comparative potency <strong>of</strong> gibberellins in inducing parthenocarpic fruit growth in Malus sylvestris Mill. Experientia, 23: 865. Cantor, C.R. 2000. Biotechnology in the 21st century. Trends Biotechnol., 18: 6–7. Carmi, N., Salts, Y., Dedicova, B., Shabtai, S., <strong>and</strong> Barg, R. 2003. Induction <strong>of</strong> parthenocarpy in tomato via specific expression <strong>of</strong> the rolB gene in the ovary. Planta, 217: 726–735. 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Res. 14: 1–14. Cruz Hern<strong>and</strong>ez, A. <strong>and</strong> Gómez Lim, M.A. 1995. Alternative oxidase from mango (Mangifera indica, L.) is differentially regulated during fruit ripening. Planta, 197: 569–576. Daniell, H., Muthukumar, B., <strong>and</strong> Lee, S.B. 2001. Marker free transgenic plants: engineering the chloroplast genome without the use <strong>of</strong> antibiotic selection. Curr. Gen., 39: 109–116. Davies, K.M., Bloor, S.J., Spiller, G.B., <strong>and</strong> Deroles, S.C. 1998. Production <strong>of</strong> yellow colour in flowers: redirection <strong>of</strong> flavonoid biosynthesis in Petunia. Plant J., 13: 259–266. Davuluri, G.R., van Tuinen, A., Fraser, P.D., Manfredonia, A., Newman, R., Burgess, D., Brummell, D.A., King, S.R., Palys, J., Uhlig, J., Bramley, P.M., Pennings, H.M., <strong>and</strong> Bowler, C. 2005. Fruit-specific RNAi-mediated suppression <strong>of</strong> DET1 enhances carotenoid <strong>and</strong> flavonoid content in tomatoes. Nat. Biotechnol., 23: 890–895. Deak, M., Horvath, G.V., Davletova, S., Torok, K., Sass, L., Vass, I., Barna, B., Kiraly, Z., <strong>and</strong> Dudits, D. 1999. Plants ectopically expressing the iron-binding protein, ferritin, are tolerant to oxidative damage <strong>and</strong> pathogens. Nat. Biotechnol., 17: 192–196. Dolgov, S.V., Schestibratov, K.A., <strong>and</strong> Mikhailov, R.V. 2004. Apple transformation with the gene <strong>of</strong> supersweet protein thaumatin ii. Acta Hort., 663: 507–510. Dus Santos, M.J. <strong>and</strong> Wigdorovitz, A. 2005. Transgenic plants for the production <strong>of</strong> veterinary vaccines. Immunol. Cell Biol., 83: 229–238. Duwenig, E., Steup, M., Willmitzer, L., <strong>and</strong> Kossmann, J. 1997. Antisense inhibition <strong>of</strong> cytosolic phosphorylase in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) affects tuber sprouting <strong>and</strong> flower formation with only little impact on carbohydrate metabolism. Plant J., 12: 323–333. Ebinuma, H., Sugita, K., Matsunaga, E., <strong>and</strong> Yamakado, M. 1997. Selection <strong>of</strong> marker-free transgenic plants using the isopentenyl transferasegene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94: 2117–2121. El Ouakfaoui S. <strong>and</strong> Miki, B. 2005. The stability <strong>of</strong> the Arabidopsis transcriptome in transgenic plants expressing the marker genes nptII <strong>and</strong> uidA. Plant J., 41: 791–800. FAO. 2006. Available at: http://www.fao.org/ Faus, I. 2000. Recent developments in the characterization <strong>and</strong> biotechnological production <strong>of</strong> sweet-tasting proteins. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 53: 145–151. Faye, L., Boulaflous, A., Benchanane, M., Gomord, V., <strong>and</strong> Michaud, D. 2005. Protein modifications in the plant secretory pathway: current status <strong>and</strong> practical implications in molecular farming. Vaccine, 23: 1770–1778. Fernie, A.R., Willmitzer, L., <strong>and</strong> Trethewey, R.N. 2002. Sucrose to starch: a transition in molecular plant physiology. Trends Plant Sci., 7: 35–41.
