BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 441 Leenaars, M. <strong>and</strong> Hendriksen, C.F.M. 2005. Critical steps in the production <strong>of</strong> polyclonal <strong>and</strong> monoclonal antibodies: evaluation <strong>and</strong> recommendations. ILAR J., 46: 269–279. Leonard, P., Hearty, S., Brennan, J., Dunne, L., Quinn, J., Chakraborty, T., <strong>and</strong> O’Kennedy, R. 2003. Advances in biosensors for detection <strong>of</strong> pathogens in food <strong>and</strong> water. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 32(1): 3–13. Leonard, P., Hearty, S., Wyatt, G., Quinn, J., <strong>and</strong> O’Kennedy, R. 2005. Development <strong>of</strong> a surface plasmon resonance–based immunoassay for Listeria monocytogenes. J. Food Prot., 68: 728–735. López, M.A., Ortega, F., Domínguez, E., <strong>and</strong> Katakis, I. 1998. Electrochemical immunosensor for the detection <strong>of</strong> atrazine. J. Mol. Recognition., 11(1–6): 178–181. Luong, J.H.T., Brown, R.S., Male, K.B. Cattaneo, M.V., <strong>and</strong> Zhao, S.S. 1995. Enzyme reactions in the presence <strong>of</strong> cyclodextrins: biosensors <strong>and</strong> enzyme assays. Trends Biotechnol., 13(11): 457–463. MacLean, D.D., Murr, D.P., DeEll, J.R., <strong>and</strong> Horvath, C.R. 2006. <strong>Postharvest</strong> variation in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) flavonoids following harvest, storage, <strong>and</strong> 1-MCP treatment. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54(3): 870– 878. Markey, F. 2000. Principles <strong>of</strong> surface plasmon resonance. In: Real-Time Analysis <strong>of</strong> Biomolecular Interactions (eds, K. Nagata <strong>and</strong> H. H<strong>and</strong>a), Springer, Tokyo, pp. 13–22. McGuinness, B.T., Walter, G., FitzGerald, K., Schuler, P., Mahoney, W., Duncan, A.R., <strong>and</strong> Hoogenboom, H.R. 1996. Phage diabody repertoires for selection <strong>of</strong> large numbers <strong>of</strong> bispecific antibody fragments. Nat. Biotechnol., 14(9): 1149–1154. Minunni, M. <strong>and</strong> Mascini, M. 1993. Detection <strong>of</strong> pesticide in drinking water using real-time biospecific interaction analysis (BIA). Anal. Lett., 26(7): 1441–1460. Mitchum, B., Cantwell, M., <strong>and</strong> Kader, A. 1996. Methods for determining quality <strong>of</strong> fresh commodities. Perishables H<strong>and</strong>ling Newsletter, 85: 1–5. Moran, E., O’Keeffe, M., O’Connor, R., Larkin, A.M., Murphy, P., <strong>and</strong> Clynes, M. 2002. Methods for generation <strong>of</strong> monoclonal antibodies to the very small drug hapten, 5-benzimidazolecarboxylic acid. J. Immunol. Methods, 271(1–2): 65–75. Muhammad-Tahir, Z. <strong>and</strong> Alocilja, E.C. 2004. A Disposable Biosensor For Pathogen Detection In Fresh Produce Samples. Biosys. Engin., 88: 145–151. Mullett, W., Lai, E.P.C., <strong>and</strong> Yeung, J.M. 1998. Immunoassay <strong>of</strong> Fumonisins by a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Anal. Biochem., 258(2): 161–167. Nakamura, C., Hasegawa, M., Nakamura, N., <strong>and</strong> Miyake, J. 2003. Rapid <strong>and</strong> specific detection <strong>of</strong> herbicides using a self-assembled photosynthetic reaction centre from purple bacterium on an SPR chip. Biosens. Bioelectron., 18: 599–603. Nedelkov, D., Rasooly, A., <strong>and</strong> Nelson, R.W. 2000. Multitoxin biosensor–mass spectrometry analysis: a new approach for rapid, real-time, sensitive analysis <strong>of</strong> staphylococcal toxins in food. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 60: 1–13. Nelson, P.N., Reynolds, G.M., Waldron, E.E., Ward, E., Giannopoulos, K., <strong>and</strong> Murray, P.G. 2000. Monoclonal antibodies. J. Clin. Pathol. Mol. Pathol., 53: 111–117. Oh, B., Kim, Y.K., Park, K.W., Lee, W.H., <strong>and</strong> Choi, J.W. 2004. Surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for the detection <strong>of</strong> Salmonella typhimurium. Biosens. Bioelectron., 19: 1497–1504. Perisic, O., Webb, P.A., Holliger, P., Winter, G., <strong>and</strong> Williams, R.L. 1994. Crystal structure <strong>of</strong> a diabody, a bivalent antibody fragment. Structure, 2(12): 1217–1226. Pogačnik, L. <strong>and</strong> Franko, M. 2003. Detection <strong>of</strong> organophosphate <strong>and</strong> carbamate pesticides in vegetable samples by a photothermal biosensor. Biosens. Bioelectron., 18: 1–9. Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M., <strong>and</strong> Ritter, J.M. 1998. Cholinergic transmission. In: Pharmacology, 3rd edn, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh. Röthlisberger, D., Honegger, A., <strong>and</strong> Plückthun, A. 2005. Domain interactions in the Fab fragment: a comparative evaluation <strong>of</strong> the single-chain Fv <strong>and</strong> Fab format engineered with variable domains <strong>of</strong> different stability. J. Mol. Biol., 347(4): 773–789. Rubtsova, M.Y., Kovba, G.V., <strong>and</strong> Egorov, A.M. 1998. Chemiluminescent biosensors based on porous supports with immobilised peroxidase. Biosens. Bioelectron., 13: 75–85. Ryan, B.J., Carolan, N., <strong>and</strong> Ó’Fágáin, C. 2006. Horseradish <strong>and</strong> soybean peroxidases: comparable tools for alternative niches? Trends Biotechnol., 24: 355–363. Sapsford, K.E., Taitt, C.R., Fertig, S., Moore, M.H., Lassman, M.E., Maragos, C.M., <strong>and</strong> Shriver-Lake, L.C. 2006. Indirect competitive immunoassay for detection <strong>of</strong> aflatoxin B 1 in corn <strong>and</strong> nut products using the array biosensor. Biosens. Bioelectron., 21: 2298–2305. Scheller, F. <strong>and</strong> Schubert, F. 1992. Physiochemical, biochemical <strong>and</strong> technological fundamentals <strong>of</strong> biosensors. In: Biosensors, Elsevier, New York, pp. 24–25.
442 POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY & TECHNOLOGY OF FRUITS, VEGETABLES, & FLOWERS Schirra, M., D’Aquino, S., Palma, A., Marceddu, S., Angioni, A., Cabras, P., Scherm, B., <strong>and</strong> Migheli, Q. 2005. Residue level, persistence, <strong>and</strong> storage <strong>of</strong> citrus fruit treated with fludioxonil. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53(17): 6718–6724. Schlecht, U., Nomura, Y., Bachmann, T., <strong>and</strong> Karube, I. 2002. Reversible surface thiol immobilization <strong>of</strong> carboxyl group containing haptens to a BIAcore biosensor chip enabling repeated usage <strong>of</strong> a single sensor surface. Bioconjug. Chem., 13(2): 188–193. Schulze, H., Scherbaum, E., Anastassiades, M., Vorlová, S., Schmid R.D., <strong>and</strong> Bachmann, T.T. 2002. Development, validation, <strong>and</strong> application <strong>of</strong> an acetylcholinesterase-biosensor test for the direct detection <strong>of</strong> insecticide residues in infant food. Biosens. Bioelectron., 17: 1095–1105. Setford, S.J., Kröger, S., <strong>and</strong> Turner, A.P.F. 1999. Organic phase immunosensors. Analysis, 27: 600–609. Shmulevich, I., Ben-Arie, R., Sendler, N., <strong>and</strong> Carmi, Y. 2003. Sensing technology for quality assessment in controlled atmospheres. <strong>Postharvest</strong> Biol. Technol., 29(2): 145–154. Suihko, M.L., Salon, S., Nielsen, O., Gudbjörnsdóttir, B., Torkelsson, G., Bredholt, S., Sjöberg, A.M., <strong>and</strong> Gustavsson, P. 2002. Characterization <strong>of</strong> Listeria monocytogenes from the meat, poultry <strong>and</strong> seafood industries by automated ribotyping. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 72(1–2): 137–146. Timbrell, J.A. 1991. Biochemical mechanisms <strong>of</strong> toxicity: specific examples. In: Principles <strong>of</strong> Biochemical Toxicology, 2nd edition, Taylor & Francis, London. Townsend, S., Finlay W.J., Hearty S., <strong>and</strong> O’Kennedy R. 2006. Optimizing recombinant antibody function in SPR immunosensing. The influence <strong>of</strong> antibody structural format <strong>and</strong> chip surface chemistry on assay sensitivity. Biosens. Bioelectron., 22: 268–274. Tully, E., Hearty, S., Leonard, P., <strong>and</strong> O’Kennedy, R. 2005. The development <strong>of</strong> rapid fluorescence-based immunoassays, using quantum dot-labelled antibodies for the detection <strong>of</strong> Listeria monocytogenes cell surface proteins. