12.06.2013 Views

Le Giornate del Cinema Muto 2005 Sommario / Contents

Le Giornate del Cinema Muto 2005 Sommario / Contents

Le Giornate del Cinema Muto 2005 Sommario / Contents

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

dimostrazione il modo con cui il film si affida ai campi lunghi che<br />

inquadrano i personaggi entro spazi precisi, suggerendone a volte lo<br />

stato emotivo. Si noti, ad esempio, come nelle scene sulla chiatta, i<br />

personaggi siano spesso distributi in uno spazio profondo che si<br />

stende da prua a poppa. Oppure come Victor venga presentato<br />

mediante i campi lunghi di una piccola, stretta strada: spicca in<br />

particolare la lunga ripresa di una piazza vuota con pochi alberi spogli<br />

al centro, attraverso cui il ragazzino vaga lento ed incerto nell’aria<br />

mattutina. O ancora come, nel zona in cui vive Maugendre, i<br />

personaggi vadano e vengano nell’erba alta e sembrino muoversi al<br />

ritmo <strong>del</strong>le sue ondulazioni. O infine come la cerimonia conclusiva, in<br />

cui un sacerdote benedice “La Nouvelle Nivernaise” e il sottinteso<br />

matrimonio <strong>del</strong>la giovane coppia, sia inquadrata in modo da suggerire<br />

un’immagine quasi paradisiaca.<br />

In seguito Epstein ebbe a descrivere la Senna come “l’interprete più<br />

grande, la personalità più forte” che egli avesse mai intimamente<br />

conosciuto. La languida corrente <strong>del</strong> fiume pare così fornire la chiave<br />

di basso da cui dipende il lento e limpido ritmo <strong>del</strong> film. Un ritmo<br />

accentuato dai frequenti campi lunghi, dalle linee sempre morbide<br />

<strong>del</strong>le sponde, dalle molte dissolvenze (fatte in macchina) e dai precisi<br />

raccordi, ma soprattutto dalle armoniose carrellate effettuate da una<br />

macchina montata sulla chiatta stessa o su un’altra ad essa parallela.<br />

Fisso e fluido ad un tempo, questo movimento di macchina, insieme<br />

a quello dei personaggi, appare come un’estensione <strong>del</strong> fiume stesso.<br />

RICHARD ABEL<br />

La Belle Nivernaise belongs to another subset of the French realist<br />

melodrama, one that locates its stories in the landscape and milieu of<br />

French rivers and canals. These barge-life stories appear as early as<br />

Georges Lacroix’s little-known <strong>Le</strong>s Chalands (1911) and Louis<br />

Feuillade’s Vendémiaire (1919), but reach a high point in the 1920s,<br />

with André Antoine’s L’Hiron<strong>del</strong>le et la Mésange (filmed in 1919-1920,<br />

but not edited and released until 1984), Epstein’s film, and Jean Renoir’s<br />

La fille de l’eau (1925), and arguably culminate in Jean Vigo’s<br />

L’Atalante (1934).<br />

La Belle Nivernaise had only a modest success with the French public<br />

and disappointed film critics, who may have been expecting spectacular<br />

moments of rapid cutting similar to those that they had admired in<br />

Coeur fidèle (1923), the highly regarded film directed the year before by<br />

the young Jean Epstein (1897-1953). Instead, this film tells a simple, even<br />

banal tale of an orphan boy adopted by a river-barge family who finally<br />

is allowed to marry his adopted parents’ daughter. It also proceeds at an<br />

unhurried pace, a pace that Epstein himself found troubling when he saw<br />

the film re-screened at the Vieux Colombier in Paris in 1928: because<br />

ordinary spectators, he realized, were now more adept at reading<br />

cinematic images, even films released a few years earlier inevitably gave<br />

“an impression of slowness and attenuated rhythm”.<br />

Still, unlike most other Epstein films, La Belle Nivernaise (the name of<br />

the family’s barge) has a great deal of charm and poignancy. Although<br />

some of this is due to the acting of Maurice Touzé (who also would<br />

73<br />

appear in Renoir’s La fille de l’eau and Jean Benoît-Lévy and Marie<br />

Epstein’s Peau de pêche [1929]), it also comes from the camerawork of<br />

Epstein and Guichard. A good example is the way the film relies on long<br />

shots of the characters framed within specific spaces, sometimes<br />

suggestive of their emotional state. Notice, for instance, how in the barge<br />

scenes the characters often are positioned in a deep space that stretches<br />

from stern to bow. Or how Victor is introduced in long shots of a narrow<br />

street: the best of these is a long take of an empty square with a small<br />

central park of bare trees, through which the boy slowly, uncertainly<br />

wanders in the early morning air. Or how, in the area where Maugendre<br />

lives, characters come and go through the high grass, seeming to move in<br />

harmony with its undulations. Or, finally, how the concluding ceremony, in<br />

which a priest blesses “La Nouvelle Nivernaise” and the young couple’s<br />

implied marriage, is framed in such a way as to produce an image that is<br />

almost paradisiacal.<br />

Epstein later described the Seine as “the greatest actor, the strongest<br />

personality that I have known intimately”. The river’s languid current<br />

arguably provides the bass clef on which the film’s slow, limpid rhythm<br />

depends. And that rhythm is accentuated by the frequent long shots, the<br />

consistently soft lines of the riverbank, the many dissolves (done in<br />

camera) and graphic match cuts, but principally by the smooth tracking<br />

shots taken from a camera mounted either on the barge or on another<br />

moving in parallel to it. Fixed and flowing at the same time, this camera<br />

movement, in conjunction with that of the characters, seems an extension<br />

of the river itself. – RICHARD ABEL<br />

LA BRIÈRE (Compagnie Universelle Cinématographique, FR 1925)<br />

Re./dir: Léon Poirier; scen., adatt./adapt: Léon Poirier, dal romanzo<br />

di/from the novel by Alphonse de Chateaubriant; f./ph: Lucien Bellavoine;<br />

scg./des: Robert-Jules Garnier; a. re./asst. dir: Georges Bastia; cast: José<br />

Davert (Aoustin), Armand Tallier (Jeannin), Jean Charton (Cendron),<br />

Romain Mouton (il Sindaco/Mayor Moyon), Laurence Myrga<br />

(Théotiste), Jeanne Marie-Laurent (Aoustine), Eugénie Nau (Florence),<br />

Emilie Prévost (Julie), Renée Wilde (Marie); riprese/filmed: 1924;<br />

anteprima per stampa ed esercenti/trade show: 23.1.1925; ppp/rel:<br />

23.4.1925; 35mm, 2167 m., 106’ (18 fps), Cinémathèque Française.<br />

Didascalie in francese / French intertitles.<br />

Come Antoine, Léon Poirier fu dapprima uomo di teatro e come lui,<br />

quando diresse i suoi film, dopo essere stato consigliere artistico alla<br />

Gaumont, ebbe grande attenzione al senso di verità <strong>del</strong>la messa in<br />

scena.Anch’egli si cimentò assiduamente con gli adattamenti di opere<br />

letterarie accentuandone l’orientamento realista. Dopo Jocelyn (1922),<br />

sempre ispirandosi a Lamartine, Poirier gira Geneviève (1923)<br />

servendosi anche di attori non professionisti nella convinzione che<br />

all’arte cinematografica servisse un’iniezione di vita vera. Come egli<br />

stesso disse, in quel film “non ci sono attori abili nel truccarsi e<br />

impersonare gli abitanti <strong>del</strong> villaggio: le persone <strong>del</strong> villaggio non<br />

interpretano una parte, sono se stesse ed è molto meglio”. La<br />

ANTOINE

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!