Transportation's Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...

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Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Low-Carbon Fuels 3.0 Vehicle Fuel Efficiency 4.0 System Efficiency Transportation’s Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhous Gas Emissions: Volume 2 5.0 Strategies to Reduce Carbon Intensive Travel Activity Appendix A: Methodological Issues
1.0 Introduction Transportation’s Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Volume 2 Transportation’s Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions is a report to Congress from the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) on the potential of transportation strategies to contribute to greenhouse gas reductions. Transportation has a significant impact on national greenhouse gas emissions, and transportation can be part of the nation’s solution to the climate change challenge. The Energy Independence and Security Act (December 2007) called upon DOT, in consultation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), to conduct a study of the impact of the Nation’s transportation system on climate change and strategies to mitigate the effects by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. The study is also to consider fuel savings and air pollution reduction from these measures. This report responds to that directive. Volume 1: Synthesis Report provides an overview of transportation’s contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), analyzes the effectiveness of various strategies available to reduce GHGs from the transportation sector, discusses the role of DOT planning and funding programs in providing a framework for strategic action on climate change, and concludes with five policy actions that Congress may wish to consider. Volume 2: Technical Report provides the technical basis for the summary material and recommendations in Volume 1. This volume, Volume 2, contains detailed technical discussions of the four groups of strategies that can contribute to reducing the carbon footprint of the transportation sector. Each group of strategies is evaluated based on a set of factors including magnitude of GHG reduction, timing of impacts, cost, cobenefits (including fuel savings and air quality), implications for other DOT goals, impacts on infrastructure financing, and feasibility and implementation considerations. Following this introduction: • Section 2.0 – Low Carbon Fuels discusses the potential of alternative fuels to reduce the carbon content of fuels. This review includes information on ethanol, biodiesel, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, synthetic fuels, alternative aviation fuels, hydrogen, and electricity. • Section 3.0 – Vehicle Fuel Efficiency investigates potential technological advances that can lower GHG emissions through improved efficiency of on-road vehicles (including light and heavy-duty vehicles), as well as other modes of transportation, namely air, rail, and commercial marine. The evaluation considers technologies that are currently available or close to commercialization, as well as more advanced strategies that may not be available for a decade or more. 1-1
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Acknowledgments Transportation's Ro
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Table of Contents Transportation's
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List of Figures Transportation's Ro
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1.0 Introduction Transportation's R
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Induced Travel Demand Transportatio
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3.11 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Transporta
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Table 3.5 Findings by Strategy: Sys
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Strategy Name Travel Activity Commu
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Development of a Hydrogen Infrastru
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� 2.9 Electricity Overview Many o
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Feasibility Transportation’s Role
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� 2.10 References Transportation
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