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 39: 127–134. Voss, K. <strong>and</strong> Galensa, R. 2000. Determination <strong>of</strong> L- <strong>and</strong> D-amino acids in foodstuffs by coupling <strong>of</strong> highperformance liquid chromatography with enzyme reactors. Amino Acids, 18(4): 339–352. Xavier, M.P., Vallejo, B., Marazuela, M.D., Moreno-Bondi, M.C., Baldini, F., <strong>and</strong> Falai, A. 2000. Fiber optic monitoring <strong>of</strong> carbamate pesticides using porous glass with covalently bound chlorophenol red. Biosens. Bioelectron., 14: 895–905. Yu, J., Chang, P.K., Ehrlich, K.C., Cary, J.W., Bhatnagar, D., Clevel<strong>and</strong>, T.E., Payne, G.A., Linz, J.E., Woloshuk, C.P., <strong>and</strong> Bennett, J.W. 2004. Clustered pathway genes in aflatoxin biosynthesis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 70: 1253–1262. Additional websites <strong>of</strong> interest Food <strong>and</strong> Agriculture Organization <strong>of</strong> the United Nations (Homepage): http://www.faostat. fao.org/ Pesticide Residues in Food (MRLs/EMRLs): http://www.codexalimentarius.net/mrls/pestdes/jsp/pest q-e.jsp? language=EN&version=ext&hasbulk=0 The Pesticides Safety Directorate (Homepage): http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/ Fumonisin Facts Sheet (Homepage): http://www.fumonisin.noneto.com/
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Postharvest Biology and Technology
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Edition first published 2008 c○ 2
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vi CONTENTS 9 Structural Deteriorat
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Contributors Ishan Adyanthaya Depar
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x CONTRIBUTORS Gopinadhan Paliyath
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xii PREFACE difficult to find a boo
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Chapter 1 Postharvest Biology and T
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POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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COMMON FRUITS, VEGETABLES, FLOWERS,
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Chapter 3 Biochemistry of Fruits Go
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BIOCHEMISTRY OF FRUITS 21 et al., 2
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(a) (a′) (b) (b′) (c) (d) Fig.
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Chapter 9 Structural Deterioration
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PHOSPHOLIPASE D, MEMBRANE DETERIORA
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ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS IN FRUITS A
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- Page 444 and 445: BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 429 Pr
- Page 446 and 447: BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 431 e
- Page 448 and 449: BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 433 el
- Page 450 and 451: BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 435 st
- Page 452 and 453: Cl O O O OH Cl O OH Cl Cl Cl 2,4-Di
- Page 454 and 455: BIOSENSOR-BASED TECHNOLOGIES 439 O
- Page 458 and 459: Chapter 21 Changes in Nutritional Q
- Page 460 and 461: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 462 and 463: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 464 and 465: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 466 and 467: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 468 and 469: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 470 and 471: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 472 and 473: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 474 and 475: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 476 and 477: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 478 and 479: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 480 and 481: CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
- Page 482 and 483: Index Abscisic acid (ABA), 65, 210,
- Page 484 and 485: INDEX 469 Biosensor-based technolog
- Page 486 and 487: INDEX 471 Cryptochlorogenic acid (4
- Page 488 and 489: INDEX 473 French bean, 95 Fresh-cut
- Page 490 and 491: INDEX 475 LePLDα3 (AY013253), 213-
- Page 492 and 493: INDEX 477 Pectin methylesterase (PM
- Page 494 and 495: INDEX 479 PSY1 expression, 289 PSY1
- Page 496 and 497: INDEX 481 Sugars, biosynthesis of,