n - University of Newcastle

SUBJ'OXCTTTE 3100~.
T. 10.
Tetti buili-ko, 'to die.'
Tetti ba-un-il-kos noa, 'in order that he might die.'
Tetti b8a-kkn-koa noa, 'lest ht: should die.'
Tetti ka-min uoa ba, '~vlien he dies,' 'if he should die.'
Tetti bai-g t noa, ' he had alulost died.'
Tetti ba-pa noa, 'had he died,' 'if he had died.'
IMPEBATITE
DIOOD.
Tetti brt-unra, ' proceed to die' (optatively).
Tetti bi~tl-billa b611, ' permitPim to die.'
Tetti b6a-lia, ' die again.'
PARTICLES used instead of the VERB ' TO BE.'
1. The cerb, zoit7h n substanti~ae attribzcte : t a, 'it is' ; t a r a r 6 n,
' it is not.'
2. The verb, zoifh an ncijectioe attribufe : 16 g, 'it is'; k or a
1 A g, ' it is not.'
3. The cerb, zcif7t a perso~zaZ nttribute: (1) b o, is 'self '; (2)
g a 1 i, ' this ' is the agent who.
E.cantp1es of 1, 2, ajzc13 :-
U n 11 i b o bag , 'this is I ' (the subject of the verb) ;
gat o a b o u n 11 i, ' this is I myself (the personal
aqeut), who' . . ; uilni ta, 'thisis' (the subjecr;) ;
unni bo ta, 'thisisitself' (thesubject); gali nos
m i y a, ' this is he who spoke.'
Pulli,'salt' (asubsf.); pulli ta,'itis salt' (asubst.);
ulli 16g, 'itissalt' (anarlj.); pulli liora lhg,
qtisnot salt' (an adj.) ; tararkn* pulli korien,
'it is not sdlt7 (a subsf.)
*There are two negatives here, as usual, but the former of them my be
omitted.
4. IPhe ve~b, tcit7~ ajz aftiai6ufe rf nzanner: yan t i, 'it is so';
y anti b o t a, ' it is so itself' ; intpe~.otire : y an 6 a, ' let be as
it is'; y a-ai (used negatively), 'lec it not be so.'
Exantpie :-
Paai, bGilki yiliora, 'let it nct be so, strike not.'
5. The verb, exptpl-essing feitdency : w al, 'is,' 'shall,' 'mill'
(denoting tendency of the mind or thing) ; inzperntive : w i y a,
' say,' ' declare what you wish.'
Exnntp7es :-
Tiir ma1 unni, 'this is broken'; miya,, unni murrirag,
'say, is this good?'
TEE GIlA1IXIR. 43
6. The cerb, e.r2i-essinaY being or existence: k e, ' be,' ' is.'
Exainple :-
3finarig ke uizni? 'what (thing) is this?'
[XOTE.--I am not sure that all these particles are used as
substitutes for the re& 'to be.'-ED.]
THE VZRB used NEGATIVELY.
ISDICATIVE ~\IooD.
&TI-~izntively. LVgniiuely.
T. 1. ICstbm6, bhn-tau b6n bsg. Iie,zi~rarJu, b6u bag bhn korien.
' Yes, I str~ke him.'
5. B6n-kBkn b6n bag.
'I hare struck him.'
6. Bi~u-kolla b611 bai.
' I had struck him.'
5. B6n-liia b6n bag.
' I shall strike him.'
9. Bhn-nC.1 wal b6n bag.
' I shail strike him.'
' No, I str~ke 111111 not.'
Keawai, b6n bag bh-ki-pa.
'KO, I heve not strnrak h~m.'
Iieac.adn, b611 bag bhm-pa.
'No, I had not &ruck him.'
Iieawai, b611 bng bi~n-kin.
'No, I slinll not strike him.'
Kea>rai, wal b611 bag b61i korien.
'So, I shall not str~ke h~nl.'
T.
PARTICIPLES.
1. Bbn-kill-in b6n bag.
' I am striking him.'
3. Bhn-killi-ela b6a bag.
'I was striking him.'
9. Bhn-lrilli-nkn b6u bag.
'I am going to strike him.'
Iiean-arm, bcju bag bh-liilli liorien.
'No, I am not stliking him.'
ICeamaran,b6n bag b6n-liilli kora kal.
'No, I mas not going to strike him.'
Iienx~ai, b611 bzg biui-Billi liora be.
'No, I am not going to strike him.'
IITPERATITE MOOD.
dla~zrlntoly-
Ehma b6n, 'strilie him.' Ma, biiva b6n, ' do, strike him.'
Panoa, bh-ki yikora bdn, ' let be, strike him not.'
Bhu-kiilti, ' strike on,' ' continue to strike.'
Yanoa, bh-killa-ban kora, ' let be, cease strikine;.'
- B6m-mara-buu-billa b6u, 'permit him to be struck.'
Pari, b6n bi b6m-mara-bun-bi yikora, ' hold ! let him not
be struck.'
En freaty-
B6m-min-billa-h&. ' permit him to strike.'
Ianoa, bhm-nun-bi yikorn b6n, 'let be, permit him not to
strike.'
Int~rroga
fiae-
llinarig-tin binug b6n-kulla? ' mhy did'st thou strike him?'
Kora kua Ginug b6m-pa? ' why hast thou not struck him ?'