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Le Giornate del Cinema Muto 2005 Sommario / Contents

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Française celebrity Maxime Desjardins (later to accept the small but<br />

unforgettable role of Soulas the shepherd in Antoine’s film of La Terre)<br />

played the principal, and repeated the part in Denola’s film (the only one<br />

of the stage originals to do so).The dunce Surot was played by 23-yearold<br />

Pierre Renoir. Saturnin Fabre, later to become one of the most beloved<br />

of eccentric supporting actors in French sound films, was singled out by<br />

critics for his comic grotesque characterization of the school bursar. Other<br />

Antoine regulars in the cast of the play included Henri Desfontaines (to<br />

become one of the most prolific commercial filmmakers of the 1920s),<br />

Denis d’Ines, Jeanne Lion, and Jeanne Grumbach, who would also have a<br />

small role in the film version of La Terre.<br />

Apart from his work with Antoine, little is known of Georges Denola’s<br />

career. Born in Paris in 1865, he was administrator of the celebrated La<br />

Cigale music hall before joining Radios, a film production company<br />

founded by industry pioneer Clément Maurice (who as a collaborator of<br />

the Lumière Brothers had organized the first public screenings of the<br />

cinématographe on 28 December 1895).<br />

With the birth of the S.C.A.G.L. – the Société Cinématographique des<br />

Auteurs et Gens de <strong>Le</strong>ttres – in 1908, Denola was hired by Pierre<br />

Decourcelle as a house director, and by his own account made (often<br />

anonymously, as was the case in these pioneering pre-war years) more<br />

than 200 films in his 13 or so years with the studio. Denola turned out<br />

innumerable adaptations of classics of popular literature – including the<br />

first film version of Eugène Sue’s often-adapted <strong>Le</strong>s Mystères de Paris<br />

(1913), apparently co-directed with S.C.A.G.L. artistic director Albert<br />

Capellani, and Ponson du Terrail’s Rocambole (Denola’s favorite among his<br />

own pictures). His film activities seem to have gone into eclipse along with<br />

those of Antoine (with whom he kept up a correspondence until 1926).<br />

Denola made at least two appearances in front of the camera: he played<br />

the diamond merchant in Antoine’s L’Hiron<strong>del</strong>le et la Mésange, and,<br />

rather poignantly, had an uncredited part as a resident of the retirement<br />

home for old actors in the 1938 film La Fin du jour, directed by one of<br />

Antoine’s most famous alumni, Julien Duvivier. He died in 1944. Of<br />

Denola’s plentiful production, barely a dozen films survive, according to<br />

the FIAF film database.<br />

<strong>Le</strong>s Grands was presented in Czechoslovakia by the distribution<br />

company Biografia. A Czech distribution print was used as the source of<br />

this restoration by the Czech film archive. – LENNY BORGER<br />

61<br />

ISRAEL (Tiber-Film, Roma, IT 1919)<br />

Re./dir: André Antoine; scen., adatt./adapt: André Antoine, dal dramma<br />

di/from the play by Henry Bernstein (1908); f./ph: Giacomo Angelini;<br />

cast: Vittoria [Vittorina] <strong>Le</strong>panto (Agnese, Duchessa di Croucy),<br />

Alberto Collo (Tebaldo di Croucy, Principe/Prince di Clar), Vittorio<br />

Rossi-Pianelli (Giustino Gotlieb, banchiere ebreo/Jewish banker),<br />

Alfonso Cassini (Padre/Abbé Silvian, il confessore/the confessor),André<br />

Antoine (Il prelato/the prelate), ? (Duca di Croucy); dist: Unione<br />

<strong>Cinema</strong>tografica Italiana (UCI); riprese/filmed 1918; ppp/rel: 25.4.1919<br />

(Roma); lg. or./orig. l: 1525 m. (c.85’); 35mm, 1026 m., 50’ (18 fps),<br />

Cineteca Nazionale.<br />

Didascalie in italiano / Italian intertitles.<br />

Avvertenza / Notice<br />

L’unica copia di questo film dimenticato ritrovato dalla Cineteca<br />

Nazionale nel 1973 è alquanto incompleta e difettosa, ma costituisce<br />

un documento raro sia per il soggetto – l’antisemitismo ai tempi di<br />

Dreyfus – sia per la presenza di Antoine in uno studio romano.<br />

The only known print of this forgotten film, rediscovered in 1973 by the<br />

Cineteca Nazionale of Rome, is very incomplete and badly deteriorated, but<br />

represents a precious document, both for its subject – anti-Semitism in the<br />

aftermath of the Dreyfus affair – and for the presence of Antoine in a<br />

Roman studio.<br />

Bisogna conoscere la storia di questo film per apprezzare ciò che ne<br />

resta. Gli anni successivi alla prima guerra mondiale furono per quasi<br />

tutto il cinema europeo anni di crisi e cambiamenti. L’evolversi <strong>del</strong>la<br />

mentalità, l’affermarsi di nuove teconolgie, l’avanzata <strong>del</strong> cinema<br />

americano colpirono duramente il vecchio sistema, specie in Francia e<br />

in Italia. Gli accordi fra la S.C.A.G.L. e la Pathé furono ricusati e<br />

Gugenheim, amministratore finanziario <strong>del</strong>la S.C.A.G.L., sperò di<br />

trovare un nuovo socio in Italia. Così alla fine <strong>del</strong> 1918 Antoine giunse<br />

a Roma per saggiare in loco le possibilità offerte dallo studio <strong>del</strong>la<br />

Tiber Film, una casa anch’essa assai fragile e sul punto di essere<br />

assorbita dall’U.C.I. (Unione <strong>Cinema</strong>tografica Italiana). Anziché far<br />

seguire a Israel uno o forse due altri film, la progettata collaborazione<br />

franco-italiana venne abbandonata,Antoine rientrò furibondo in patria<br />

e Israel, confezionato rapidamente, altrettanto rapidamente cadde<br />

nell’oblio. L’idea di partenza era promettente perché si trattava di<br />

portare sullo schermo la pièce di Bernstein Israël, che nel 1908<br />

un’amica di Antoine, la grande Réjane, aveva allestito a Parigi nel suo<br />

proprio teatro.A conclusione <strong>del</strong>l’affare Dreyfus, l’autore stesso “non<br />

fiero ma contento di essere ebreo”, prendeva a bersaglio due forti<br />

correnti <strong>del</strong>l’antisemitismo <strong>del</strong> tempo: l’Action française e il mondo<br />

clericale. Un soggetto così polemico non aveva in Francia alcuna<br />

possibilità di essere trasposto sullo schermo, ma Antoine fece l’errore<br />

di credere che avrebbe potuto operare più liberamente a poca<br />

distanza dal Vaticano. Israel ottenne il visto <strong>del</strong>la censura italiana il 1°<br />

febbraio 1919; una sola didascalia venne soppressa: “La vostra opera è<br />

compiuta! Ecco come voi salvate il mondo.” Tuttavia un giornale <strong>del</strong> 9<br />

ANTOINE

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