Miljø- og samfundsøkonomisk vurdering af ... - Miljøstyrelsen

Important pre-conditions for the assessments made in this project can be found in chapter 2 of the
report. In Tabel 2 can be found the typical composition of household waste from single family and
multey storey households. Tabel 3 informs about separation effeciency in the houdehold for each
recyclable fraction. Tabel 4 and Tabel 5 include information on type and size bins applied in the
different scenarios as well as the emptying frequency. Tabel 11 shows the sorting effeciency at
centralised sorting planst for each type of recyclabe fraction being fine sorted.
Assessment of the recycling rate
The recycling rate can be meassured in two ways. One way is to determine recycling by the total
amount of the different waste fractions collected for recycling as a percentage of the total
amount of household waste (including materials for recycling, see footnote 1), i.e. no subsequent
separation of materials is taken into account. In principle, this corresponds to the method
presently applied for measuring compliance with official targets. Alternatively, the recycling rate is
calculated as the amount of materials actually recycled and sold to the recycling industry,
i.e. the collected amount of the waste fractions for recycling is deducted the amount discarded later
due to technical or quality reasons. The assessment of environmental impacts and economics is
based on the actual amount recycled.
The recycling rates in the different scenarios are shown in Figure A. The rate depends largely on the
assumptions made for efficiency at household level with respect to separating the different waste
fractions. Ambitious but realistic seperating efficiency is applied as achieved in full scale operations
in Danish (and Swedish or German) recycling schemes. In all scenarios recycling rates are
significantly increased compared to the baseline scenario. In scenarios 4 and 7, having no source
separation of organic waste, the recycling rate has increased less than in the other scenarios where
organic waste is separated at source, anaerobicly digested and spread on farmland.
Source separated organic waste is either treated at an Aikan anaerobic digestion (AD) plant (2A,
3A, 5A and 6A) or a manure-based anaerobic digestion facility (2F, 3F, 5F and 6F). The amount of
organic waste "collected for recycling" is the same for the two technologies; however, the actual
recycling rate is less for the manure-based facility that requires a more effective pre-treatment,
resulting in a larger loss of organic material. Source separation of organic waste increases recycling
up to 22 % points (can be seen by comparing scenarios 3 and 4).
In the scenarios 2A, 2F and 2Z, the recycling rate is increased due to source separation of the
organic household waste and more effective source separation of paper compared to the baseline
scenario. Scenarios 3A, 3F, 3Z and 4 also involve source separation of cardboard, plastic and metal,
which - as compared to scenario 2 - increases the fraction "collected for recycling" by 6% points and
the fraction "actually recycled" by 3% points.
Miljø- og samfundsøkonomisk vurdering af muligheder for øget genanvendelse af papir, pap, plast, metal og organisk affald fra
dagrenovation
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