Miljø- og samfundsøkonomisk vurdering af ... - Miljøstyrelsen

Summary
COWI and DTU Environment have carried out an environmental and economic assessment of
thirteen different scenarios for the Danish Environmental Protection Agency (DEPA) in order to
analyse opportunities for increased recycling of various waste fractions in the household waste. The
environmental assessment is carried out as a consequencial life cycle assessment (LCA) with the
EASEWASTE model. The assessment includes the non-toxic environmental impact categories
global warming, acidification, nutrient enrichment, photochemical smog and ozone depletion as
well as the toxic environmental impact categories human toxicity via air, soil and water and
ecotoxicity in water and soil. The economic assessment include a socio- economic cost benefit
analysis and a private cost analysis. Both the environmental and the economic assessments have
undergone external peer reviews.
The assessment covers household waste from a mixed catchment area compriseing 150,000 single
family households and 100,000 multi storey households, corresponding to the average distribution
of single family and multi-storey households in Denmark. It further corresponds to approx. 10% of
the total number of households in Denmark. The report also presents results for two other
catchment areas having 250,000 single family respectively 250,000 multi-storey households. The
assessment applies a definition of household waste, which is described in footnote 13 . All treatment
facilities are green field projects designed according to best available technology and no constraints
exist in relation to existing facilities, inter-municipal agreements, etc.
The thirteen analyzed scenarios cover the following basic differences in separate collection and
waste sorting:
A typical current-situation (baseline)
Source separation of few materials (waste fractions) from households
Source separation of many materials from households
Source segregation 14 of a co-mingled recyclable fraction from households and subsequent
centralised fine sorting
Source segregation of a co-mingled recyclable fraction with subsequent fine sorting of both the comingled
fraction and the dry residual fraction.
The baseline scenario represents the situation for a waste catchment area in 2020 with weekly
collection of residual waste ( to be incinerated), and with a bringrecyling scheme for glass and
paper. The other scenarios represent technologically further developed alternatives to the baseline
scenario involving more efficient collect schemes, separation at source of other materials as plastic,
metal and organics as well as other technologies for subsequent treatment (e.g anaerobic digestion
of the organic fraction, centralised advanced sorting of materials or waste bags).. Glass recycling is
carried out via bring bank sheemes in all scenarios. The thirteen scenarios (see Table A) are
analyzed for recycling rate, for environmental impact and for economic performance.
13
Householdwaste is in this report defined as "the residual waste and recyclable materials that would have
ended in residual waste if no other collection and bring schemes for recyclable materials from household waste
collection had been established than bring banks for glass and paper". Bulky waste and recyclable materials in
bulky waste (with the exception of a small fraction of cardboard) is not included in the report's definition of
household waste and not included in the assessments.
14
Source separation means that the household sorts the individual fractions in separate containers (or a room /
compartment in this). Source segregation means that more material fractions are placed in the same
compartment in a container, after which the materials are fine sorted in central facilities.
Miljø- og samfundsøkonomisk vurdering af muligheder for øget genanvendelse af papir, pap, plast, metal og organisk affald fra
dagrenovation
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