388 POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY & TECHNOLOGY OF FRUITS, VEGETABLES, & FLOWERS Fiorani, F., Umbach, A.L., <strong>and</strong> Siedow, J.N. 2005. The alternative oxidase <strong>of</strong> plant mitochondria is involved in the acclimation <strong>of</strong> shoot growth at low temperature. A study <strong>of</strong> Arabidopsis AOX1a transgenic plants. Plant Physiol., 139: 1795–1805. Fischer, R., Stoger, E., Schillberg, S., Christou, P., <strong>and</strong> Twyman, R.M. 2004. Plant-based production <strong>of</strong> biopharmaceuticals. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 7: 152–158. Forkmann, G. <strong>and</strong> Martens, S. 2001. Metabolic engineering <strong>and</strong> applications <strong>of</strong> flavonoids. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 12: 155–160. Fos, M., Nuez, F., <strong>and</strong> Garcia-Martinez, J.L. 2000. The gene pat-2, which induces natural parthenocarpy, alters the gibberellin content in unpollinated tomato ovaries. Plant Physiol., 122: 471–480. Fraser, P.D. <strong>and</strong> Bramley, P.M. 2004. The biosynthesis <strong>and</strong> nutritional uses <strong>of</strong> carotenoids. Prog. Lipid Res., 43: 228–265. Garg, A.K., Sawers, R.J., Wang, H., Kim, J.K., Walker, J.M., Brutnell, T.P., Parthasarathy, M.V., Vierstra, R.D., <strong>and</strong> Wu, R.J. 2005. Light-regulated overexpression <strong>of</strong> an Arabidopsis phytochrome A gene in rice alters plant architecture <strong>and</strong> increases grain yield. Planta, 221: 1–10. Gill, I. <strong>and</strong> Valivety, R. 1997. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, part 1: occurrence, biological activities <strong>and</strong> applications. Trends Biotechnol., 15: 401–409. Gilmour, S.J., Fowler, S.G., <strong>and</strong> Thomashow, M.F. 2004. Arabidopsis transcriptional activators CBF1, CBF2, <strong>and</strong> CBF3 have matching functional activities. Plant Mol. Biol., 54: 767–781. Gilmour, S.J., Sebolt, A.M., Salazar, M.P., Everard, J.D., <strong>and</strong> Thomashow, M.F. 2000. Overexpression <strong>of</strong> the Arabidopsis CBF3 transcriptional activator mimics multiple biochemical changes associated with cold acclimation. Plant Physiol., 124: 1854–1865. Giovannoni, J.J. 2004. Genetic regulation <strong>of</strong> fruit development <strong>and</strong> ripening. Plant Cell, 16(Suppl): S170– S180. Gómez Lim, M.A. <strong>and</strong> Litz, R.E. 2004. Genetic transformation <strong>of</strong> tropical species. In Vitro Cell. Develop. Biol., 40: 442–449. Gorguet, B., van Heusden, A.W., <strong>and</strong> Lindhout, P. 2005. Parthenocarpic fruit development in tomato. Plant Biol., 7: 131–139. Goto, F., Yoshihara, T., Shigemoto, N., Toki, S., <strong>and</strong> Takaiwa, F. 1999. Iron fortification <strong>of</strong> rice seed by the soybean ferritin gene. Nat. Biotechnol., 17: 282–286. Griffith, M. <strong>and</strong> Yaish, M.W. 2004. 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Commercialization <strong>of</strong> plant-based vaccines from research <strong>and</strong> development to manufacturing. Animal Health Res. Rev., 5: 243–245. Huang, S., Gilbertson, L.A., Adams, T.H., Malloy, K.P., Reisenbigler, E.K., Birr, D.H., Snyder, M.W., Zhang, Q., <strong>and</strong> Luethy, M.H. 2004. Generation <strong>of</strong> marker-free transgenic maize by regular two-border Agrobacterium transformation vectors. Transgenic. Res., 13: 451–461. Ishizaki-Nishizawa, O., Fujii, T., Azuma, M., Sekiguchi, K., Murata, N., Ohtani, T., <strong>and</strong> Toguri, T. 1996. Lowtemperature resistance <strong>of</strong> higher plants is significantly enhanced by a nonspecific cyanobacterial desaturase. Nat. Biotechnol., 14: 1003–1006. James, V.A., Worl<strong>and</strong>, B., Snape, J.W., <strong>and</strong> Vain, P. 2004. Strategies for precise quantification <strong>of</strong> transgene expression levels over several generations in rice. J. Exp. Bot., 55: 1307–1313. 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vi CONTENTS 9 Structural Deteriorat
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Contributors Ishan Adyanthaya Depar
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x CONTRIBUTORS Gopinadhan Paliyath
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xii PREFACE difficult to find a boo
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Chapter 1 Postharvest Biology and T
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POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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COMMON FRUITS, VEGETABLES, FLOWERS,
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Chapter 3 Biochemistry of Fruits Go
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Cl O O O OH Cl O OH Cl Cl Cl 2,4-Di
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BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 439 O
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BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 441 Le
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Chapter 21 Changes in Nutritional Q
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
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Index Abscisic acid (ABA), 65, 210,
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INDEX 469 Biosensor-based technolog
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INDEX 471 Cryptochlorogenic acid (4
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INDEX 473 French bean, 95 Fresh-cut
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INDEX 475 LePLDα3 (AY013253), 213-
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INDEX 477 Pectin methylesterase (PM
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INDEX 479 PSY1 expression, 289 PSY1
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INDEX 481 Sugars, biosynthesis of,