Transportation's Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...

Transportation's Role in Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Volume 1
Table 3.4 Findings by Strategy: Vehicle Fuel Efficiency
Only per vehicle GHG reductions are provided for vehicle efficiency strategies. Percent GHG reduction for the
transportation sector as a whole from each strategy will be much less than the per vehicle reductions since each
vehicle type comprises only a portion of the total transportation sector, market penetration will almost certainly be
less than 100 percent, and fleet turnover time will delay realization of benefits.
Per Vehicle GHG Reduction Compared to
Strategy
Conventional Vehicle, 2030
On-Road Light-Duty Vehicles
Advanced Conventional Gasoline Vehicles 8—30%
Diesel Vehicles 16%
Hybrid Electric Vehicles 26—54%
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles 46—75%
On-Road Heavy-Duty Vehicles
Retrofits of heavy-duty trucks to use aerodynamic fairings, trailer
side skirts, low-rolling resistance tires, aluminum wheels, and
planar boat tails
3-34
10—15%
Powertrain and Resistance Reduction for New Trucks 10—30%
Transit hybrid electric buses 10—50%
Rail
Power System Modifications
• Common rail injection systems
• Genset engines
• Hybrid yard engines
• Hybrid line-haul operations
Train Efficiency Improvements
• Light weight railcars, aerodynamics, wheel to rail lubrication
• Improving load configuration for intermodal trains
Marine
5—15%
35—50%
35—57%
10—15%
4-10% individually
up to 27%
Improvements to Ship Design and Propulsion Systems 4—15% for ship design
Aircraft
Up to 20% for diesel electric for vessels that
change speed or load frequently (cruise ships,
harbor tugs, and ferries)
Engine technology and airframe improvements 1.4-2.3% *
Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems Reduction in Mobile Air Conditioner GHGs
Can-Ban (Ban on do-it-yourself air conditioner servicing) 66% (California study)
Alternative Refrigerant Chemicals 91.3 to 99.9% depending on refrigerant type
and mechanical efficiency
* Fleet-wide annual aircraft efficiency improvement during 2015-2035 relative to 2015 as the base year.