Memory of the World; 2012 - unesdoc - Unesco

� A plan of Bratislava and its surroundings, 1766.
� A map of forests near Prešov, showing water
transport to a factory producing salt, 1728.
The oldest original mining map is of the Horná Bíberová
Gallery, dating from 1641, which displays mining works
and technical equipment of the main mining enterprise
in Banská Štiavnica. Another remarkable map of this
enterprise dates back to 1695. A map of mining works
in Nová Baňa from 1631 has been preserved in a copy
from 1776. Several maps come from the 17th century but
the largest number are from the late 18th century and
the beginning of the 19th century. At that time, mining
techniques developed in the Slovak mining regions were
leading the world.
The vast majority of MCHO maps and plans in Banská
Štiavnica are in manuscript form. They reflect both the
artistic style of their time and advances in technical
measurement. In addition to the precise specialized
documentation of mining works or equipment, they also
depict the work of miners and smelters, the technical
equipment in mines, the work and tools of mining
surveyors, the design of mining towns and even the
clothes worn by miners. The maps from the last half
� An extract of an above-ground map displaying the
surroundings of copper ore mines in Dognacka, Romania,
with a list of explanatory notes, 1753.
� A shaft plan of the Juraj Gallery in Banská
Belá designed by J. Schitko, 1832.
A plan of a dramatic sculpture built in Košice, 1722. �
of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th century
are distinguished by the high quality of their additional
decorations and frequently include supplementary
drawings on the maps. The later 19th-century maps drop
the decoration and additional drawings and concentrate
on recording the technical details of the mining works,
their location and the surrounding geological conditions,
based on the design principles developed by the MCHO.
Other mapping variations include layer-segmented maps
based on geological horizons and maps where ore veins
are marked with ore grit. Some plans were completed
with cut-out and glued images of equipment to enable
better visualization of the mining chambers. A number
of records and documents register mining activities and
new methods of creating mining maps up until the fall
of the Austro-Hungarian empire and the establishment
of Czechoslovakia in 1918.
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